History of changes

Introduction

Although bats of this family occur throughout most of the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, in Australia the family is represented only by species of the genera Taphazous and Saccolaimus.

The family is characterised by well-developed postorbital processes and premaxillae represented only by two nasal portions which are not fused either with the maxillae or each other. The greater tuberosity of the humerus does not articulate with the scapula. The ears include a tragus. The tail perforates the dorsal surface of the interfemoral membrane anterior to the trailing edge of the membrane and the peculiar association between these two structures is such that the surface area of the membrane supported by the tail can be varied. The facial area of emballonurids is rather sharp in appearance, the eyes are conspicuous and the nose lacks foliaceous adornment.

Varyingly social, roosts include a wide array of sites. All species are insectivorous. While neither migration nor hibernation are confirmed among Australian emballonurids, their range extends into temperate areas where either one or both activities could exist.

General References

Kitchener, D.J. 1989. Emballonuridae. pp. 845-851 in Walton, D.W. & Richardson, B.J. (eds). Fauna of Australia. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 1B 827 pp.

History of changes

• Saccolaimus Temminck, C.J. 1838. Over de geslachten Taphozous, Emballonura, Urocryptus en Diclidurus. Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie 5: 1-34 pl. 1 [3, 6] [Saccolaimus Temminck, 1838 satisfies the provisions for availability specified in ICZN Art. 11(d)].

  Type species:

   Taphozous saccolaimus Temminck, 1838 by absolute tautonymy.
• Taphonycteris Dobson, G.E. 1876. A monograph of the genus Taphozous Geoff. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 546-556 [publication date established from Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1853–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84 [73]] [548, 555] [originally proposed as a subgenus of Taphozous Geoffroy, 1813].

  Type species:

   Taphozous saccolaimus Temminck, 1838 by subsequent designation, see Iredale, T. & Troughton, E. le G. 1934. A check-list of the mammals recorded from Australia. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 6: i-xii 1-122.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

The Indo-Malayan Region.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Bulloo River basin, Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Northern Territory: Lake Eyre basin, N Gulf, N coastal, W plateau
  • Queensland: Bulloo River basin, Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
  • South Australia: Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, S Gulfs, SE coastal, W plateau
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Western Australia: N coastal, NW coastal, W plateau

Oriental Region

Distribution References

History of changes

• Taphozous flaviventris Peters, W. 1867. On Taphozous flaviventris, Gould, a new species of bat from Australia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 430 [publication date established from Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1853–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84 [72]].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM 137 (Palmer Register) ♂ skin (wet) & skull, Northern Territory.

  Type locality references:

  Waterhouse, F.G. 1876. The fauna of South Australia. pp. 281-296 in Harcus, W. (ed.). South Australia: Its History, Resources and Productions. London : Sampson, Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington. [283]; Troughton, E. le G. 1925. A revision of the genera Taphozous and Saccolaimus (Chiroptera) in Australia and New Guinea, including a new species, and a note on two Malayan forms. Records of the Australian Museum 14: 313-341 pls 47-48 [318, 320-321].
• Taphozous hargravei Ramsay, E.P. 1876. Description of a supposed new species of bat, from Stanwell, near Bulli, N.S.W. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 1: 81-82 [publication date established from Fletcher, J.J. 1896. On the dates of publication of the early volumes of the Society's Proceedings. Proc. Linn. Soc. NSW 2 10: 533–536 [535]] [81].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM M2349 ♀ skin (skull extracted not found in AM), 'Stanwell' (?=Stanwell Park), NSW.
• Taphozous affinis insignis Leche, W. 1884. On some species of Chiroptera from Australia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1884: 49-54 [publication date established from Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1853–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84 [74]] [51].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM ZI181 ♂ (not found), 'South Australia'.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Troughton, E. le G. 1925. A revision of the genera Taphozous and Saccolaimus (Chiroptera) in Australia and New Guinea, including a new species, and a note on two Malayan forms. Records of the Australian Museum 14: 313-341 pls 47-48 [315-316]

Generic Combinations

• Saccolaimus flaviventris (Peters, 1867).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Migratory, predator, tree holes, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Hibernates*, usually solitary, forages above canopy but foraging height varies with cover.

General References

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1987. Breeding in the Australian Yellow-bellied Sheath-tailed Bat, Saccolaimus flaviventris (Peters, 1867) (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 13: 241-248

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1991. A systematic revision of Australian Emballonuridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Records of the Western Australian Museum 15: 203-265

Friend, G.R. & Braithwaite, R.W. 1986. Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 9: 43-52

Hall, L.S. & Gordon, G. 1982. The throat-pouch of the Yellow-bellied Bat, Taphozous flaviventris. Mammalia 46: 247-252 pls 3-4

Lumsden, L.F. & Bennett, A.F. 1995. Bats of a semi-arid environment in south-eastern Australia: Biogeography, ecology and conservation. Wildlife Research 22: 217-240

Oliveira, M.C. de 1998. Towards standardized descriptions of the echolocation calls of microchiropteran bats: pulse design terminology for seventeen species from Queensland. The Australian Zoologist 30: 405-411

Rhodes, M.P. & Hall, L.S. 1997. Observations on yellow-bellied sheath-tailed bats Saccoliamus flaviventris (Peters, 1867) (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae). The Australian Zoologist 30: 351-357

Richards, G.C. 1995. Yellow-bellied Sheathtail-bat Saccolaimus flaviventris. 467 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Vestjens, W.J.M. & Hall, L.S. 1977. Stomach contents of forty-two species of bats from the Australasian region. Australian Wildlife Research 4: 25-35

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Yellow-bellied Sheathtail-bat)

History of changes

• Saccolaimus mixtus Troughton, E. le G. 1925. A revision of the genera Taphozous and Saccolaimus (Chiroptera) in Australia and New Guinea, including a new species, and a note on two Malayan forms. Records of the Australian Museum 14: 313-341 pls 47-48 [322].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM A3257 ♂ skin (wet) (skull not extracted), Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

Generic Combinations

• Taphozous mixtus (Troughton, 1925).

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Northern tip of Cape York Peninsula

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, coastal, predator, tall open forest, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Forages above canopy.

General References

Bonaccorso, F.J. 1998. Bats of Papua New Guinea. Washington D.C. : Conservation International.

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1991. A systematic revision of Australian Emballonuridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Records of the Western Australian Museum 15: 203-265

Coles, R.B. & Lumsden, L. 1993. Report on the survey of bats in the heathland area of Cape York Peninsula. pp. 247-259 in Feeney, P. (ed.). Cape York Peninsula Scientific Expedition Report: Wet Season 1992. Brisbane : Royal Geographic Society of Queensland Vol. 2(4).

Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. & Koeppl, J.W. (eds) 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Lawrence, Kansas : Allen Press & Assoc. Syst. Coll. ix 694 pp.

Laurie, E.M.O. & Hill, J.E. 1954. List of Land Mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and Adjacent Islands 1758–1952. London : British Museum 175 pp. 3 pls.

Richards, G.C. & Thomson, B. 1995. Papuan Sheathtail-bat Saccolaimus mixtus. pp. 468-469 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Ziegler, A.C. 1982. An ecological check-list of New Guinea Recent mammals. pp. 863-894 in Gressitt, J.L. (ed.). Biogeography and Ecology of New Guinea. The Hague & London : W. Junk Vol. 2(4) vii 983 pp.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Papuan Sheathtail-bat)

History of changes

Introduction

Taxonomy of Australian populations still unresolved (Woinarski et al. 2014). Milne et al. (2009) found many misidentifications among museum specimens and recommend "… genetic testing of all museum specimens of Australian Saccolaimus to clarify species’ distributions [...] for both S. saccolaimus and S. flaviventris". Jackson & Groves (2015) stated that the validity of the subspecies warrant further taxonomic investigation.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Cape York south to Townsville and northern Arnhem Land

IBRA

NT, Qld: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Arnhem (CA), Daly Basin (DAB), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), NSW North Coast (NNC), Pine Creek (PCK), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW) ; NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, closed forest, coastal, gregarious, predator, treeholes, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Roosts also include a variety of man-made structures.

