Introduction

The suborder Alepocephaloidei contains three families of deepsea fishes found in all oceans. Authors of traditional morphological studies have variously recognised this group as an order (Marshall 1962), a suborder (Greenwood et al. 1966, Wiley & Johnson 2010) or a superfamily (Greenwood & Rosen 1971; Johnson & Patterson 1996; Ishiguro et al. 2003; Nelson 2006). Authors of recent molecular studies (Lavoué et al. 2005; Lavoué et al. 2008; Poulsen et al. 2009; Betancur-R 2013, 2014) recognise the group as an order, and the sister group to the Ostariophyisi (or Clupeomorpha). Until relationships are further resolved, the classification here follows that of Wiley & Johnson (2010) in retaining the group as a suborder of the Argetiniformes. Poulsen et al. (2009) regarded the group as monophyletic, but suggested that the Bathylaconidae was not monophyletic and placed the genera in the Alepocephalidae.

General References

Betancur-R, R., Broughton, R.E., Wiley, E.O., Carpenter, K., López, J.A., Li, C., Holcroft, N.I., Arcila, D., Sanciangco, M., Cureton, II J.C., Zhang, F., Buser, T &, Campbell, M.A., Ballesteros, J.A., Roa-Varon, A., Willis, S., Borden, W.C., Rowley, T., Reneau, P.C., Hough, D.J., Lu, G., Grande, T., Arratia, G. & Ortí, G. 2013. The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes. PLOS Currents Tree of Life Edition 1: doi: 10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288

Betancur-R, R., Wiley, E., Bailly, N, Miya, M., Lecointre, G. & Ortí, G. 2014. Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes —Version 3. http://www.deepfin.org/Classification_v3.htm

Greenwood, P.H., Rosen, D.E., Weitzman, S.H. & Myers, G.S. 1966. Phyletic studies of teleostean fishes with a provisional classification of living forms. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 131(4): 339-456 figs 1-9 pls 21-23

Greenwood, P.H. & Rosen, D.E. 1971. Notes on the structure and relationships of the alepocephaloid fishes. American Museum Novitates 2473: 1-41

Ishiguro, N.B., Miya, M., Nishida, M. 2003. Basal euteleostean relationships: a mitogenomic perspective on the phylogenetic reality of the ''Protacanthopterygii”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 27: 476–488

Johnson, G.D. & Patterson, C. 1996. Relationships of lower euteleostean fishes. pp. 251-332 in Stiassny, M.L.J., Parenti, L.R. & Johnson, G.D. (eds). Interrelationships of Fishes. San Diego : Academic Press 496 pp.

Lavoué, S., Miya, M., Inoue, J.G., Saitoh, K., Ishiguro, N.B. & Nishida, M. 2005. Molecular systematics of the gonorynchiform fishes (Teleostei) based on whole mitogenome sequences: implications for higher-level relationships within the Otocephala. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37: 165–177

Lavoué, S., Miya, M., Poulsen, J.Y. Møller, P.R. & Nishida, M. 2008. Monophyly, phylogenetic position and inter-familial relationships of the Alepocephaliformes (Teleostei) based on whole mitogenome sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47: 1111–1121

Marshall, N.B. 1962. Observations on the Heteromi, an order of teleost fishes. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 9: 249-270

Nelson, J.S. 2006. Fishes of the World. Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 601 pp.

Poulsen, J.Y., Møller, P.D.R., Lavoué, S., Knudsen, S.W., Nishida, M. & Miya, M. 2009. Higher and lower-level relationships of the deep-sea fish order Alepocephaliformes (Teleostei: Otocephala) inferred from whole mitogenome sequences. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 98: 923–936

Wiley, E.O. & Johnson, G.D. 2010. A teleost classification based on monophyletic groups. pp. 123-182 in Nelson, J.S., Schultze, H.-P. & Wilson, M.V.H. Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts. München, Germany : Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil 480 pp. [141]

History of changes

Introduction

Currently, 40 species in 14 genera are recognised in the Platytroctidae (Eschmeyer & Fong 2014); seven species in five genera are known from Australian waters.

Tubeshoulders are meso-, bathy- and benthopelagic in all oceans. Although very similar to alepocephalids, they differ in having a shoulder organ that produces luminous fluid that can be ejected. Some species have head and body photophores. Maximum length recorded is 30 cm.

The platytroctids were revised by Parr (1960) and Matsui & Rosenblatt (1987). Studies by Sazonov (1976, 1986, 1992) provided additional information. The work of Sazonov (1980) is followed here in replacing the name Searsiidae with Platytroctidae. Sazonov (1999) provided information on the family, and Williams & Sazonov (2008) treated some Australian species. Flynn & Pogonoski (2012) treated species found in the southern Tasman Sea.

General References

Eschmeyer, W.N. & Fong, J.D. 2014. Species of Fishes by family/subfamily. Catalog of Fishes. Online version updated 19 May 2014. http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/SpeciesByFamily.asp

Flynn, A.J. & Pogonoski, J.J. 2012. Guide to Mesopelagic Fishes of the Southern Tasman Sea. Hobart, Australia : CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research i-v + 221 pp. [43-46]

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159

Parr, A.E. 1960. The fishes of the family Searsidae. Dana Reports 51: 1-109 figs 1-73

Paxton, J.R., Gates, J.E., Bray, D.J. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Platytroctidae. pp. 380-382 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp.

Sazonov, Y.I. 1976. Materials on the systematics and distribution of fishes of the family Searsiidae (Salmoniformes, Alepocephaloidei). Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Moskva 104: 26-72 figs 1-22 [in Russian]

Sazonov, Y.I. 1980. Replacement of the family name Searsiidae Parr, 1951 by the senior subjective synonym Platytroctidae Roule, 1919. Voprosy Ikhtiologii 20(6): 142-143 [in Russian; Eng. Transl. J. Ichthyol. 20(6): 142–143]

Sazonov, Y.I. 1986. Morphology and classification of fishes of the family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes, Alepocephaloidei). Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Moskva 121: 51-96

Sazonov, Y.I. 1992. Matsuichthys gen. novum — a new genus of fishes of the family Platytroctidae with notes on classification of the subfamiy Platytroctinae. Voprosy Ikhtiologii 32: 3-12

Sazonov, Y.I. 1999. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 1894-1895 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068.

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp.

Common Name References

Sazonov, Y.I. 1999. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 1894-1895 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1894] (FAO) (Tubeshoulders)

History of changes

• Holtbyrnia Parr, A.E. 1937. Concluding report on fishes with species index for articles 1–7 (Fishes of the third oceanographic expedition of the Pawnee). Bulletin of the Bingham Oceanographic Collection 3(7): 1-79 figs 1-22 [6].

  Type species:

   Bathytroctes innesi Fowler, 1934 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

History of changes

• Holtbyrnia laticauda Sazonov, Y.I. 1976. New species of fishes of the family Searsiidae (Salmoniformes, Alepocephaloidei) from the Pacific Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Moskva 104: 13-25 figs 1-4 [in Russian] [17].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZIL 42629 (depth 0-1300 m), Tasman Sea [34°58´S, 168°33´E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

East of Broken Bay, NSW (33°28'S, 152°25'E) to southwest of Cape Leeuwin, WA (35°02'S, 114°46'S), including TAS; temperate, Indo-south Pacific.

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine, mesopelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

650-1400 m

General References

Flynn, A.J. & Pogonoski, J.J. 2012. Guide to Mesopelagic Fishes of the Southern Tasman Sea. Hobart, Australia : CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research i-v + 221 pp. [44]

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159 [61]

Paxton, J.R., Gates, J.E., Bray, D.J. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Platytroctidae. pp. 380-382 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [381]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [212]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [208]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 346-353 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [348]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Tusked Tubeshoulder)

History of changes

• Maulisia Parr, A.E. 1960. The fishes of the family Searsidae. Dana Reports 51: 1-109 figs 1-73 [81].

  Type species:

   Maulisia mauli Parr, 1960 by original designation.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

General References

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159

History of changes

• Maulisia acuticeps Sazonov, Y.I. 1976. New species of fishes of the family Searsiidae (Salmoniformes, Alepocephaloidei) from the Pacific Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Moskva 104: 13-25 figs 1-4 [in Russian] [23, fig. 4].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZIL 42294 (depth 800-900 m), eastern Pacific [5°59´S, 84°59´W].
  Paratype(s) ZIL 42295.

Distribution

States

Tasmania, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

West of Cape Sorell, TAS (42°22'S, 144°38'E) to west of Exmouth, WA (21°58'S, 113°08'E); circumglobal (scattered localities)

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine, mesopelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

200-500 m

General References

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159 [95]

Paxton, J.R., Gates, J.E., Bray, D.J. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Platytroctidae. pp. 380-382 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [381]

Sazonov, Y.I. 1999. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 1894-1895 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1895]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [209]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Sharpsnout Tubeshoulder)

History of changes

• Maulisia mauli Parr, A.E. 1960. The fishes of the family Searsidae. Dana Reports 51: 1-109 figs 1-73 [82, figs 56-60].

  Type data:

   Holotype MMF 9594, off Madeira, north-east Atlantic.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northwest of Port Hedland, WA (18º08´S, 116°43'E); circumglobal (absent from Polar regions).

IMCRA

Northwest Transition (3)

Ecological Descriptors

Bathypelagic, marine, mesopelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

400-1200 m.

General References

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159 [91]

Paxton, J.R., Gates, J.E., Bray, D.J. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Platytroctidae. pp. 380-382 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [381]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [212]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Maul's Searsid)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Maul's Tubeshoulder)

History of changes

• Maulisia microlepis Sazonov, Y.I. & Golovan, G.A. 1976. New species of fishes of the family Searsiidae (Salmoniformes, Alepocephaloidei) from the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Moskva 104: 7-12 [10, fig. 3].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZIL 42292 (depth 0-1150 m), south-eastern Atlantic [27°13´S, 14°00´E].
  Paratype(s) ZIL 42293.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

South of TAS (47°13'S, 148°47'E), to west of Monte Bello Islands, WA (20°01'S, 113°08'E); temperate, cold temperate, circumglobal

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Bathypelagic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1033-1310 m.

General References

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159 [94]

Paxton, J.R., Gates, J.E., Bray, D.J. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Platytroctidae. pp. 380-382 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [381]

Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. 1996. Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35º). Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 135-155 [146]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [210]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 346-353 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [349]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Smallscale Searsid)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Smallscale Tubeshoulder)

History of changes

• Normichthys Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21 [17, 19].

  Type species:

   Normichthys operosa Parr, 1951 by original designation.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

History of changes

• Normichthys yahganorum Lavenberg, R.J. 1965. Normichthys yahganorum, a new searsiid fish from Antarctic waters. Contributions in Science (Los Angeles) 90: 1-7 [3, Figs. 1-2].

  Type data:

   Holotype LACM 10264, about 60 miles west and just south of Isla Gamblin, off southern Chile, depth 0-1100 m [45°01'S, 76°33'W].
  Paratype(s) LACM 10265.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

East of Bay of Fires, TAS (41º09S, 152º15E) to southwest of Ceduna, SA (34º03'S, 131º22'E), and in the southern Tasman Sea based on specimens in CSIRO; southern circumglobal

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Ecological Descriptors

Bathypelagic, mesopelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

100-2720 m

General References

Flynn, A.J. & Pogonoski, J.J. 2012. Guide to Mesopelagic Fishes of the Southern Tasman Sea. Hobart, Australia : CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research i-v + 221 pp. [45]

Heemstra, P.C. 1990. Platytroctidae. pp. 115 in Gon, O. & Heemstra, P.C. (eds). Fishes of the Southern Ocean. Grahamstown : J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 462 pp.

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159 [99]

Paulin, C., Stewart, A., Roberts, C. & McMillan, P. 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series 19: 1-279 [86]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 346-353 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [350]

Common Name References

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 346-353 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [350] (Cloaked Tubeshoulder)

History of changes

• Persparsia Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21 [18].

  Type species:

   Persparsia taaningi Parr, 1951 by original designation (= Bathytroctes kopua Phillipps, 1942).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Southern circumglobal (except South America).

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Macquarie Island Province (24), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

General References

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159

History of changes

• Bathytroctes kopua Phillipps, W.J. 1942. New records of bathypelagic fishes from Cook Strait. Records of the Dominion Museum 1(1): 49-54 figs 16-17 [49, pl. 16(1)].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMNZ 826 (depth 100 fathoms; stomach content), Cook Strait, New Zealand.
• Persparsia taaningi Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21 [18].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMUC P17288, off Cape of Good Hope, South Africa [35°42´S, 18°37´E].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159 [49]

Generic Combinations

• Persparsia kopua (Phillipps, 1942). —
  Parr, A.E. 1960. The fishes of the family Searsidae. Dana Reports 51: 1-109 figs 1-73 [48] (changed combination)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

East of Newcastle, NSW (33º01'S, 153°01'E) to southwest of Point Culver, WA (32º59'S, 124º31'E), including TAS, also Barcoo Seamount, Tasman Sea, and north of Macquarie Island; temperate, southern circumglobal (except South America).

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Macquarie Island Province (24), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Ecological Descriptors

Bathypelagic, marine, mesopelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

650-1500 m.

General References

Flynn, A.J. & Pogonoski, J.J. 2012. Guide to Mesopelagic Fishes of the Southern Tasman Sea. Hobart, Australia : CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research i-v + 221 pp. [46]

Gomon, M.F. 1994. Family Platytroctidae. 245 fig. 219 in Gomon, M.F., Glover, C.J.M. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. Adelaide : State Printer 992 pp. 810 figs. [245] (as P. kopua and P. taningi)

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1986. Family No. 65: Platytroctidae. pp. 223-225 in Smith, M.M. & Heemstra, P.C. (eds). Smith's Sea Fishes. Johannesburg : Macmillan South Africa xx + 1047 pp. 144 pls. [225]

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159 [49]

Paxton, J.R., Gates, J.E., Bray, D.J. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Platytroctidae. pp. 380-382 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [381]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [213]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [210]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 346-353 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [351]

Young, J.W., Lamb, T.D. & Bradford, R.W. 1996. Distribution and community structure of midwater fishes in relation to the subtropical convergence off eastern Tasmania, Australia.l. Marine Biology 126(4): 571-584 [575]

Common Name References

Gomon, M.F., Glover, C.J.M. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds) 1994. The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. Adelaide : State Printer 992 pp. 810 figs. [245] (Spangled Tubeshoulder)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Spangled Tubeshoulder)

History of changes

• Platytroctes Günther, A. 1878. Preliminary notices of deep-sea fishes collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5 2(2, 22, 28): 17-28, 179-187, 248-251 [249].

  Type species:

   Platytroctes apus Günther, 1878 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal.

IMCRA

Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3)

History of changes

• Platytroctes apus Günther, A. 1878. Preliminary notices of deep-sea fishes collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5 2(2, 22, 28): 17-28, 179-187, 248-251 [249].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 1887.12.7.235 (depth 1500 fathoms), Atlantic Ocean [01°N, 26°W].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northwest of Port Hedland, WA (18°08'S, 116°43'E) and Norfolk Ridge, north and south of Norfolk Island; tropical, circumglobal.

IMCRA

Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3)

Ecological Descriptors

Bathypelagic, marine, mesopelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

385-5393 m.

General References

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Matsui, T. & Rosenblatt, R.H. 1987. Review of the deep-sea fish family Platytroctidae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography 26: 1-159 [104]

Paxton, J.R., Gates, J.E., Bray, D.J. & Hoese, D.F. 2006. Platytroctidae. pp. 380-382 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [382]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [213]

Sazonov, Y.I. 1999. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 1894-1895 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1895]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 346-353 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [352]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase, FAO) (Legless Searsid)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Legless Tubeshoulder)

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Platytroctidae. pp. 346-353 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [352] (Disc Tubeshoulder)

History of changes

Introduction

A small family consisting of two genera, Bathylaco (not yet known from Australia) and Herwigia, with four species. One species is currently recorded from Australian waters, but their preferred habitat is poorly sampled and additional species are likely to be present (Sazonov & Williams, 2001). All species are circumglobal in tropical waters of the continental slopes, mostly at depths of over 1500 m. Although free swimming, most species appear to live close to the bottom. Maximum size is 40 cm.

The family Bathylaconidae is often treated as a subfamily of the Alepocephalidae (Nelson 1994), but we follow Johnson & Patterson (1996) and other recent authors (Nelson 2006, Wiley & Johnson 2010) in recognising the group as a distinct family. Poulsen et al. (2009) suggested that the family is not monophyletic. Nielsen & Larsen (1968) revised the family, and Sazonov & Williams (2001) discussed both genera and provided a key to all known species.