General References

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1991. A systematic revision of Australian Emballonuridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Records of the Western Australian Museum 15: 203-265

Compton, A. & Johnson, P.M. 1983. Observations of the sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous saccolaimus Temminck (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae), in the Townsville region of Queensland. Australian Mammalogy 6: 83-87

Compton, A. & Johnson, P.M. 1983. Observations of the sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous saccolaimus Temminck (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae), in the Townsville region of Queensland. Australian Mammalogy 6: 83-87

Friend, G.R. & Braithwaite, R.W. 1986. Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 9: 43-52

Goodwin, R.E. 1979. The bats of Timor: systematics and ecology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 163: 73-122

Hall, L.S. 1995. Bare-rumped Sheathtail-bat Saccolaimus saccolaimus. pp. 469-470 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. & Koeppl, J.W. (eds) 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Lawrence, Kansas : Allen Press & Assoc. Syst. Coll. ix 694 pp.

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [255]

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48

McKean, J.L., Friend, G.R. & Hertog, A.L. 1981. Occurrence of the sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous saccolaimus in the Northern Territory. Northern Territory Naturalist 1: 20

McKean, J.L. & Hamilton-Smith, E. 1967. Litter size and maternity sites in Australian bats (Chiroptera). Victorian Naturalist 84: 203-206

Milne, D.J., Jackling, F.C., Sidhu, M. & Appleton, B.R. 2009. Shedding new light on old species identifications: morphological and genetic evidence suggest a need for conservation status review of the critically endangered bat, Saccolaimus saccolaimus. Wildlife Research 36(6): 496-508

Stephan, H., Nelson, J.E. & Frahm, H.D. 1981. Brain size comparison in Chiroptera. Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung 19: 195-222

Woinarski, J.C.Z., Burbidge, A.A. & Harrison, P.L. 2014. The Action Plan for Australian Mammals 2012. Melbourne, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 1038 pp. [512]

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Bare-rumped Sheathtail-bat, Naked-rumped Sheathtail-bat)

History of changes

• Taphozous nudicluniatus De Vis, C.W. 1905. Bats. Annals of the Queensland Museum 6: 36-40 [publication date established from Mahoney, J.A. & Ride, W.D.L. 1975. Index to the genera and species of fossil Mammalia described from Australia and New Guinea between 1838 and 1968 (including citations of type species and primary type specimens). Spec. Publ. West. Aust. Mus. 6: 1–250 [157]] [39].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) QM J1947 ♀ skin (wet) & skull, Gowrie Creek, Cardwell, QLD; QM J1948 ♀ skin (wet), skull not extracted, Gowrie Creek, Cardwell, QLD.

Introduction

The taxonomy of the Saccolaimus saccolaimus species complex is still unresolved. Some workers (e.g. Hall et al. 2008) consider a geographic basis to the recognition of two subspecies (S. saccolaimus nudicluniatus in the eastern parts of Australian distribution, and S. saccolaimus saccolaimus in the Northern Territory). Genetic analyses by Milne et al. (2009) could not find significant differences between NT and QLD populations, but as their sample include only Australian material they refrained to assign it to any of the two subspecies. Woinarski et al. (2014) and Jackson & Groves (2015) recognise only S. saccolaimus nudicluniatus as being present in Australia.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, closed forest, coastal, gregarious, predator, treeholes, volant.

General References

Hall, L.S., Thomson, B.G. & Milne. D.J. 2008. Bare-rumped Sheath-tailed Bat Saccolaimus saccolaimus (Temminck, 1838). pp. 475-476 in van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp.

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [255]

Milne, D.J., Jackling, F.C., Sidhu, M. & Appleton, B.R. 2009. Shedding new light on old species identifications: morphological and genetic evidence suggest a need for conservation status review of the critically endangered bat, Saccolaimus saccolaimus. Wildlife Research 36(6): 496-508

Woinarski, J.C.Z., Burbidge, A.A. & Harrison, P.L. 2014. The Action Plan for Australian Mammals 2012. Melbourne, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 1038 pp. [511]

History of changes

• Taphozous saccolaimus Temminck, C.J. 1838. Over de geslachten Taphozous, Emballonura, Urocryptus en Diclidurus. Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie 5: 1-34 pl. 1 [14].

Generic Combinations

• Saccolaimus saccolaimus saccolaimus (Temminck, 1838).

Introduction

The validity of this subspecies is unconfirmed (Jackson & Groves 2015).

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Introduced.

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, closed forest, coastal, gregarious, predator, treeholes, volant.

General References

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [255]

History of changes

• Taphozous Geoffroy [Saint-Hilaire], É. 1813. Description des mammifères qui se trouvent en Égypte. pp. 99-144 in Jomard, E.F. (ed.). Description de l'Égypte, ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont été faites en Égypte pendant l'expédition de l'armée Française. Histoire Naturelle. Paris : l'Imprimerie Impériale Vol. 2(9). [publication date established from Anon. 1838. A Bibliographic Account and Collation of La Description de l'Égypte, presented to the Library of the London Institution, by Sir Thomas Baring, Baronet, President: with a list of the other donations made to that Establishment from April 1837 to April 1838. London : London Institution 89 pp. [35–36], Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, I. 1847. Vie, Travaux et Doctrine Scientifique d'Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. Paris : P. Bertrand 479–1 pl. pp. [425], Flourens, [M.J.P.] 1853. Éloge historique d'Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. Mém. Acad. Sci. Inst. Fr. 23: i-lxxi [xlviii-xliv] (the date Mars 1813 is printed on a separate of Geoffroy's Description des Mammifères qui se trouvent en Égypte preserved in the BMNH Zoology Library), Sherborn, C.D. 1897. On the dates of the Natural History portion of Savigny's 'Description de l'Égypte'. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1897: 285–288 [288] (discusses the BMNH separate, which he calls a proof, when attempting to establish the date of Geoffroy's work)] [113-114, 126-128] [Sherborn, op. cit. p. 288 and Lyon, M.W. 1914. Tadarida Rafinesque versus Nyctinomus Geoffroy. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 27: 217–218 [217] mistakenly attribute the date 1818 to Geoffroy's Description des Mammifères qui se trouvent en Égypt].

  Type species:

   Taphozous perforatus Geoffroy, 1813 by subsequent designation, see Miller, G.S. 1907. The families and genera of bats. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 57: i-xvii 1-282 pls 1-14 [93] (as Taphorzus perforatus Geoffroy).

  Secondary source:

   Lyon, M.W. 1914. Tadarida Rafinesque versus Nyctinomus Geoffroy. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 27: 217-218.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

The Indo-Malayan Region.

IBRA

NT, Qld, SA, WA: Carnarvon (CAR), Gascoyne (GAS) ; NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NT, SA, WA: Channel Country (CHC), Central Ranges (CR), Gibson Desert (GD), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN) ; Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Afrotropical Region

• Ethiopia

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: Lake Eyre basin, N Gulf, N coastal, W plateau
  • Queensland: Lake Eyre basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
  • South Australia: Lake Eyre basin, S Gulfs, W plateau
  • Western Australia: N coastal, NW coastal, W plateau

Oriental Region

Palaearctic Region

Distribution References

History of changes

• Taphozous australis Gould, J. 1854. The Mammals of Australia. London : J. Gould Part 6. [1 unnumbered page of text, 14th pl. of Pt 6] [= Vol. 3 pl. 32].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) BMNH 55.11.7.10 skin & skull, maritime caves in sandstone cliffs, Albany Is., QLD; BMNH 55.11.7.11 skin & skull, maritime caves in sandstone cliffs, Albany Is., QLD.
• Taphozous fumosus De Vis, C.W. 1905. Bats. Annals of the Queensland Museum 6: 36-40 [publication date established from Mahoney, J.A. & Ride, W.D.L. 1975. Index to the genera and species of fossil Mammalia described from Australia and New Guinea between 1838 and 1968 (including citations of type species and primary type specimens). Spec. Publ. West. Aust. Mus. 6: 1–250 [157]] [37].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM J1951 ♂ skin (wet) skull not extracted (included), Gowrie Creek, Cardwell, QLD.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Troughton, E. le G. 1925. A revision of the genera Taphozous and Saccolaimus (Chiroptera) in Australia and New Guinea, including a new species, and a note on two Malayan forms. Records of the Australian Museum 14: 313-341 pls 47-48 [332]

Generic Combinations

• Saccolaimus australis (Gould, 1854).

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Cape York Peninsula and northern portion of NE coastal Qld.

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, coastal, insectivorous, predator, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Roosts also include rock ledges, piled boulders and abandoned structures, solitary or small social aggregations.

General References

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1991. A systematic revision of Australian Emballonuridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Records of the Western Australian Museum 15: 203-265

Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. & Koeppl, J.W. (eds) 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Lawrence, Kansas : Allen Press & Assoc. Syst. Coll. ix 694 pp.

Koopman, K.F. 1982. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 109 Bats from eastern Papua and the east Papuan Islands. American Museum Novitates 2747: 1-34

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48

Kulzer, E., Nelson, J.E., McKean, J.L. & Möhres, F.P. 1970. Untersuchungen über die Temperaturregulation australischer Fledermäuse (Microchiroptera). Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie 69: 426-451

Laurie, E.M.O. & Hill, J.E. 1954. List of Land Mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and Adjacent Islands 1758–1952. London : British Museum 175 pp. 3 pls.

Richards, G.C. 1995. Coastal Sheathtail-bat Taphozous australis. 471 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Stephan, H., Nelson, J.E. & Frahm, H.D. 1981. Brain size comparison in Chiroptera. Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung 19: 195-222

Stephan, H. & Nelson, J.E. 1981. Brains of Australian Chiroptera 1. Encephalization and macromorphology. Australian Journal of Zoology 29: 653-670

Ziegler, A.C. 1982. An ecological check-list of New Guinea Recent mammals. pp. 863-894 in Gressitt, J.L. (ed.). Biogeography and Ecology of New Guinea. The Hague & London : W. Junk Vol. 2(4) vii 983 pp.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (North-eastern Sheathtail-bat)

Clayton, M., Wombey, J.C., Mason, I.J., Chesser, R.T. & Wells, A. 2006. CSIRO List of Australian Vertebrates: A Reference with Conservation Status. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing iv 162 pp. [109] (Coastal Sheathtail-bat)

History of changes

• Taphozous australis georgianus Thomas, O. 1915. Scientific results from the mammal survey. No. XI K.— Notes on Taphozous and Saccolaimus. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 24: 57-63 [62].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 44.2.27.59 ♀ skin (wet) & skull, King George Sound, WA.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• McKean, J.L. & Price, W.J. 1967. Notes on some Chiroptera from Queensland, Australia. Mammalia 31: 101-119 [104]

Generic Combinations

• Saccolaimus georgianus (Thomas, 1915).

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gascoyne (GAS), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, predator, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Roosts also include rock fissures and abandoned mines, feeding preference for Coleoptera, solitary or small aggregations, insectivorous.

General References

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1991. A systematic revision of Australian Emballonuridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Records of the Western Australian Museum 15: 203-265

Fenton, M.B. 1982. Echolocation calls and patterns of hunting and habitat use of bats (Microchiroptera) from Chillagoe, north Queensland. Australian Journal of Zoology 30: 417-425

Friend, G.R. & Braithwaite, R.W. 1986. Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 9: 43-52

Jolly, S. 1988. Vaginal smears and the reproductive cycle of the common sheath-tail bat, Taphozous georgianus (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae). Australian Mammalogy 11: 75-76

Jolly, S. 1990. The biology of the common sheath-tail bat, Taphozous georgianus (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) in central Queensland. Australian Journal of Zoology 38: 65-77

Jolly, S. 1995. Common Sheathtail-bat Taphozous georgianus. pp. 472-474 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Jolly, S.A. 1989. A comparison of two banding methods in the common sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous georgianus. Macroderma 4: 64-66

Jolly, S.E. & Blackshaw, A.W. 1987. Prolonged epididymal storage, and the temporal dissociation of testicular and accessory gland activity in the common sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous georgianus, of tropical Australia. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 81: 205-211

Kitchener, D.J. 1973. Reproduction in the common sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous georgianus (Thomas) (Microchiroptera: Emballonuridae), in Western Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 21: 375-389

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48

Kulzer, E., Nelson, J.E., McKean, J.L. & Möhres, F.P. 1970. Untersuchungen über die Temperaturregulation australischer Fledermäuse (Microchiroptera). Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie 69: 426-451

McKean, J.L. & Hamilton-Smith, E. 1967. Litter size and maternity sites in Australian bats (Chiroptera). Victorian Naturalist 84: 203-206

Vestjens, W.J.M. & Hall, L.S. 1977. Stomach contents of forty-two species of bats from the Australasian region. Australian Wildlife Research 4: 25-35

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Common Sheathtail-bat)

History of changes

• Taphozous hilli Kitchener, D.J. 1980. Taphozous hilli sp. nov. (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae), a new sheath-tailed bat from Western Australia and Northern Territory. Records of the Western Australian Museum 8: 161-169 [162].

  Type data:

   Holotype WAM M18260 ♀ skin (wet) & skull, Marandoo mine site, 4.8 km 180º`from Mt Bruce (22º39´03˜S, 118º08´30˜E), Hamersley Range Natl Park (No. A30082), WA.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, South Australia, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, SA, WA: Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Ranges (CR), Gascoyne (GAS), Gibson Desert (GD), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, insectivorous, predator, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Often found in roosts with T. georgianus, mines.

General References

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1991. A systematic revision of Australian Emballonuridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Records of the Western Australian Museum 15: 203-265

Jones, F.W. 1925. The Mammals of South Australia. Part III. The Monodelphia. Adelaide : Government Printer.

Kitchener, D.J. 1976. Further observations on reproduction in the common sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous georgianus Thomas, 1915 in Western Australia, with notes on the gular pouch. Records of the Western Australian Museum 4: 335-347 (refers to T. hilli)

Kitchener, D.J. 1995. Hill's Sheathtail-bat Taphozous hilli. pp. 474-476 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Hill's Sheathtail-bat)

History of changes

• Taphozous kapalgensis McKean, J.L. & Friend, G.R. 1979. Taphozous kapalgensis, a new species of sheath-tailed bat from the Northern Territory, Australia. Victorian Naturalist 96: 239-241 [239].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANWC CM4800 ♂ skin & skull, 'Kapalga', at the edge of the western flood plain of the South Alligator River, near Rookery Point, NT 12º32´S, 132º23´E.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from northern Arnhem Land.

IBRA

NT: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Pine Creek (PCK), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

Ecological Descriptors

Closed forest, predator, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Roost arboreal*, forage above canopy, insectivorous.

General References

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1991. A systematic revision of Australian Emballonuridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Records of the Western Australian Museum 15: 203-265

Friend, G.R. & Braithwaite, R.W. 1986. Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 9: 43-52

McKean, J. & Thomson, B. 1995. Arnhem Sheathtail-bat Taphozous kapalgensis. pp. 476-477 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Milne, D.J., Reardon, T.B. & Watt, F. 2003. New records for the Arnhem sheathtail bat Taphozous kapalgensis (Chiroptera: Emballonuridae) from voucher specimens and Anabat recordings. Australian Zoologist 32: 439-445

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (White-striped Sheathtail-bat)

Clayton, M., Wombey, J.C., Mason, I.J., Chesser, R.T. & Wells, A. 2006. CSIRO List of Australian Vertebrates: A Reference with Conservation Status. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing iv 162 pp. [109] (Arnhem Sheathtail-bat)

History of changes

• Taphozous troughtoni Tate, G.H.H. 1952. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 66 Mammals of Cape York Peninsula with notes on the occurrence of rain forest in Queensland. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 98: 563-616 [607].

  Type data:

   Holotype AMNH 162708 ♀ skin & skull, Rifle Creek, 10 miles E of Mount Isa, NW Queensland.

  Type locality references:

  Goodwin, G.G. 1953. Catalogue of the type specimens of recent mammals in the American Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 102: 207-411 [242].

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Mount Isa Inlier (MII)

Ecological Descriptors

Volant.

General References

Chimimba, C.T. & Kitchener, D.J. 1991. A systematic revision of Australian Emballonuridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Records of the Western Australian Museum 15: 203-265

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Troughton's Sheathtail-bat)

History of changes

Introduction

This newly established family recognises distinctive nature of the bent-winged bats — Miniopterus (Richards & Reardon in van Dyck & Strahan 2008: 503).

General References

van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. 2008. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp.