General References

Johnson, G.D. & Patterson, C. 1996. Relationships of lower euteleostean fishes. pp. 251-332 in Stiassny, M.L.J., Parenti, L.R. & Johnson, G.D. (eds). Interrelationships of Fishes. San Diego : Academic Press 496 pp. [312]

Nelson, J.S. 1994. Fishes of the World. New York : John Wiley & Sons 600 pp. [182]

Nelson, J.S. 2006. Fishes of the World. Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 601 pp. [193]

Poulsen, J.Y., Møller, P.D.R., Lavoué, S., Knudsen, S.W., Nishida, M. & Miya, M. 2009. Higher and lower-level relationships of the deep-sea fish order Alepocephaliformes (Teleostei: Otocephala) inferred from whole mitogenome sequences. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 98: 923–936

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [7-10]

Wiley, E.O. & Johnson, G.D. 2010. A teleost classification based on monophyletic groups. pp. 123-182 in Nelson, J.S., Schultze, H.-P. & Wilson, M.V.H. Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts. München, Germany : Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil 480 pp. [141]

History of changes

• Herwigia Nielsen, J.G. 1972. Additional notes on Atlantic Bathylaconidae (Pisces, Isospondyli) with a new genus. Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft 23(1): 29-36 figs 1-5 [30].

  Type species:

   Bathylaco kreffti Nielsen & Larsen, 1970 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Atlantic Indo-west-central Pacific.

IMCRA

Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Southeast Shelf Transition (37)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Bathylaco kreffti Nielsen, J.G. & Larsen, V. 1970. Notes on the Bathylaconidae (Pisces, Isospondyli) with a new species from the Atlantic Ocean. Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft 21(1): 28-39 figs [35, figs 5-6].

  Type data:

   Holotype ISH 1540/68 (depth about 2000 m), off Uruguay, South Atlantic [34°01´S, 47°39´W].
  Paratype(s) ISH 231/68.

Generic Combinations

• Herwigia kreffti (Nielsen & Larsen, 1970). —
  Nielsen, J.G. 1972. Additional notes on Atlantic Bathylaconidae (Pisces, Isospondyli) with a new genus. Archiv für Fischereiwissenschaft 23(1): 29-36 figs 1-5 (changed combination as type species of genus Herwigia)

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

East of Tuncurry (32°05'S, 153°08'E) to east of Shoalhaven Heads (34°50'S, 150°56'E), NSW; temperate, Atlantic Indo-west-central Pacific.

IMCRA

Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Southeast Shelf Transition (37)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

760-1800 m

General References

Hoese, D.F. & Bray, D.J. 2006. Bathylaconidae. pp. 383 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [383]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [210]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [9]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Krefft's Smooth-head)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Toothless Slickhead)

History of changes

Introduction

The Alepocephalidae currently comprises 99 species in about 20 genera worldwide (Eschmeyer, 2014; Eschmeyer & Fong 2014). In Australia, 38 described species in 16 genera are known. Sazonov & Williams (2001) included the Bathyprionidae, Leptochilichthyidae and Bathylaconidae within Alepocephalidae. Although Wiley & Johnson (2010) recognised the Bathylaconidae as a separate family, authors of recent molecular studies (Lavoué et al. 2008; Poulsen et al. 2009) include the group in the Alepocephalidae. We follow Wiley & Johnson (2010) here.

Slickheads are primarily benthopelagic on continental slopes and abyssal plains, although juveniles may be meso- or bathypelagic. Recorded food items include ctenophores, crustaceans, echinoderms, polychaetes, tunicates, sponges, cephalopods and fishes. They are often slender fishes with short-based dorsal and anal fins usually opposite and positioned far back on the body; teeth are small and jaws are overlapped by some of the circumorbital bones. A few genera have photophores and some lack scales. Maximum size for the family is 1 m. Ambrose (1996) discussed early life history.

Alepocephalids were reviewed, in part, by Parr (1951), who provided a key to genera, and more recently by Sazonov & Ivanov (1980), who described Indian Ocean species. Markle (1980) reviewed Asquamiceps, and more than 30 species from the eastern Atlantic were figured and briefly described by Markle & Quéro (1984). Markle & Krefft (1985) reviewed Bajacalifornia, Markle & Sazonov (1996) reviewed Aulastomatomorpha, and Sazonov & Markle (1999) presented a key to many tropical alepocephalids. Sazonov & Williams (2001) presented a key to genera, and reviewed 12 of the 20 alepocephalid genera and 19 species found in Australian waters. Williams & Sazonov (2008) treated species occurring off Australia's southern coast. Australian species of Conocara were reviewed by Sazonov et al. (2009). Some species found in the southern Tasman Sea are treated in Flynn & Pogonoski (2012). Microphotolepis schmidti has been recorded from the southeast coast of Java (Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 1985 as M. multipunctata) and is likely to occur in Australian waters. Similarly, Conocara werneri is recorded from New Zealand and the eastern Indian Ocean and is expected to be present in Australian waters (Sazonov et al. (2009). Alepocephalus productus has been recorded from New Zealand and the Norfolk Ridge (Williams & Stewart 2015), but there are no confirmed records from Australia. A number of undescribed species may also occur in Australian waters.

General References

Ambrose, D.A. 1996. Alepocephalidae: slickheads,. pp. 224-233 in Moser, H.G. The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. Fisheries Investigations Atlas No. 33 Lawrence, Kansas : California Cooperative Oceanic Allen Press, Inc. 1505 pp.

Eschmeyer, W.N. 2014. Catalog of Fishes. Online version updated 19 May 2014. http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp

Eschmeyer, W.N. & Fong, J.D. 2012. Species of Fishes by family/subfamily. Catalog of Fishes. Online version updated 15 March 2012. http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/SpeciesByFamily.asp

Flynn, A.J. & Pogonoski, J.J. 2012. Guide to Mesopelagic Fishes of the Southern Tasman Sea. Hobart, Australia : CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research i-v + 221 pp.

Gloerfelt-Tarp, T. & Kailola, P.J. 1984. Trawled Fishes of Southern Indonesia and Northwest Australia. Jakarta : Dir. Gen. Fish. (Indonesia), German Tech. Coop., Aust. Dev. Ass. Bur. 406 pp. [305]

Lavoué, S., Miya, M., Poulsen, J.Y. Møller, P.R. & Nishida, M. 2008. Monophyly, phylogenetic position and inter-familial relationships of the Alepocephaliformes (Teleostei) based on whole mitogenome sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47: 1111–1121

Markle, D. F. 1980. A new species and review of the deep-sea fish genus Asquamiceps (Salmoniformes, Alepocephalidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 30(1): 45-53

Markle, D.F. & Krefft, G. 1985. A new species and review of Bajacalifornia (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) with comments on the hook jaw of Narcetes stomias. Copeia 1985(2): 345-356

Markle, D.F. & Quéro, J.-C. 1984. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 228-253 33 figs in Whitehead, P.J.P. et al. (eds). Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Paris : UNESCO Vol. 1 510 pp. figs.

Markle, D.F. & Sazonov, Y.I. 1996. Review of the rare, deep-sea genus, Aulastomatomorpha (Teleostei: Salmoniformes), with a discussion of relationships. Copeia 1996(2): 497-500

Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21

Poulsen, J.Y., Møller, P.D.R., Lavoué, S., Knudsen, S.W., Nishida, M. & Miya, M. 2009. Higher and lower-level relationships of the deep-sea fish order Alepocephaliformes (Teleostei: Otocephala) inferred from whole mitogenome sequences. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 98: 923–936

Sazonov, Y.I., Williams, A. & Kobyliansky, S.G. 2009. Review of fish of the fish genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia and description of a new species C. paxtoni sp. nova. Journal of Ichthyology 49(10): 852-860

Sazonov, Y.I. & Ivanov, A.N. 1980. Slickheads (Alepocephalidae and Leptochilichthyidae) from thalassobathyal zone of the Indian Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Moskva 110: 7-104 figs 1-25 [in Russian]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068.

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36

Wiley, E.O. & Johnson, G.D. 2010. A teleost classification based on monophyletic groups. pp. 123-182 in Nelson, J.S., Schultze, H.-P. & Wilson, M.V.H. Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts. München, Germany : Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil 480 pp.

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp.

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576.

Common Name References

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1888] (FAO) (Slickheads)

Whitley, G.P. 1966. Marine Fishes of Australia. Brisbane : Jacaranda Press Vol. 1 pp. 1-142. [16] (Baldfishes)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus Risso, A. 1820. Mémoire sur un nouveau genre de poisson mommé Alépocéhale vivant dans les grandes profondeurs de la Mer de Nice. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino 25: 270-272 pl. 10(4) [270].

  Type species:

   Alepocephalus rostratus Risso, 1820 by monotypy.

Introduction

Alepocephalus productus has been recorded from New Zealand and the Norfolk Ridge (Williams & Stewart 2015), but there are no confirmed records from Australia.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14), Central Eastern Transition (15), Northeast Province (18), Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Other Regions

Coral Sea Islands Territory

General References

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp.

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576.

History of changes

• Bathytroctes antipodianus Parrott, A.W. 1948. Studies in New Zealand fishes. Records of the Canterbury Museum 5: 137-160 [143, pl. 31].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, Kaikoura, New Zealand.