History of changes

• Miniopterus Bonaparte, C.L. 1837. Iconografia della Fauna Italica: per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. Tomo 1 Mammiferi e Uccelli. Fasc. XXI (1832–1841). Roma : Tipografia Salviucci. [publication date established from Salvadori, T. 1888. Le date della pubblicazione della 'Iconografia della Fauna Italicien' del Bonaparte ed Indice delle species illustrata in detta opera. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della Reale Università di Torino 3(48): 1–25 [9]; first page (unnumbered) of text entitled Vespertilio ursinii] [originally made available as a subgenus of Vespertilio Linnaeus, 1758;].

  Type species:

   Miniopterus ursinii Bonaparte, 1837 by monotypy.
• Miniopteris Tomes, R.F. 1858. A monograph of the genus Miniopteris. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1858: 115-128 pl. 65 [publication date established from Sclater, P.L. 1893. List of the dates of receipt from the Printers of the sheets of the Society's 'Proceedings' from 1831 to 1859 inclusive. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893: 435–440 [440]] [116] [unjustified emendation of Miniopterus Bonaparte, 1837].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Hickman, G.C. 1981. National mammal guides: a review of references to Recent faunas. Mammal Review 11: 53-85 (lists works giving taxonomic decisions and extralimital synonyms)

Introduction

Following Appleton et al. (2004) and Tian et al. (2004), the distribution of Miniopterus schreibersii is restricted to Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, whereas M. orianae is the taxon recognized in Australasia.

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

VESPERTILIONIDAE: Miniopterus macrodens Maeda, 1982 — Maeda, K. 1982. Studies on the classification of Miniopterus in Eurasia, Australia and Melanesia. Honyurui Kagaku suppl. 1: 1–176. [22-23, 81, 94]; Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48 [23]

MINIOPTERIDAE: Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) — Woinarski, J.C.Z., Burbidge, A.A. & Harrison, P.L. 2014. The Action Plan for Australian Mammals 2012. Melbourne, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 1038 pp.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Africa, S Europe, Asia, SE Asian islands, New Guinea.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Distribution References

General References

Appleton, B.R., McKenzie, J.A. & Christidis, L. 2004. Molecular systematics and biogeography of the bent-wing bat complex Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 31: 431-439

Tian, L., Liang, B., Maeda, K. Metzner, W., & Zhang, S. 2004. Molecular studies on the classification of Miniopterus schreibersii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences. Folia Zoologica 53(3): 303–311

History of changes

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, closed forest, gregarious, open forest, predator, subtropical.

General References

Baker, J.R. & Bird, T.F. 1936. The seasons in a tropical rainforest (New Hebrides).—Part 4. Insectivorous bats (Vespertilionidae and Rhinolophidae). Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 40: 143-161 pl. 4

Dwyer, P.D. 1965. Flight patterns of some eastern Australian bats. Victorian Naturalist 82: 36-41

Dwyer, P.D. 1968. The biology, origin, and adaptation of Miniopterus australis (Chiroptera) in New South Wales. Australian Journal of Zoology 16: 49-68

Dwyer, P.D. 1995. Little Bentwing-bat Miniopterus australis. pp. 492-493 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Hall, L.S. & Richards, G. 2003. Flying around underground: cave bats. pp. 111-126 in Finlayson, B. & Hamilton, E. (eds). Beneath the Surface: A Natural History of Australian Caves. Sydney : UNSW Press.

Hill, J.E. 1983. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Indo-Australia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zool. 45: 103-208

Jones, G. & Corben, C. 1993. Echolocation calls from six species of microchiropteran bats in south-eastern Queensland. Australian Mammalogy 16: 35-38

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48

Kulzer, E., Nelson, J.E., McKean, J.L. & Möhres, F.P. 1970. Untersuchungen über die Temperaturregulation australischer Fledermäuse (Microchiroptera). Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie 69: 426-451

Maeda, K. 1982. Studies on the classification of Miniopterus in Eurasia, Australia and Melanesia. Honyurui Kagaku suppl. 1: 1–176.

Maeda, K. 1984. Geographic and sexual variations of the external and skull characters in bats of the Miniopterus australis group. Journal of the Mammal Society of Japan 10: 9-33

McKean, J.L. & Hamilton-Smith, E. 1967. Litter size and maternity sites in Australian bats (Chiroptera). Victorian Naturalist 84: 203-206

Medway, Lord 1971. Observations of social and reproductive biology of the bent winged Bat Miniopterus australis in Northern Borneo. Journal of Zoology, London 165: 261-273 1 pl.

Oliveira, M.C. de 1998. Towards standardized descriptions of the echolocation calls of microchiropteran bats: pulse design terminology for seventeen species from Queensland. The Australian Zoologist 30: 405-411

Richardson, E.G. 1977. The biology and evolution of the reproductive cycle of Miniopterus schreibersii and M. australis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Journal of Zoology, London 183: 353-375

Stephan, H., Nelson, J.E. & Frahm, H.D. 1981. Brain size comparison in Chiroptera. Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung 19: 195-222

Stephan, H. & Nelson, J.E. 1981. Brains of Australian Chiroptera 1. Encephalization and macromorphology. Australian Journal of Zoology 29: 653-670

Sun, X. in Sun, X. & Marshall, S.A. 2003. Systematics of Phasia Latreille (Diptera: Tachinidae). Zootaxa 276: 1-320

Vestjens, W.J.M. & Hall, L.S. 1977. Stomach contents of forty-two species of bats from the Australasian region. Australian Wildlife Research 4: 25-35

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Little Bentwing-bat)

History of changes

• Miniopteris australis Tomes, R.F. 1858. A monograph of the genus Miniopteris. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1858: 115-128 pl. 65 [publication date established from Sclater, P.L. 1893. List of the dates of receipt from the Printers of the sheets of the Society's 'Proceedings' from 1831 to 1859 inclusive. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893: 435–440 [440]] [125] [as M. Australis].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH 54.5.19.5 ♂ skin (wet) & skull (Tate (1940) identified BMNH 54.5.19.5 as lectotype following the unpublished designation of Oldfield Thomas, typification formalised through publication by Hill (1983), see the latter publication for a detailed discussion.), Îsles Loyauté (as Loyalty Islands).

  Subsequent designation references:

  Tate, G.H.H. 1940. Notes on the types of certain early described species of monotremes, marsupials, Muridae and bats from the Indo-Australian region. American Museum Novitates 1061: 1-10 [9]; Hill, J.E. 1983. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Indo-Australia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zool. 45: 103-208 [171].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

East coast of Australia, primarily from Cape York, QLD, south to about Nowra, NSW

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, closed forest, gregarious, open forest, predator, subtropical.

History of changes

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

East Timor, eastern Indonesia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP) ; NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Kimberley (CK), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Northern Bentwing-bat)

History of changes

• Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii Cardinal, B.R. & Christidis, L. 2000. Mitochondrial DNA and morphology reveal three geographically distinct lineages of the large bentwing bat (Miniopterus schreibersii) in Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 48: 1-19 [13].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA M20377 ♀, Bat Cave-U2, Naracoorte, South Australia.
  Paratype(s) SAMA C31360, C31361 1 ♂, 1 ♀.

Generic Combinations

• Miniopterus orianae bassanii (Cardinal & Christidis, 2000). —
  Churchill, S. 2008. Australian Bats. Sydney : Allen & Unwin 2nd edition, 255 pp. [182]

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Miniopterus macrodens Maeda, 1982 [misidentification]. —
  Maeda, K. 1982. Studies on the classification of Miniopterus in Eurasia, Australia and Melanesia. Honyurui Kagaku suppl. 1: 1–176. [22-23]
  Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48 [23]

Introduction

Maeda (1982) included specimens from South Australia in his description of M. macrodens, a species he stated was larger than M. oceanensis, however Koopman (1984) suggested these were actually large individuals of M. oceanensis based on an extensive series of eastern Australian specimens, particularly those from western VIC. Given the highly disjunct nature of the SA specimens in the distribution of M. macrodens (SE Asia) we refer records of M. macrodens from Australia to this taxon.

Distribution

States

South Australia, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

SA, Vic: Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

General References

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [264]

Common Name References

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [264] (Southern Bent-winged Bat)

History of changes

• Miniopterus oceanensis Maeda, K. 1982. Studies on the classification of Miniopterus in Eurasia, Australia and Melanesia. Honyurui Kagaku suppl. 1: 1–176. [23].

  Type data:

   Holotype Cable Station, Cape York Peninsula, QLD.

Generic Combinations

• Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis (Maeda, 1982). —
  Corbet, G.B. & Hill, J.E. 1992. The Mammals of the Indomalayan Region: A Systematic Review. Oxford : Oxford University Press pp. viii, 488. [146]
• Miniopterus orianae oceanensis (Maeda, 1982). —
  Churchill, S. 2008. Australian Bats. Sydney : Allen & Unwin 2nd edition, 255 pp. [182]

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Miniopterus schreibersii Kuhl, 1817 [a misidentification]. —
  Mahoney, J.A. & Walton, D.W. 1988. Vespertilionidae. pp. 128-145 in Walton, D.W. (ed.). Zoological Catalogue of Australia Volume 5. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 5 x 274 pp. [136] (as junior synonym)

Introduction

Tian et al. (2004) first proposed to recognise Miniopterus orianae oceanensis at species level however the status of this taxon has not been resolved.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, Vic: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [264]

Tian, L., Liang, B., Maeda, K. Metzner, W., & Zhang, S. 2004. Molecular studies on the classification of Miniopterus schreibersii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences. Folia Zoologica 53(3): 303–311

Common Name References

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [264] (Eastern Bent-winged Bat)

History of changes

• Miniopterus orianae Thomas, O. 1922. A new bat of the genus Miniopterus from N. Australia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 9 10: 616-617 [616].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 22.10.8.1 ♂ skin & skull, cave in Kasurina Bay, 17 miles from Darwin, NT sea level, see skin label.

Generic Combinations

• Miniopterus blepotis orianae (Thomas, 1922). —
  Troughton, E.G. 1967. Furred Animals of Australia. Sydney : Angus and Robertson Ninth edition, pp.xxxii, 384, 25 pl. [287]
• Miniopterus schreibersii orianae (Thomas, 1922). —
  Johnson, D.H. 1964. Mammals of the Arnhem Land Expedition. 427-515 pls 1-16 in Specht, R.L. (ed.). Records of the American-Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem Land. Zoology. Parkville : Melbourne University Press Vol. 4 xvii 533 pp. [476]

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Miniopterus schreibersii Kuhl, 1817 [a misidentification]. —
  Mahoney, J.A. & Walton, D.W. 1988. Vespertilionidae. pp. 128-145 in Walton, D.W. (ed.). Zoological Catalogue of Australia Volume 5. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 5 x 274 pp. [136] (as junior synonym)

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Kimberley (CK), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

Distribution References

Common Name References

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [263] (Northern Bent-winged Bat)

History of changes

Introduction

Molossid bats are characterised by the absence of postorbital processes and only the palatal branch of the premaxillae may be present. There is articulation between the greater tuberosity of the humerus and the scapula. The upper lip is heavy and often has vertical folds. The ears are broad, often joined across the head and the tragus is present. The fifth manal digit is short, half or less the length of the third. The wing, therefore, is long and narrow and this family includes some of the fastest flying species of bats. The fibula is well developed, the legs short and strong. Conspicuous stiff bristle-like hairs are present on the feet. The tail extends well beyond the trailing edge of the interfemoral membrane.

Molossids are usually cavernicolous; roosts may be found in a variety of situations. All species are insectivorous. Although brief periods of torpor may occur, prolonged hibernation does not. Seasonal migration does occur. Although some species are solitary, most are social and colonies of enormous numbers of individuals are documented.

Reardon et al. (2014) show that Mormopterus Peters, 1865 is not present in Australia, but limited to New Guinea.

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

MOLOSSIDAE: Mormopterus beccarii Peters, 1881 — Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 (restricted to Indo-Papuan region)

Mormopterus beccarii astrolabiensis (Meyer, 1899) [subsequently identified as new species M. lumsdenae Reardon, McKenzie & Adams, 2014] — Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 (New Guinea species)

MOLOSSIDAE: Tadarida Rafinesque, 1814 — Gregorin, R. 2000. Filogenia de Molossidae Gervais, 1856 (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Ph.D. dissertation, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Ammerman, L. K., Lee, D. N. & Tipps, T. M. 2012. First molecular phylogenetic insights into the evolution of free-tailed bats in the subfamily Molossinae (Molossidae, Chiroptera). Journal of Mammalogy 93: 12–28 (following Gregorin (2000))

General References

Allison, F.R. 1988. Molossidae. pp. 892-909 in Walton, D.W. & Richardson, B.J. (eds). Fauna of Australia. Volume 1B Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service 827 pp.

Gregorin, R. & Cirranello, A. 2015. Phylogeny of Molossidae Gervais (Mammalia: Chiroptera) inferred by morphological data. Cladistics 32(2016): 2–35

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [256]

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136

History of changes

• Austronomus Troughton, E. le G. 1941. Furred Animals of Australia. 1st edn. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xxvii 374 pp. 25 pls. [360].

  Type species:

   Molossus australis Gray, 1838 by monotypy.
• Austronomus Iredale, T. & Troughton, E. le G. 1934. A check-list of the mammals recorded from Australia. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 6: i-xii 1-122 [100] [nomen nudum].

  Type species:

   Nyctinomus (australis) atratus Thomas, 1924 by monotypy.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [258]

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Tadarida Rafinesque, 1814 [Misidentification]. —
  Hill, J.E. 1961. Indo-Australian bats of the genus Tadarida. Mammalia 25: 29-56 [30] (Austronomus as junior synonym)
• Nyctinomus É. Geoffroy, 1818 [misidentification]. —
  Mahoney, J.A. & Walton, D.W. 1988. Molossidae. pp. 146–150 in Walton, D.W. (ed.). Zoological Catalogue of Australia Volume 5. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service 274 pp. [149] (Austronomus as junior synonym)

Introduction

Generic status following Gregorin & Cirranello (2015)

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

General References

Ammerman, L. K., Lee, D. N. & Tipps, T. M. 2012. First molecular phylogenetic insights into the evolution of free-tailed bats in the subfamily Molossinae (Molossidae, Chiroptera). Journal of Mammalogy 93: 12–28

Gregorin, R. & Cirranello, A. 2015. Phylogeny of Molossidae Gervais (Mammalia: Chiroptera) inferred by morphological data. Cladistics 32(2016): 2–35

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136

History of changes

• Molossus australis Gray, J.E. 1838. A revision of the genera of bats (Vespertilionidae), and the description of some new genera and species. Magazine of Zoology and Botany 2: 483-505 [501].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 61.4.1.9 skin & skull, 'New South Wales'; Troughton (1941: 360) believes the 'original specimen' came from near the Camden home of Major Macarthur, NSW.

  Type locality references:

  Troughton, E. 1941. Furred Animals of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xxviii 374 pp. 25 pls.
• Nyctinomus albidus Leche, W. 1884. On some species of Chiroptera from Australia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1884: 49-54 [publication date established from Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1853–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84 [74]] [50].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) NHRM A59/1883809.3144 ♀ skin (wet) skull not extracted, 'South Australia'; NHRM A59/1883809.3145 ♀ skin (wet) & skull (included), 'South Australia'.
• Nyctinomus australis atratus Thomas, O. 1924. A new subspecies of Nyctinomus australis. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 9 14: 455-456 [456].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 24.8.4.8 ♂ skin & skull, Ooldea, SA.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Laurie, E.M.O. & Hill, J.E. 1954. List of Land Mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and Adjacent Islands 1758–1952. London : British Museum 175 pp. 3 pls. [63]
• Hill, J.E. 1961. Indo-Australian bats of the genus Tadarida. Mammalia 25: 29-56 [35]
• Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [258]

Generic Combinations

• Austronomus australis atratus (Thomas, 1924).
• Tadarida australis atratus (Thomas, 1924).
• Tadarida australis (J.E. Gray, 1838).
• Austronomus australis australis (J.E. Gray, 1838).
• Austronomus australis (J.E. Gray, 1838).
• Nyctinomus australis (J.E. Gray, 1838).
• Tadarida australis (J.E. Gray, 1838).

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Predator, treeholes, under bark.

Extra Ecological Information

Forages above canopy, roosts also in buildings in small groups or solitary, reported to forage on ground.