Generic Combinations

• Alepocephalus antipodianus (Parrott, 1948). —
  Sazonov, Y.I. & Ivanov, A.N. 1980. Slickheads (Alepocephalidae and Leptochilichthyidae) from thalassobathyal zone of the Indian Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Moskva 110: 7-104 figs 1-25 [in Russian] [52 (Fig. 17)] (changed combination cited, and page 54 in key)
  Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Alepocephalus cf. antipodianus. —
  CAAB 2012. Taxon report for Alepocephalus cf antipodianus. http://www.marine.csiro.au/caab/caabsearch-frames.htm
• Alepocephalus cf productus Gill, 1890. —
  Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. 1996. Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35º). Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 135-155 [146]
  CAAB 2012. Taxon report for Alepocephalus cf antipodianus. http://www.marine.csiro.au/caab/caabsearch-frames.htm

Introduction

Although Yuri Sazonov had identified material in the CSIRO National Fish Collection in Hobart as Alepocephalus cf antipodianus, Williams & Sazonov (2008) treated the species as A. antipodianus. Records of this species in Australia may represent more than one species. There is frequent confusion between A. antipodianus and A. asperifrons and they are currently considered as a species complex (Williams & Stewart 2015).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

East of Broken Bay, NSW (33°27'S, 152°09'E) to west of Shark Bay, WA (25°52'S, 111°27'E), also Lord Howe Plateau and Norfolk Ridge, Tasman Sea; circumglobal

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14), Norfolk Island Province (21), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

820-1360 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [385]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [202]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [359]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Antipodean Slickhead)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus australis Barnard, K.H. 1923. Diagnoses of new species of marine fishes from South African waters. Annals of the South African Museum 13(8): 439-444 [440].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) BMNH 1927.12.6.3 (depth 630 fathoms [1152 m]), off Cape Point, South Africa; SAM 12714, off Cape Point, South Africa; SAM 12715-16, off Cape Point, South Africa; SAM 13097, off Cape Point, South Africa.

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Alepocephalus sp. 2 [Alepocephalus sp. 2 reidentified to A. australis by Sazonov]. —
  CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research 2012. CAAB Codes for Australian Aquatic Biota. http://www.marine.csiro.au/caab/caabsearch-frames.htm

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

East of Terrigal, NSW (33°29'S) to northwest of Cape Leeuwin, WA (33°16'S, 114°13'E), also Lord Howe Rise and Norfolk Ridge; temperate, mostly southern circumglobal

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14), Norfolk Island Province (21), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

690-1725 m.

General References

Flynn, A.J. & Pogonoski, J.J. 2012. Guide to Mesopelagic Fishes of the Southern Tasman Sea. Hobart, Australia : CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research i-v + 221 pp. [40]

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [385]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [203]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [360]

Common Name References

FAO-FIES 2015. Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. 13/04/2015. http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (Small Scaled Brown Slickhead)

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Small Scaled Brown Slickhead)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Smallscale Slickhead)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus bicolor Alcock, A. 1891. Class Pisces. In, II. – Natural history notes from H. M. Indian marine survey steamer Investigator, Commander R.F. Hoskyn, R.N., commanding.–Series II., No. 1. On the results of deep-sea dredging during the season 1890-91. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6 8(43, 44): 16-34, 119-138 figs 1-5 pls 7-8 [133].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) BMNH 1891.9.2.4 (depth 240-276 fathoms; formerly ZSI F13082), Bay of Bengal [15°57´N, 81°31´E]; ZSI 13078-81, Bay of Bengal [15°57´N, 81°31´E]; ZSI 13083, Bay of Bengal [15°57´N, 81°31´E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northwest of Monte Bello Islands (20°15'S, 114°50'E) to southwest of Imperieuse Reef, Rowley Shoals (18°05'S, 118°09'E), WA; tropical, east-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4)

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

400-1120 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [385]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [209]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Bicolor Slickhead)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus longiceps Lloyd, R.T. 1909. A description of the deep sea fish caught by the R.I.M.S. ship Investigator since the year 1900, with supposed evidence of mutation in Malthopsis. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 2(3): 139-180 figs 1-8 pls 44-50 [147, pl. 44].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZSI 2374/1 (depth 693 fathoms), Bay of Bengal.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

East of Townsville, QLD (18º45'S, 150º32'E) to off Sydney, NSW (33º42'S, 152°03'E); tropical, southeast-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12), Central Eastern Transition (15), Northeast Province (18)

Other Regions

Coral Sea Islands Territory

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

900-1500 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [386]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Longfin Slickhead)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus longirostris Okamura, O. & Kawanishi, I. in Okamura, O. & Kitajima, T. (eds) 1984. Fishes of the Okinawa Trench and Adjacent Waters. I. Tokyo : Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association 414 pp. 8 figs 205 pls. [115, pl. 77].

  Type data:

   Holotype BSKU 26374 (depth 1000-1140 m), East China Sea [26°21.1´N, 124°50.7´E].
  Paratype(s) BSKU 26373; BSKU 26375.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

East of Newcastle, NSW (32º54´S, 152°47'E), also north of Norfolk Island, Tasman Sea; temperate, west Pacific (New Caledonia).

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12), Norfolk Island Province (21)

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1000-1300 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [386]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Longsnout Slickhead)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus owstoni Tanaka, S. 1908. Notes on some Japanese fishes with descriptions of fourteen new species. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo 23(7): 1-54 figs 1-4 [27, pl. 1(fig. 6)].

  Type data:

   Holotype FMNH 89529, off Okinose, Sagami Sea, Japan.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

West of Houtman Abrolhos Islands (28º30´S, 112º55'E) to northwest of Exmouth Gulf (20º54´S, 112º53'E), WA, also Lord Howe Rise northeast of Middleton Reef; tropical, Indo-Pacific.

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

800-1530 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [386]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Owston's Slickhead)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus triangularis Okamura, O. & Kawanishi, I. in Okamura, O. & Kitajima, T. (eds) 1984. Fishes of the Okinawa Trench and Adjacent Waters. I. Tokyo : Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association 414 pp. 8 figs 205 pls. [119, pl. 78].

  Type data:

   Holotype BSKU 26372 (depth 1000-1140 m), Okinawa Trough [26°21´N, 124°50.7´E].
  Paratype(s) BSKU 26382; BSKU 26483-85 (3 specimens); BSKU 26694; BSKU 26798; BSKU 26802-03 (2 specimens); BSKU 26805; BSKU 28126-27 (2 specimens).

Distribution

States

Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

South of Cape Leeuwin (35º04´S, 114º47'E) to NW of North West Cape (20º17´S, 113º13'E), WA, and E of Townsville, QLD (18º45´S, 150º32'E); tropical, east-Indo-west Pacific

IMCRA

Northeast Province (18), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7)

Other Regions

Coral Sea Islands Territory

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

913-1277 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [386]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Triangulate Slickhead)

History of changes

• Asquamiceps Zugmayer, E. 1911. Diagnoses des poissons nouveaux provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse Alice (1901 à 1910). Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique Monaco 193: 1-14 [2].

  Type species:

   Asquamiceps velaris Zugmayer, 1911 by original designation.

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

ALEPOCEPHALIDAE: Asquamiceps longmani Fowler, 1934 — Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [386]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Temperate, Atlantic-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5)

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [386]

Markle, D. F. 1980. A new species and review of the deep-sea fish genus Asquamiceps (Salmoniformes, Alepocephalidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 30(1): 45-53

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [210] (as Asquamiceps longmani)

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

History of changes

• Asquamiceps caeruleus Markle, D. F. 1980. A new species and review of the deep-sea fish genus Asquamiceps (Salmoniformes, Alepocephalidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 30(1): 45-53 [47].

  Type data:

   Holotype ISH 513-1975 (depth 0-2000 m), Northeastern Atlantic [14°11'N, 18°28'W].
  Paratype(s) ISH 1652-1971 (3 specimens); ISH 2059-1971; ISH 2659-1971; ISH 2864-1971; USNM 214938.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Here included as the species has been recorded from the continental slope off Exmouth, WA (16°54'S, 114°53'E) (A. Williams, CSIRO, pers comm); circumglobal.

IMCRA

Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1640-2000 m.

General References

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

History of changes

• Alepocephalus hjorti Koefoed, E. 1927. Fishes from the Michael Sars North Atlantic deep sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep Sea Expedition 4(1): 1-148 [43, pl. 3(7)].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMUB 3335 (depth 2615-2865 m), North Atlantic [34°59´N, 33°01´W].