General References

Dwyer, P.D. 1965. Flight patterns of some eastern Australian bats. Victorian Naturalist 82: 36-41

Ellis, M. 1993. Unexplained behaviour in the white-striped mastiff-bat Tadarida australis. The Australian Zoologist 29: 103

Freeman, P.W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zoology ns 7: i-viii 1-173

Hall, L.S. & Richards, G.C. 1973. Notes on Tadarida australis (Chiroptera: Molossidae). Australian Mammalogy 1: 46-47

Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. & Koeppl, J.W. (eds) 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Lawrence, Kansas : Allen Press & Assoc. Syst. Coll. ix 694 pp.

Kitchener, D.J. & Hudson, C.J. 1982. Reproduction in the female White-striped Mastiff bat, Tadarida australis (Gray) (Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 30: 1-14

Koopman, K.F. 1982. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 109 Bats from eastern Papua and the east Papuan Islands. American Museum Novitates 2747: 1-34

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48

Laurie, E.M.O. & Hill, J.E. 1954. List of Land Mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and Adjacent Islands 1758–1952. London : British Museum 175 pp. 3 pls.

McKean, J.L. & Hamilton-Smith, E. 1967. Litter size and maternity sites in Australian bats (Chiroptera). Victorian Naturalist 84: 203-206

Oliveira, M.C. de 1998. Towards standardized descriptions of the echolocation calls of microchiropteran bats: pulse design terminology for seventeen species from Queensland. The Australian Zoologist 30: 405-411

Richards, G.C. 1995. White-striped Freetail-bat Nyctinomus australis. pp. 487-488 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Common Name References

Clayton, M., Wombey, J.C., Mason, I.J., Chesser, R.T. & Wells, A. 2006. CSIRO List of Australian Vertebrates: A Reference with Conservation Status. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing iv 162 pp. [110] (White-striped Freetail-bat)

History of changes

• Chaerephon Dobson, G.E. 1874. On the Asiatic species of Molossi. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal ns 43: 142-144 [144] [as Choerephon; originally proposed as a subgenus of Nyctinomus Geoffroy, 1813].

  Type species:

   Nyctinomus johorensis Dobson, 1873 by monotypy.

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

MOLOSSIDAE: Chaerephon plicata (Buchannan, 1800) — Lucas, A.H.S. 1897. On some facts in the geographical distribution of land and fresh-water vertebrates in Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria ns 9: 34-53 [36]; Hill, J.E. 1961. Indo-Australian bats of the genus Tadarida. Mammalia 25: 29-56 [50]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Africa south of the Sahara, Aldabra Is., SW Arabian peninsula, Malay peninsula, S China, New Guinea, Jobi Is. and New Hebrides.

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Distribution References

History of changes

Generic Combinations

• Chaerephon jobensis (Miller, 1902).
• Tadarida jobensis (Miller, 1902).

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Gregarious, predator, tree hole.

Extra Ecological Information

Roosts also in caves and buildings.

Notes

Details for nominate subspecies, not found in Australia:

Chaerephon jobensis jobensis (Miller, 1902)

Nyctinomus jobensis Miller, G.S. 1902. Two new tropical old world bats. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 15: 245–246 [246].
Type data:Holotype USNM 18545 & 38035 ♀ skin (wet, 18545) & skull (38035), Ansus, Japen Pulau (as Jobie Island), Irian Jaya, Indonesia.

General References

Anon. 1929. A bat colony. The Australian Zoologist 6: 106-107

Begg, R.J. & McKean, J.L. 1982. Cave dwelling in the molossid bat Tadarida jobensis colonicus. Northern Territory Naturalist 5: 12

De Lestang, A. 1929. A bat colony (Chaerophon plicatus colonicus) in North Queensland. The Australian Zoologist 6: 106-107

Freeman, P.W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zoology ns 7: i-viii 1-173

Friend, G.R. & Braithwaite, R.W. 1986. Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 9: 43-52

Hill, J.E. 1961. Indo-Australian bats of the genus Tadarida. Mammalia 25: 29-56

Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. & Koeppl, J.W. (eds) 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Lawrence, Kansas : Allen Press & Assoc. Syst. Coll. ix 694 pp.

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48

Richards, G.C. 1995. Northern Freetail-bat Chaerephon jobensis. pp. 479-480 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Reed New Holland : Angus & Robertson 756 pp.

Vestjens, W.J.M. & Hall, L.S. 1977. Stomach contents of forty-two species of bats from the Australasian region. Australian Wildlife Research 4: 25-35

Waithman, J. 1979. A report on a collection of mammals from southwest Papua, 1972–1973. The Australian Zoologist 20: 313-326

Ziegler, A.C. 1982. An ecological check-list of New Guinea Recent mammals. pp. 863-894 in Gressitt, J.L. (ed.). Biogeography and Ecology of New Guinea. The Hague & London : W. Junk Vol. 2(4) vii 983 pp.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Greater Northern Freetail-bat, Northern Mastiff Bat)

History of changes

• Nyctinomus plicatus colonicus Thomas, O. 1906. On mammals from northern Australia presented to the National Museum by Sir Wm. Ingram, Bt., and the Hon. John Forrest. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1906: 536-543 pl. 37 [publication date established from Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1853–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84 [76]] [537].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 6.3.9.16 ♂ skin (wet) & skull, Alexandria, NT.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Tropical, probably not extending below 24°S

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Gregarious, predator, tree hole.

History of changes

• Micronomus Troughton, E. le G. 1944. Furred Animals of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xxviii 374 pp. 25 pls. [publication date established from letter from Mr. R. Walsh, Angus & Robertson Publishers to J.A. Mahoney dated 7 June 1984] [361].

  Type species:

   Molossus norfolkensis Gray, 1839 (=Micronomus norfolkensis (Gray, 1839)) by original designation.

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Mormopterus Peters, 1865. —
  Freeman, P.W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zoology ns 7: i-viii 1-173 [160] (treated as a synonym of Mormopterus)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

General References

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 (Micronomus Troughton elevated from synonymy of Mormopterus to subgenus)

History of changes

• Molossus norfolkensis Gray, J.E. 1839. Descriptions of some Mammalia discovered in Cuba by W.S. MacLeay, Esq. With some account of their habits, extracted from Mr. MacLeay's notes. Annals of Natural History 4: 1-7 pl. 1 [7].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 38.10.11.56 skin & skull, Norfolk Is., see BMNH Register.

Generic Combinations

• Micronomus norfolkensis (J.E. Gray, 1839). —
  Churchill, S. 2008. Australian Bats. Sydney : Allen & Unwin 2nd edition, 255 pp. [193]
• Nyctinomus norfolkensis (J.E. Gray, 1839). —
  Tate, G.H.H. 1952. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 66 Mammals of Cape York Peninsula with notes on the occurrence of rain forest in Queensland. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 98: 563-616 [604] (new combination)
• Tadarida norfolkensis (J.E. Gray, 1839). —
  Hill, J.E. 1961. Indo-Australian bats of the genus Tadarida. Mammalia 25: 29-56 [44] (new combination)
• Mormopterus norfolkensis (J.E. Gray, 1839). —
  Freeman, P.W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zoology ns 7: i-viii 1-173 [161] (new combination)
• Mormopterus (Micronomus) norfolkensis (J.E. Gray, 1839). —
  Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L. & Adams, M. in Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62: 109–136 [117]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Entirely coastal, in temperate rain forest from about Sydney to Brisbane.

IBRA

NSW, Qld: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Coastal, predator, tree hole, under bark, woodland.

General References

Allison, F.R. & Hoye, G.A. 1995. Eastern Freetail-bat Mormopterus norfolkensis. pp. 484-485 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Freeman, P.W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zoology ns 7: i-viii 1-173

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [259-260]

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48

Law, B.S., Chidel, M. & Turner, G. 2000. The use by wildlife of paddock trees in farmland. Pacific Conservation Biology 6: 130-143

McKean, J.L. & Hamilton-Smith, E. 1967. Litter size and maternity sites in Australian bats (Chiroptera). Victorian Naturalist 84: 203-206

Oliveira, M.C. de 1998. Towards standardized descriptions of the echolocation calls of microchiropteran bats: pulse design terminology for seventeen species from Queensland. The Australian Zoologist 30: 405-411

Peters, W. 1881. Über die Chiropterengattung Mormopterus und die dahin gehörigen Arten. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1881: 482-485 1 pl.