Generic Combinations

• Asquamiceps hjorti (Koefoed, 1927). —
  Parr, A.E. 1954. Review of the deep-sea fishes of the genus Asquamiceps Zugmayer, with descriptions of two new species. American Museum Novitates 1655: 1-8 [1] (changed combination cited)

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Asquamiceps longmani Fowler, 1934. —
  Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [210] (a misidentification)

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Off Cape Hawke (32°05'S, 153°10'E) to off Ulladulla (35°30'S, 150°51'E) NSW; temperate, Atlantic-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12)

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

800-1500 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [386]

Markle, D. F. 1980. A new species and review of the deep-sea fish genus Asquamiceps (Salmoniformes, Alepocephalidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 30(1): 45-53 [46, 51]

Parr, A.E. 1954. Review of the deep-sea fishes of the genus Asquamiceps Zugmayer, with descriptions of two new species. American Museum Novitates 1655: 1-8

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [210] (as Asquamiceps longmani)

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1892]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [362]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Barethroat Slickhead)

History of changes

• Aulastomatomorpha Alcock, A.W. 1890. Natural history notes from H.M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer Investigator, Commander R.F. Hoskyn R.N., commanding. — No. 18. On the bathybial fishes of the Arabian Sea, obtained during season 1889–90. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6 6(34): 295-311 [307].

  Type species:

   Aulastomatomorpha phospherops Alcock, 1890 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Tropical, Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Northeast Transition (19)

History of changes

• Aulastomatomorpha phospherops Alcock, A.W. 1890. Natural history notes from H.M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer Investigator, Commander R.F. Hoskyn R.N., commanding. — No. 18. On the bathybial fishes of the Arabian Sea, obtained during season 1889–90. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6 6(34): 295-311 [307].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZSI F12872 (depth 1000 fathoms), off Elicapeni Bank, Laccadive Sea [11°12´47"N, 74°25´30"E].

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Known from very few specimens, one collected from the Coral Sea east of Port Douglas, QLD (16º28'S, 146º47'E); tropical, Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Northeast Transition (19)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Bathyal, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1700-2000 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [387]

Markle, D.F. & Sazonov, Y.I. 1996. Review of the rare, deep-sea genus, Aulastomatomorpha (Teleostei: Salmoniformes), with a discussion of relationships. Copeia 1996(2): 497-500 [498]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Luminous Slickhead)

History of changes

• Bajacalifornia Townsend, C.H. & Nichols, J.T. 1925. Deep sea fishes of the 'Albatross' Lower California expedition. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 52(1): 1-20 pls 1-4 [8].

  Type species:

   Bajacalifornia burragei Townsend & Nichols, 1925 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Tropical, temperate, circumglobal.

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5)

General References

Markle, D.F. & Krefft, G. 1985. A new species and review of Bajacalifornia (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) with comments on the hook jaw of Narcetes stomias. Copeia 1985(2): 345-356

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36

History of changes

• Bajacalifornia arcylepis Markle, D.F. & Krefft, G. 1985. A new species and review of Bajacalifornia (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) with comments on the hook jaw of Narcetes stomias. Copeia 1985(2): 345-356 [348, fig. 4a].

  Type data:

   Holotype ISH 1619/79 (depth 0-2000 m), Atlantic Ocean [27°38´–27°43´N, 52°22´–52°20´W].
  Paratype(s) ISH 514/74.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northwest edge of Exmouth Plateau, WA (16º54'S, 114º53'E); tropical, discontinuous (Atlantic and Indian Oceans).

IMCRA

Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1640-2000 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [387]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [12]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Network Slickhead)

History of changes

• Bathytroctes calcaratus Weber, M. 1913. Die Fische der Siboga-Expedition. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 57: 1-710 123 figs 12 pls [11, pl. 4(figs 5-5a)].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMA 112612-13, Makassar Strait, Sulawesi, Indonesia [0°36.5´S, 119°29.5´E].

Generic Combinations

• Bajacalifornia calcarata (Weber, 1913). —
  Parr, A.E. 1952. Revision of the species currently referred to Alepocephalus, Halisauriceps, Bathytroctes and Bajacalifornia with introduction of two new genera. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 107(4): 255-269 [265] (changed combination, in key)

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northwest of Point Cloates, WA (22º27'S, 113º13'E); tropical, Atlantic Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Central Western Transition (5)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

560-1080 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [387]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Markle, D.F. & Krefft, G. 1985. A new species and review of Bajacalifornia (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) with comments on the hook jaw of Narcetes stomias. Copeia 1985(2): 345-356 [345]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [12]

Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. 1996. Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35º). Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 135-155 [146]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Web 2004. Fishbase. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary., Fishbase) (Brown Slickhead)

History of changes

• Cyclothone megalops Lütken, C.F. 1898. The ichthyological results. Danish Ingolf Expedition, II. Copenhagen. Ingolf Exped. 215-254 pp. [10, pl. 4(1)].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMUC uncatalogued (depth 1040 fathoms), between Iceland and Greenland [64°38´N, 32°37´W].

Generic Combinations

• Bajacalifornia megalops (Lütken, 1898). —
  Markle, D.F. & Krefft, G. 1985. A new species and review of Bajacalifornia (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) with comments on the hook jaw of Narcetes stomias. Copeia 1985(2): 345-356 [351] (changed combination with resurrection of species name)

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

East of Sydney, NSW (33°45'S, 152°24'E), NSW; temperate, circumglobal.

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12)

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1000-2000 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [387]

Markle, D.F. 1986. Family No. 64: Alepocephalidae & Family No. 66: Leptochilichthyidae. pp. 218-226 in Smith, M.M. & Heemstra, P.C. (eds). Smith's Sea Fishes. Johannesburg : Macmillan South Africa xx + 1047 pp. 144 pls. [219]

Markle, D.F. & Krefft, G. 1985. A new species and review of Bajacalifornia (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) with comments on the hook jaw of Narcetes stomias. Copeia 1985(2): 345-356 [351]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [13]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [363]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Bigeye Smooth-head)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Bigeye Slickhead)

History of changes

• Bathyprion Marshall, N. B. 1966. Bathyprion danae a new genus and species of alepocephaliform fishes. Dana Reports 68: 1-10 [4].

  Type species:

   Bathyprion danae Marshall, 1966 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Temperate, Atlantic, Pacific.

IMCRA

Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14)

General References

Markle, D.F. 1986. Family No. 64: Alepocephalidae & Family No. 66: Leptochilichthyidae. pp. 218-226 in Smith, M.M. & Heemstra, P.C. (eds). Smith's Sea Fishes. Johannesburg : Macmillan South Africa xx + 1047 pp. 144 pls. [220]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1891]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [13]

History of changes

• Bathyprion danae Marshall, N. B. 1966. Bathyprion danae a new genus and species of alepocephaliform fishes. Dana Reports 68: 1-10 [4].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMUC P1785 (depth 2500 m), Australia [33°26'S, 157°02'E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Holotype collected from the Tasman Sea, southwest of Lord Howe Island (33°26'S, 157°02'E); temperate, Atlantic, Pacific.

IMCRA

Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14)

Ecological Descriptors

Bathypelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

2000-2500 m.

General References

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [14]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Fangtooth Slickhead)

History of changes

• Bathytroctes Günther, A. 1878. Preliminary notices of deep-sea fishes collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5 2(2, 22, 28): 17-28, 179-187, 248-251 [249].

  Type species:

   Bathytroctes microlepis Günther, 1878 by subsequent designation, see Jordan, D.S. 1919. The genera of fishes. Part 3. Stanford University Publications, University Series 39: 285-410 [395].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Tropical, circumglobal.

IMCRA

Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5)

General References

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36

History of changes

• Bathytroctes squamosus Alcock, A.W. 1890. Natural history notes from H.M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer Investigator, Commander R.F. Hoskyn R.N., commanding. — No. 18. On the bathybial fishes of the Arabian Sea, obtained during season 1889–90. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6 6(34): 295-311 [303].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZSI F12869 (depth 740 fathoms), about 75 miles west of Goa coast, Laccadive Sea [15°02´N, 72°34´E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

West of Cape Cuvier (24º00'S, 111º54'E) to west of the Montebello Islands WA (20º16´S, 113º13'E); tropical, Indian.

IMCRA

Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1018-1530 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [387]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Markle, D.F. 1986. Family No. 64: Alepocephalidae & Family No. 66: Leptochilichthyidae. pp. 218-226 in Smith, M.M. & Heemstra, P.C. (eds). Smith's Sea Fishes. Johannesburg : Macmillan South Africa xx + 1047 pp. 144 pls. [220]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [32]

Sazonov, Yu.I. 1999. On the revision of the genus Bathytroctes Günther (Alepocephalidae): A review of the abyssobenthopelagic forms (previously referred to the genus Nomoctes), with a description of two new species. Journal of Ichthyology 39(9): 699-712 [737]

Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. 1996. Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35º). Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 135-155 [146]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Deepscale Slickhead)

History of changes

• Bathytroctes zugmayeri Fowler, H.W. 1934. Descriptions of new fishes obtained in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 85: 233-367 figs 1-115 [250, fig. 13].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 92330 (depth 805 fathoms), Gulf of Boni, Sulawesi, Indonesia [3°42´00"S, 120°45´50"E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Off Exmouth Plateau (16º55´S, 114º53'E), WA; tropical, Atlantic-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1600-2194 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [388]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [33]

Sazonov, Yu.I. 1999. On the revision of the genus Bathytroctes Günther (Alepocephalidae): A review of the abyssobenthopelagic forms (previously referred to the genus Nomoctes), with a description of two new species. Journal of Ichthyology 39(9): 699-712 [737]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Zugmayer's Slickhead)

History of changes

• Conocara Goode, G.B. & Bean, T.H. 1896. Oceanic ichthyology. Special Bulletin. United States National Museum 2: 1-553 pls 1-123 [dated 1895] [39].

  Type species:

   Conocara mcdonaldi Goode & Bean, 1896 by subsequent designation, see Jordan, D.S. 1920. The genera of fishes. Part 4. Stanford University Publications, University Series 43: 411-576 [467].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Tropical, circumglobal.

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14), Cape Province (20), Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5)

General References

Sazonov, Y.I., Williams, A. & Kobyliansky, S.G. 2009. Review of fish of the fish genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia and description of a new species C. paxtoni sp. nova. Journal of Ichthyology 49(10): 852-860

History of changes

• Conocara kreffti Sazonov, Y.I. 1997. A new species of the genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the Indo-Pacific. Voprosy Ikhtiologii 37(6): 785-790 [in Russian, English transl. in J. Ichthyol. 37(9): 749–753] [785, fig.].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMM P-16998 (depth 1150 meters), south-eastern Indian Ocean [28°13.6´S, 98°28.6´E].
  Paratype(s) ZMM P-16992-94 (P-16992, 5 specimens; P-16993, 2 specimens; P-16994, 2 specimens); ZMM P-16996-97 (P-16996, 4 specimens; P-16997 5 specimens); ZMM P-16999-17001 (P-16999, 1 specimen; P-17000, 5 specimens; P-17001, 3 specimens).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northern Exmouth Plateau, WA (16º55´S, 114º53'E), Lord How Rise northeast of Middleton Reef (28º30'S, 161º15'E), and Norfolk Ridge south of Norfolk Island (32º38'S, 167º50'E); tropical, Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14), Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1300-2000 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [388]

Sazonov, Y.I., Williams, A. & Kobyliansky, S.G. 2009. Review of fish of the fish genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia and description of a new species C. paxtoni sp. nova. Journal of Ichthyology 49(10): 852-860 [854]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Wrinkled Slickhead)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus microlepis Lloyd, R.T. 1909. A description of the deep sea fish caught by the R.I.M.S. ship Investigator since the year 1900, with supposed evidence of mutation in Malthopsis. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 2(3): 139-180 figs 1-8 pls 44-50 [146].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) ZSI 931-2/1 (depth 700-600 fathoms), Arabian Sea; ZSI 2375/1, Arabian Sea; ZSI 2391/1, Arabian Sea.

Generic Combinations

• Conocara microlepis (Lloyd, 1909). —
  Markle, D.F. 1981. Alepocephalidae. pp. 1-6 in Fischer, W., Bianchi, G. & Scott, W.B. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic, (Fishing Areas 34, 47 (in part)). Rome : FAO Vol. 3 [var. pag.]. [5] (changed combination)

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northwest of Point Cloates, WA (22º29´S, 113º12'E); tropical, Atlantic-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Central Western Transition (5)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1258 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [388]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Sazonov, Y.I., Williams, A. & Kobyliansky, S.G. 2009. Review of fish of the fish genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia and description of a new species C. paxtoni sp. nova. Journal of Ichthyology 49(10): 852-860 [855]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. 1996. Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35º). Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 135-155 [146]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Elongate Smooth-head)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Elongate Slickhead)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus murrayi Koefoed, E. 1927. Fishes from the Michael Sars North Atlantic deep sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep Sea Expedition 4(1): 1-148 [41].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMUB 3211-12; ZMUB 3211, 1 specimen; ZMUB 3212, 2 specimens (depth 2603 m), North Atlantic [35°46'N, 8°16'W].

Generic Combinations

• Conocara murrayi (Koefoed, 1927). —
  Grey, M. 1956. The distribution of fishes below a depth of 2000 metres. Fieldiana Zoology 36(2): 75-337 fig. 4 [115] (changed combination)

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northern Exmouth Plateau, WA (16°55′ S, 114° 53′ E), and Norfolk Ridge, south of Norfolk Island, Tasman Sea (31°23′ S, 167°52′ E); Atlantic, Indo-southwest Pacific

IMCRA

Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4)

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1600-2000 m.

General References

Sazonov, Y.I., Williams, A. & Kobyliansky, S.G. 2009. Review of fish of the fish genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia and description of a new species C. paxtoni sp. nova. Journal of Ichthyology 49(10): 852-860 [856]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [366]

History of changes

• Alepocephalus niger Günther, A. 1878. Preliminary notices of deep-sea fishes collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5 2(2, 22, 28): 17-28, 179-187, 248-251 [248].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 1887.12.7.231 (depth 1400 fathoms), 75 miles east-south-east of Raine Island, QLD [12°08´S, 145°10´E].

  Type locality references:

  Günther, A. 1887. Report on the deep-sea fishes collected by H.M.S Challenger during the years 1873–1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger 1873–1876, Zoology 22(57): 1-268 figs 1-7 pls 1-66 [224].

Generic Combinations

• Ericara niger (Günther, 1878). —
  Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [388] (changed combination cited)
• Ericara (Whitleyidea) nigra (Günther, 1878). —
  Whitley, G.P. 1964. A survey of Australian Ichthyology. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 89(1): 11-127 [35] (changed combination cited)
• Conocara nigrum (Günther, 1878). —
  Sazonov, Y.I. 1997. A new species of the genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the Indo-Pacific. Voprosy Ikhtiologii 37(6): 785-790 [in Russian, English transl. in J. Ichthyol. 37(9): 749–753] [787] (changed combination)

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Coral Sea southeast of Raine Island, QLD (12°08′ S, 145°10'E); tropical

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Cape Province (20)

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

2560 m.

General References

Günther, A. 1887. Report on the deep-sea fishes collected by H.M.S Challenger during the years 1873–1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger 1873–1876, Zoology 22(57): 1-268 figs 1-7 pls 1-66 [224, Pl. 56 (fig. B)] (as Alepocephalus niger)

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [388]

McCulloch, A.R. 1929. A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part I. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 5: 1–144 [50] (as Alepocephalus niger)

Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [28] (193, as Ericara niger)

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [210] (as Ericara niger)

Sazonov, Y.I. 1997. A new species of the genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the Indo-Pacific. Voprosy Ikhtiologii 37(6): 785-790 [in Russian, English transl. in J. Ichthyol. 37(9): 749–753] [787]

Sazonov, Y.I., Williams, A. & Kobyliansky, S.G. 2009. Review of fish of the fish genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia and description of a new species C. paxtoni sp. nova. Journal of Ichthyology 49(10): 852-860 [858]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Whitley, G.P. 1964. A survey of Australian Ichthyology. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 89(1): 11-127 [35] (269)

Common Name References

Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [28] (Black Dragon)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Flathead Slickhead)

History of changes

• Conocara paxtoni Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2009. Conocara paxtoni Sazonov et Williams species nova. pp. 858-860 in Sazonov, Y.I., Williams, A. & Kobyliansky, S.G. Review of fish of the fish genus Conocara (Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia and description of a new species C. paxtoni sp. nova. Journal of Ichthyology 49(10): 852-860 [858] [genus misspelled Canoocara in main species heading; species misspelled pastoni on p. 852].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM I.29316-002 (depth 2450 m), Tasman Sea, 2450 m [29°42'S, 159°48'E]
  Comment: off Elizabeth & Middleton Reefs, Tasman Sea.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Lord Howe Rise southeast of Middleton Reef, NSW (29º42'S, 159º48'E); Tasman Sea

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

2450 m.

History of changes

• Einara Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21 [10].

  Type species:

   Alepocephalus macrolepis Koefoed, 1927 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12)

History of changes

• Alepocephalus macrolepis Koefoed, E. 1927. Fishes from the Michael Sars North Atlantic deep sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep Sea Expedition 4(1): 1-148 [44, pl. 3(8)].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMUB 3331 (depth about 4000 m), North Atlantic [28°54´N, 24°14´W].