Reardon, T., Adams, M., McKenzie, N. & Jenkins, P. 2008. A new species of Australian freetail bat Mormopterus eleryi sp. nov. (Chiroptera: Molossidae) and a taxonomic reappraisal of M. norfolkensis (Gray). Zootaxa 1875: 1-31 [22] (re-described)

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 (wilcoxii synonymised with Mormopterus planiceps)

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Eastern Little Mastiff-bat)

Clayton, M., Wombey, J.C., Mason, I.J., Chesser, R.T. & Wells, A. 2006. CSIRO List of Australian Vertebrates: A Reference with Conservation Status. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing iv 162 pp. [110] (Eastern Freetail-bat)

History of changes

• Nyctinomus (Ozimops) Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L. & Adams, M. in Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62: 109–136 [118] [as subgenus of Mormopterus].

  Type species:

   Nyctinomus planiceps Peters, 1866 by original designation.

Introduction

Described as a subgenus of Mormopterus (Readon et al. 2014) and elevated at full genus level by Jackson & Groves (2015)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NSW, NT, Qld, SA, WA: Burt Plain (BRT), Channel Country (CHC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Finke (FIN), Gawler (GAW), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP) ; NSW, Qld, SA, Vic: Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH) ; NSW, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Flinders (FLI), Kanmantoo (KAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP) ; NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Gascoyne (GAS), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Sturt Plateau (STU), Victoria Bonaparte (VB) ; NT, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC) ; WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Jarrah Forest (JF), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA)

General References

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp.

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136

History of changes

• Tadarida loriae cobourgiana Johnson, D.H. 1959. Four new mammals from the Northern Territory of Australia. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 72: 183-187 [185].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 284243 ♀ skin & skull, Black Rock Point, on north shore of Van Diemen Gulf, 15 miles SE of Cape Don lighthouse, Cobourg Peninsula, NT 11º26´S, 131º56´E.

Generic Combinations

• Mormopterus (Ozimops) cobourgianus (Johnson, 1959).

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Mormopterus (Ozimops) cobourgiana Johnson, 1959 [emended to cobourgianus]. —
  Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Coastal areas; also Papua New Guinea and Moluccas, Indonesia

IBRA

NT, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Carnarvon (CAR), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Pilbara (PIL), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

General References

Adams, M., Reardon, T.R., Baverstock, P.R. & Watts, C.H.S. 1988. Electrophoretic resolution of species boundaries in Australian Microchiroptera. IV. The Molossidae (Chiroptera). Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 41: 315-326

Johnson, D.H. 1964. Mammals of the Arnhem Land Expedition. 427-515 pls 1-16 in Specht, R.L. (ed.). Records of the American-Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem Land. Zoology. Parkville : Melbourne University Press Vol. 4 xvii 533 pp.

McKenzie, N.L. & Start, A.N. 1989. Structure of bat guilds in mangroves: disturbances and determinism. pp. 167-178 in Morris, D.W., Abramski, Z., Fox, B.J. & Willig, M.R. (eds). Patterns in the Structure of Mammalian Communities. Lubbock, Texas : Texas Technical University Press.

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 [131]

Common Name References

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 [131] (North-western Free-tailed Bat)

History of changes

• Mormopterus (Ozimops) halli Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L. & Adams, M. in Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62: 109–136 [132].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM JM19625 adult ♂, Ironbark Dam, Oyala Thumotang National Park, Queensland [13.625S, 142.801E].
  Paratype(s) QM JM19624, JM19627, JM19628, JM19636 3 adult ♀, 1 adult ♂, data as for holotype; WAM M50138, M50139 adult ♀, Archer Bend, Qld [13.5S, 143.0E]; WAM M50069 adult ♂, Normanton, Qld [17.67S, 140.76E]; AM M13280 adult ♀, 42 km SE of Normanton, Qld [17.93S, 141.433E].

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Gulf Plains (GUP)

History of changes

• Mormopterus (Ozimops) kitcheneri Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L. & Adams, M. in Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62: 109–136.

  Type data:

   Holotype WAM M60848: adult ♂, 20 kmnorth-west of Balladonia, Western Australia [32.252S, 123.431E].
  Paratype(s) WAM M60849 adfult ♀, same data as for holotype; SAMA M25843 adult ♂, Johnnies Dam, Jaurdi, WA [30.77S 120.13E]; WAM M60855 adult ♀, Almond Dam, Credo, WA [30.52S, 120.779E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Coolgardie (COO), Jarrah Forest (JF), Murchison (MUR), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA)

Common Name References

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 [126] (South-western Free-tailed Bat)

History of changes

• Mormopterus (Ozimops) lumsdenae Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L. & Adams, M. in Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62: 109–136 [127].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM JM15323 adult ♂, Roadside dam, Peninsula Developmental Road, ~16 km north of Coen, Queensland [14.809S, 143.146E].
  Paratype(s) QM JM15324 adult ♂, data as for holotype; SAMA M25848, M25849 adult ♀, Bourne Creek overflow, Qld [13.75S, 143.076E]; SAMA SAMA25850, M2585 adult ♂, 4 km east of Petford, Qld [17.35S, 144.904E]; WAM M50042, M50077 adult ♂, adult ♀, Laura, Qld [15.53S, 144.45E].

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Mormopterus beccarii Peters, 1881 [misidentification]. —
  Winter, J.W. & Allison, F.R. 1980. The native Mammals of Cape York Peninsula - changes in status since the 1948 Archbold Expedition. pp. 31-44 in Stevens, N.C. & Bailey, A. (eds). Contemporary Cape York Peninsula. The proceedings of a symposium held at the Kindler Lecture Theatre, Queensland Institute of Technology, 29 October, 1979. Brisbane : Royal Society of Queensland. [34]
• Tadarida beccarii astrolabiensis (Meyer, 1899) [misidentification]. —
  Hill, J.E. 1983. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Indo-Australia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zool. 45: 103-208 [196]
• Mormopterus beccari astrolabiensis (Meyer, 1899) [misidentification]. —
  Simmons, N.B. 1995. Bat relationships and the origin of flight. pp. 27-43 in Racey, P.A. & Swift, S.M. Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour of Bats: The Proceedings of a Symposium held by the Zoological Society of London and the Mammal Society: London, 26th and 27th November 1993. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London Oxford : Clarendon Press Vol. 67 pp. 448.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gascoyne (GAS), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Common Name References

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 [127] (Northern Free-tailed Bat)

History of changes

• Nyctinomus petersi Leche, W. 1884. On some species of Chiroptera from Australia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1884: 49-54 [publication date established from Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1853–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84 [74]] [49] [name removed from synonymy with M. planideps by Reardon et al. (2014)].

  Type data:

   Lectotype NHRM A59/1983809.3137 ♂ skin (wet) skull not extracted, 'South Australia'.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 [124].

Generic Combinations

• Mormopterus (Ozimops) petersi (Leche, 1884).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, WA: Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Channel Country (CHC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gawler (GAW), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Riverina (RIV), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP)

General References

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 (syntype "'South Australia'; NHRM A59/1983809.3138 ♂ skin (wet) skull not extracted" and " BMNH 90.8.1.12 ♀ skin (wet) & skull, 'South Australia'" found to be specimens of M. planiceps; A59/1983809.3136 may be a specimen of M. petersi)

History of changes

• Nyctinomus planiceps Peters, W. 1866. Über einige neue oder weniger bekannte Flederthiere. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1866: 16-25 [23].

  Type data:

   Lectotype SMF 4283 ♀ skin (wet) & skull, Australia [as Australien (angeblich aus Sydney)], believed by Iredale & Troughton (1934: 101) to be WA.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Mertens, R. 1925. Verzeichnis der Säugetier-Typen des Senckenbergischen Museums. Senckenbergiana Biologica 7: 18-37.