Generic Combinations

• Einara macrolepis (Koefoed, 1927). —
  Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21 [10] (changed combination as type species of genus Einara)

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Off Sydney, NSW (33°51'S, 152°15'E); circumglobal

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12)

Ecological Descriptors

Bathypelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1200-1700 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [388]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Loosescale Smooth-head)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Loosescale Slickhead)

History of changes

• Leptochilichthys Garman, S. 1899. Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross, during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z.L. Tanner, U.S.N., commanding. 26. The fishes. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University 24: 1-431, 98 pls [284].

  Type species:

   Leptochilichthys agassizii Garman, 1899 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal.

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northwest Province (4)

History of changes

• Leptochilichthys microlepis Machida, Y. & Shiogaki, M. 1988. Leptochilichthys microlepis, a new species of the family Leptochilichthyidae, Salmoniformes, from Aomori, northern Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 35(1): 1-6 [1, figs 1-3].

  Type data:

   Holotype BSKU 43810, Pacific, off Aomori Pref., Honshu, Japan [40°54´N, 142°01´E to 40°36´N, 142°13´E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

West of North West Cape (21º54´S, 113°40'E) to west of Barrow Island (20º55´S, 112°52'E), WA; tropical, temperate, disjunct (east-Indo-north-west Pacific (Japan)).

IMCRA

Northwest Province (4)

Ecological Descriptors

Marine, mesopelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

1100-1158 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [389]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [6]

Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. 1996. Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35º). Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 135-155 [146]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Smallscale Smoothhead)

History of changes

• Anomalopterus pinguis Vaillant, L.L. 1886. Considérations sur les poissons des grandes profondeurs, en particulier sur ceux qui appartiennent au sous-ordre des Abdominales. Comptes Rendus (Hebdomadaires) des Séances de l'Academie des Sciences. Série D. Sciences Naturelles 103: 1237-1239 [1239].

  Type data:

   Holotype MNHP 1885-168 (depth 1400 m), off Cape Blanc [Blanco], Morocco.

Generic Combinations

• Anomalopterichthys pinguis (Vaillant, 1886). —
  Whitley, G.P. 1940. The Nomenclator Zoologicus and some new fish names. Australian Naturalist 10(7): 241-243 [242] (changed combination with generic replacement name Anomalopterichthys)
• Leptochilichthys pinguis (Vaillant, 1886). —
  Sazonov, Y.I. & Ivanov, A.N. 1980. Slickheads (Alepocephalidae and Leptochilichthyidae) from thalassobathyal zone of the Indian Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Moskva 110: 7-104 figs 1-25 [in Russian] [12] (changed combination cited)

Distribution

States

Northern Territory

Extra Distribution Information

Recorded from the Arafura Sea just north of Australian EEZ; tropical, circumglobal

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Continental slope, marine, mesopelagic.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [389]

Machida, Y. & Shiogaki, M. 1988. Leptochilichthys microlepis, a new species of the family Leptochilichthyidae, Salmoniformes, from Aomori, northern Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 35(1): 1-6 [1] (report of a specimen from the Arafura Sea)

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [6]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase, FAO) (Vaillant's Smooth-head)

History of changes

• Leptoderma Vaillant, L.L. 1886. Considérations sur les poissons des grandes profondeurs, en particulier sur ceux qui appartiennent au sous-ordre des Abdominales. Comptes Rendus (Hebdomadaires) des Séances de l'Academie des Sciences. Série D. Sciences Naturelles 103: 1237-1239 [1239].

  Type species:

   Leptoderma macrops Vaillant, 1886 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Temperate, east-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8)

History of changes

• Leptoderma affinis Alcock, A.W. 1899. A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Marine Deep-sea Fishes in the Indian Museum, collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey ship Investigator. Calcutta 211 pp. 8 pls 1 map. [182] [derivation apparently from the Latin adjective affinis = adjacent and genus is neuter and correct ending is affine, although often treated as affinis].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZSI F.13197 (depth 753 fathoms), Bay of Bengal, off Kistna coast.

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Leptoderma affinis Alcock, 1899 [common misspelling of species name]. —
  Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Distribution

States

South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Off Fowlers Bay, SA (34°02'S, 131°41'E) to off Rottnest Island, WA (32º20'S, 114º29'E); temperate, east-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1300-1650 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [389]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19] (as affine and cf. affine)

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. 1996. Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35º). Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 135-155 [146]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [202] (as affine)

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [369]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Eel Slickhead)

History of changes

• Mirognathus Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21 [4].

  Type species:

   Mirognathus normani Parr, 1951 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Atlantic, and south-west Pacific

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10)

History of changes

• Mirognathus normani Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21 [4] [spelled normanii on p. 4, but as normani on p. 10].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 1952.4.3.2 (depth 1500-1600 m), South Atlantic [48°26´S, 22°10´W].

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Cascade Plateau off southeast TAS (43º54'S, 150º09'ES); temperate, discontinuous (Atlantic, and south-west Pacific).

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10)

Ecological Descriptors

Bathyal, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1600-2593 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [389]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Last, P.R. 2000. Redescription of the rare slickhead Mirognathus normani (Salmoniformes: Alepocephalidae) with the first record from the western South Pacific. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 34(2): 385-389

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [15]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [370]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Norman's Smooth-head)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Beaked Slickhead)

History of changes

• Narcetes Alcock, A.W. 1890. Natural history notes from H.M. Indian Marine Survey Steamer Investigator, Commander R.F. Hoskyn R.N., commanding. — No. 18. On the bathybial fishes of the Arabian Sea, obtained during season 1889–90. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6 6(34): 295-311 [305].

  Type species:

   Narcetes erimelas Alcock, 1890 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14), Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7)

Other Regions

Heard & McDonald Islands (Aust. Terr.)

General References

Sazonov, Y.I. 1998. A brief review of the genus Narcetes (Alepocephalidae) with a description of the genus type N. erimelas. Voprosy Ikhtiologii 38(7): 448-457 [in Russian, english translation in J. Ichthyol. 38(7):491-500]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36

History of changes

• Narcetes lloydi Fowler, H.W. 1934. Descriptions of new fishes obtained in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 85: 233-367 figs 1-115 [253, fig. 16].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 92335 (depth 565 fathoms), east coast of Luzon, Philippines [13°32´30"N, 123°58´06"E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

West of Mandurah (32º35´S, 114º27'E) to northwest of Port Hedland (18º21´S, 116º51'E), WA, and Norfolk Ridge north and south of Norfolk Island; tropical, Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

750-1350 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [390]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Sazonov, Y.I. 1998. A brief review of the genus Narcetes (Alepocephalidae) with a description of the genus type N. erimelas. Voprosy Ikhtiologii 38(7): 448-457 [in Russian, english translation in J. Ichthyol. 38(7):491-500]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [29]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Lloyd's Slickhead)

History of changes

• Bathytroctes stomias Gilbert, C.H. 1890. Scientific results of explorations by the U.S. Fish Steamer Albatross No. 12. A preliminary report on the fishes collected by the Steamer Albatross on the Pacific coast of North America during the year 1889, with descriptions of twelve new genera and ninety-two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 13(12): 49-126 [53].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 43081 (depth 877 fathoms), off Oregon coast [47°22´N, 125°48´30"W].

Generic Combinations

• Narcetes stomias (Gilbert, 1890). —
  Townsend, C.H. & Nichols, J.T. 1925. Deep sea fishes of the 'Albatross' Lower California expedition. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 52(1): 1-20 pls 1-4 [10] (changed combination)

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

North of the Exmouth Plateau, WA (16º55´S, 114º53'E), also Lord Howe Plateau and North Norfolk Ridge, Tasman Sea, and northwest of Heard and McDonald Islands; circumglobal.

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14), Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3)

Other Regions

Heard & McDonald Islands (Aust. Terr.)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

1200-3200 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [390]

Markle, D.F. 1986. Family No. 64: Alepocephalidae & Family No. 66: Leptochilichthyidae. pp. 218-226 in Smith, M.M. & Heemstra, P.C. (eds). Smith's Sea Fishes. Johannesburg : Macmillan South Africa xx + 1047 pp. 144 pls. [221]

Sazonov, Y.I. 1998. A brief review of the genus Narcetes (Alepocephalidae) with a description of the genus type N. erimelas. Voprosy Ikhtiologii 38(7): 448-457 [in Russian, english translation in J. Ichthyol. 38(7):491-500] [497]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [30]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [371]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Blackhead Salmon)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Blackhead Slickhead)

History of changes

• Photostylus Beebe, W. 1933. Deep-sea isospondylous fishes. Two new genera and four new species. Zoologica (New York) 13(8): 159-167 figs 39-42 [163].

  Type species:

   Photostylus pycnopterus Beebe, 1933 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Circumglobal

IMCRA

Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12)

History of changes

• Photostylus pycnopterus Beebe, W. 1933. Deep-sea isospondylous fishes. Two new genera and four new species. Zoologica (New York) 13(8): 159-167 figs 39-42 [163, fig. 41].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 170959 (depth 0-800 fathoms; formerly NYZS 10217), 9 miles south-east of Nonsuch Island, Bermuda.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

East of Newcastle, NSW (33º04´S, 153º08'E) to east of St Helens, TAS (41º07'S, 152º20'E), also southern Tasman Sea, previously recorded from Northwest Shelf but this was based on a misidentified species of Rouleina; tropical, temperate, circumglobal

IMCRA

Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12)

Ecological Descriptors

Bathypelagic, marine, mesopelagic.

Extra Ecological Information

600-1500 m.

General References

Flynn, A.J. & Pogonoski, J.J. 2012. Guide to Mesopelagic Fishes of the Southern Tasman Sea. Hobart, Australia : CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research i-v + 221 pp. [41]

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [390]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [210]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [15]

Tsukamoto, Y., Aizawa, M. & Okiyama, M. 1992. First record of the alepocephalid fish, Photostylus pycnopterus, from Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 39(3): 255-258

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (Fishbase) (Starry Smooth-head)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Starry Slickhead)

History of changes

• Rouleina Jordan, D.S. 1923. A classification of fishes including families and genera as far as known. Stanford University Publications, University Series 3(2): 77-243 [122].

  Type species:

   Xenodermichthys guentheri Alcock, 1892 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Tropical, temperate, circumglobal.

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14), Central Eastern Transition (15), Kenn Transition (16), Kenn Province (17), Northeast Province (18), Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Other Regions

Coral Sea Islands Territory

General References

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36

History of changes

• Bathytroctes attritus Vaillant, L.L. 1888. Expéditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman pendant les années 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883. Paris : G. Masson 406 pp. 28 pls. [158, pl. 12(2, 2a-c)].

  Type data:

   Lectotype MNHP 1885–0166 (depth 1442 m), the Atlantic, south of the Azores and Cape Verde, Banc d'Arquin.
  Paralectotype(s) MNHP 1885-0169.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Eschmeyer, W.N. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. San Francisco : California Academy of Sciences 2905 pp., 3 vols. [163].

Generic Combinations

• Rouleina attrita (Vaillant, 1888). —
  Parr, A.E. 1951. Preliminary revision of the Alepocephalidae, with the introduction of a new family, Searsidae. American Museum Novitates 1531: 1-21 [13] (changed combination as R. attritus)
  Markle, D.F. 1978. Taxonomy and distribution of Rouleina attrita and Rouleina maderensis (Pisces: Alepocephalidae). Fishery Bulletin of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 76(1): 79-87 [79] (changed combination cited)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

East of Broken Bay, NSW (33°27'S, 152°09'E) to northwest of North West Cape, WA (20º53'S, 112º52'E), WA, also Lord Howe Rise and Norfolk Ridge, Tasman Sea; tropical, temperate, circumglobal.

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14), Norfolk Island Province (21), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

585-1416 m.

General References

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [390]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. [210]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [19]

Sazonov, Yu.I. & Markle, D.F. 1990. Alepocephalidae. pp. 111-114 in Gon, O. & Heemstra, P.C. (eds). Fishes of the Southern Ocean. Grahamstown : J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 462 pp. [114]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [204]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [372]

Common Name References

Fishbase 2004. Fishbase at. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary. (FAO, Fishbase) (Softskin Smooth-head)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Softskin Slickhead)

History of changes

• Rouleina eucla Whitley, G.P. 1940. Illustrations of some Australian fishes. The Australian Zoologist 9(4): 397-428 figs 1-45 pls 30-31 [407].

  Type data:

   Lectotype AM IA.1337, off Eucla, Western Australia.
  Paralectotype(s) AM E.6572-73 (2 specimens); AM E.6575-76 (2 specimens); AM E.6578-79 (2 specimens); AM E.6754 (Lost?); AM IA.1334-37 (4 specimens); AM E.3310.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [20].

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Aleposomus (Rouleina) squamilaterus (Alcock, 1898) [misidentification]. —
  McCulloch, A.R. 1929. A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part I. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 5: 1–144 [50]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Off Townsville, QLD (18º58´S, 150º32'E) to southeast of Esperance, WA (34º41'S, 122º27´E), also Lord Howe Rise; subtropical, temperate, Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14), Central Eastern Transition (15), Kenn Transition (16), Kenn Province (17), Northeast Province (18), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Other Regions

Coral Sea Islands Territory

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

640-1250 m.

General References

Glover, C.J.M. 1994. Families Opisthoproctidae, Alepocephalidae. pp. 241-244 figs 215-218 in Gomon, M.F., Glover, C.J.M. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. Adelaide : State Printer 992 pp. 810 figs. [243] (as R. squamilatera, in part)

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [391]

McCulloch, A.R. 1929. A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part I. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 5: 1–144 [50] (as Aleposomus (Rouleina) squamilaterus, in part, Great Australian Bight)

Paxton, J.R., Hoese, D.F., Allen, G.R. & Hanley, J.E. (eds) 1989. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Pisces: Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 7 665 pp. (as R. squamilatera, in part)

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [21]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [205]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [373]

Common Name References

Glover, C.J.M. 1994. Families Opisthoproctidae, Alepocephalidae. pp. 241-244 figs 215-218 in Gomon, M.F., Glover, C.J.M. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. Adelaide : State Printer 992 pp. 810 figs. [243] (as Rouleina squamilatera) (Eucla Slickhead)

Gomon, M.F., Glover, C.J.M. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds) 1994. The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. Adelaide : State Printer 992 pp. 810 figs. [243] (Sparkling Slickhead)

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Eucla Slickhead)

Whitley, G.P. 1966. Marine Fishes of Australia. Brisbane : Jacaranda Press Vol. 1 pp. 1-142. [16] (Baldfish)

History of changes

• Xenodermichthys guentheri Alcock, A.W. 1892. Natural history notes from H.M. Indian marine survey steamer `Investigator,' Lieut. G.S. Gunn, R.N., commanding.— Series II, No. 5. On the bathybial fishes collected during the season of 1891-92. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6 10(59): 345-365 pl. 18 [359, pl. 18(fig. 3)].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZSI F.13193 (depth 678 fathoms), Bay of Bengal [15°43´30"N, 81°19´30"E].

Generic Combinations

• Rouleina guentheri (Alcock, 1892). —
  Jordan, D.S. 1923. A classification of fishes including families and genera as far as known. Stanford University Publications, University Series 3(2): 77-243 [122] (changed combination as type species for genus Rouleina)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

East of Wallis Lake, NSW (32°24'S, 153°00'E) to northwest of Port Hedland, WA (18º40´S, 116°30'E) including TAS, also Lord Howe Rise, and recorded from Norfolk Ridge just south of Australian EEZ; tropical, temperate, east-Indo-west Pacific.

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Tasman Basin Province (13), Lord Howe Province (14), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southwest Transition (7), Southern Province (8), West Tasmania Transition (9)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Benthopelagic, continental slope, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

650-1050 m.

General References

Flynn, A.J. & Pogonoski, J.J. 2012. Guide to Mesopelagic Fishes of the Southern Tasman Sea. Hobart, Australia : CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research i-v + 221 pp. [42]

Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Gates, J.E. 2006. Alepocephalidae. pp. 384-393 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [391]

Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [19]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Markle, D.F. 1999. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 1888-1893 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 3 pp. 1397-2068. [1893]

Sazonov, Y.I. & Williams, A. 2001. A review of the alepocephalid fishes (Argentiniformes, Alepocephalidae) from the continental slope of Australia: Part I. Journal of Ichthyology 41(suppl. 1): 1-36 [S12]

Williams, A., Last, P.R., Gomon, M.F. & Paxton, J.R. 1996. Species composition and checklist of the demersal ichthyofauna of the continental slope off Western Australia (20–35º). Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 135-155 [146]

Williams, A. & Sazonov, Y.I. 2008. Family Alepocephalidae and Platytroctidae. pp. 201-210 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [205]

Williams, A. & Stewart, A.L. 2015. Family Alepocephalidae. pp. 354-376 in Roberts, C.D., Stewart, A.L. & Struthers, C.D. The Fishes of New Zealand. Wellington : Te Papa Press Vol. 2 pp. 1-576. [374]

Common Name References

Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Bordello Slickhead)

History of changes

• Rouleina maderensis Maul, G.E. 1948. Monografia dos peixes do Museu Municipal do Funchal. Ordem Isospondyli. Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal 3(5): 5-41 [7, fig. 1].

  Type data:

   Holotype MMF 2398, off Madeira.
  Paratype(s) ANSP 105306; MMF 50; MMF 2395-2397 (3 specimens); MMF 2699; MMF 2745.