  Type locality references:

  Iredale, T. & Troughton, E. le G. 1934. A check-list of the mammals recorded from Australia. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 6: i-xii 1-122.
• Molossus wilcoxii Krefft, G. 1873. The bat tribe-(continued). The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser Vol. 16 No. 700 29th Nov. 1873. p. 694 cols 1-2 [694].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH 64.8.14.1, region extending from Clarence River, NSW to Rockhampton, QLD.
  Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown (not found in AM), region extending from Clarence River, NSW to Rockhampton, QLD.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L. & Adams, M. in Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62: 109–136 [124].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Hill, J.E. 1961. Indo-Australian bats of the genus Tadarida. Mammalia 25: 29-56 [45-46]
• Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48 [29-31]
• Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136

Generic Combinations

• Mormopterus planiceps (Peters, 1866). —
  Strahan, R. (ed.) 1983. The Australian Museum Complete Book of Australian Mammals. The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Angus & Robertson. [322] (new combination)
• Micronomus planiceps (Peters, 1866). —
  Iredale, T. & Troughton, E. le G. 1934. A check-list of the mammals recorded from Australia. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 6: i-xii 1-122 [101] (new combination)

Introduction

"The original concept of Mormopterus planiceps (Peters, 1866) was recognised quite early on as a species complex. Out of this complex Adams et al. (1998) recognised M. sp. 2, M. sp. 3 and M. sp. 4. As these have now been described by Reardon et al. (2014) only the eastern form of M. sp.4 makes up the new concept of Mormopterus planiceps (Peters, 1866)" (Ian Geers, pers. com. 2014). This has necessitated allocation of a new CAVS number (changed from 1326 to #1940).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Western slopes of the GDR in NSW through VIC and southern SA

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Gregarious, predator, territorial, tree hole, volant.

Extra Ecological Information

Forages on ground*, roosts also in buildings or crevices.

General References

Crichton, E.G. & Krutzsch, P.H. 1987. Reproductive biology of the female little mastiff bat, Mormopterus planiceps (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in southeast Australia. American Journal of Anatomy 178: 369-386

Freeman, P.W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zoology ns 7: i-viii 1-173

Holsworth, W.N. 1986. Homing ability of the little mastiff-bat Mormopterus planiceps. Macroderma 2: 54-58

Koopman, K.F. 1982. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 109 Bats from eastern Papua and the east Papuan Islands. American Museum Novitates 2747: 1-34

Krutzsch, P.H. & Crichton, E.G. 1987. Reproductive biology of the male little mastiff bat, Mormopterus planiceps (Chiroptera: Molossidae). in south east Australia. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 40: 203-210

Kulzer, E., Nelson, J.E., McKean, J.L. & Möhres, F.P. 1970. Untersuchungen über die Temperaturregulation australischer Fledermäuse (Microchiroptera). Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie 69: 426-451

McKean, J.L. & Hamilton-Smith, E. 1967. Litter size and maternity sites in Australian bats (Chiroptera). Victorian Naturalist 84: 203-206

McKenzie, N.L. 1995. Little Northern Freetail-bat Mormopterus loriae. pp. 482-483 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 [119]

Richards, G.C. 1995. Southern Freetail-bat Mormopterus planiceps. pp. 485-486 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Vestjens, W.J.M. & Hall, L.S. 1977. Stomach contents of forty-two species of bats from the Australasian region. Australian Wildlife Research 4: 25-35

Woodside, D.P. & Taylor, K.J. 1985. Echolocation calls of fourteen bats from eastern New South Wales. Australian Mammalogy 8: 279-298 (as M. loriae)

Ziegler, A.C. 1982. An ecological check-list of New Guinea Recent mammals. pp. 863-894 in Gressitt, J.L. (ed.). Biogeography and Ecology of New Guinea. The Hague & London : W. Junk Vol. 2(4) vii 983 pp.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Little Mastiff-bat)

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 [119] (South-eastern Free-tailed Bat)

History of changes

• Tadarida loriae ridei Felten, H. 1964. Zur Taxionomie indo-australischer Fledermäuse der Gattung Tadarida (Mammalia, Chiroptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 45: 1-13 [6] [revised status].

  Type data:

   Holotype SMF 17652 ♀ skin (wet) & skull, Cairns, QLD.
  Paratype(s) SMF 17653–5 ♀♀.

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Mormopterus loriae ridei Felton, 1964.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Vic: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136 [129] (reinstated as full species)

Common Name References

van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. 2008. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp. (Ride's Free-tailed Bat)

History of changes

• Setirostris Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L. & Adams, M. in Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62: 109–136 [117] [as subgenus of Mormopterus].

  Type species:

   Mormopterus eleryi Reardon & McKenzie, 2008 by original designation.

Introduction

Described as a subgenus of Mormopterus (Readon et al. 2014) and treated as a genus by Jackson & Groves (2015)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Burt Plain (BRT), Channel Country (CHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Desert Uplands (DEU), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Finke (FIN), Gulf Plains (GUP), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Tanami (TAN)

General References

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp.

Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62(2): 109–136

History of changes

• Mormopterus eleryi Reardon, T. & McKenzie, N. in Reardon, T., Adams, M., McKenzie, N. & Jenkins, P. 2008. A new species of Australian freetail bat Mormopterus eleryi sp. nov. (Chiroptera: Molossidae) and a taxonomic reappraisal of M. norfolkensis (Gray). Zootaxa 1875: 1-31.

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA M23519 adult ♀ ('body preserved in 10% formalin and then in 70% ethanol, skull extracted. Liver tissue (number ABTC87979) is held in the Australian Biological Tissue Collection at the South Australian Museum'), South Australia, 1.1 km ESE of Eringa [26.29184°S 134.739030°E].
  Paratype(s) SAMA M23515 ♀ ('spirit with skull in situ'), South Australia, Eringa [26.28474°S 134.72471°E]; SAMA M15811 ♂ ('spirit with skull extracted'), South Australia, Boomika Dam [26.0583°S 135.5083°E].

Generic Combinations

• Mormopterus (Setirostris) eleryi (Reardon & McKenzie, 2008). —
  Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L. & Adams, M. in Reardon, T.B., McKenzie, N.L., Cooper, S.J.B., Appleton, B., Carthew, S. & Adams, M. 2014. A molecular and morphological investigation of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Australian free-tailed bats Mormopterus (Chiroptera : Molossidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 62: 109–136 [117] (new combination as sole member of new subgenus Micronomus (Setirostris))
• Setirostris eleryi (Reardon & McKenzie, 2008). —
  Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [262]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Burt Plain (BRT), Channel Country (CHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Desert Uplands (DEU), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Finke (FIN), Gulf Plains (GUP), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Tanami (TAN)

Distribution References

History of changes

Introduction

Of all the families of bats, the Vespertilionidae must be considered the largest, most wide-spread and the most diverse. Some vespertilionids occur everywhere, except a few oceanic islands in the Pacific, between 60ºN and 60ºS, and there are those that extend into subpolar zones above 60ºN.

In Australia, the family is well represented and includes some highly complex genera. Virtually any taxonomic arrangement created today will not be appropriate tomorrow. At best, those data presented below consist of a compendium of available names. The species in Australia traditionally placed in the genera Chalinolobus, Eptesicus, Miniopterus, Myotis, Nycticeius, Nyctophilus and Pipistrellus are only beginning to be understood.

The family is characterised by the absence of postorbital processes, premaxillae represented only by the nasal portion and a tooth row whose stability in number is confined to the presence of a single canine and three molars (incisors and premolars vary in number). There is articulation between the greater tuberosity of the humerus and the scapula. The eyes are small, the nose is unadorned (except in Nyctophilus), the tragus is always present and the tail extends to the trailing edge of the interfemoral membrane.

The diet usually comprises arthropods, although a few species are piscivorous. Hibernation and migration are well documented for the family. Roosts include a highly diverse array of sites. Solitary and varyingly social species are known.

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

VESPERTILIONIDAE: Kerivoula Gray, 1842 [Phoniscus Miller, 1905 removed from synonymy with Kerivoula]

General References

Hall, L.S. & Woodside, D.P. 1989. Vespertilionidae. pp. 871-891 in Walton, D.W. & Richardson, B.J. (eds). Fauna of Australia. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 1B 827 pp.

History of changes

History of changes

• Phoniscus Miller, G.S. 1905. A new genus of bats from Sumatra. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 18: 229-230 [229].

  Type species:

   Phoniscus atrox Miller, 1905 by original designation.

Taxonomic Decision for Subgeneric Arrangement

• Woinarski, J.C.Z., Burbidge, A.A. & Harrison, P.L. 2014. The Action Plan for Australian Mammals 2012. Melbourne, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 1038 pp.

Introduction

Mahoney (1988) recognised the subgenus Phoniscus, following Koopman (1982). Subgenera of Kerivoula were not recognised by van Dyck and Strahan (2008) and Woinarski et al. removed Kerivoula from the Australian list, recognising Phoniscus for the Australian species.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: SE coastal
  • Queensland: NE coastal
• Papua New Guinea

Oriental Region

• Indonesia
  • Java
  • Sulawesi (Celebes)
  • Sumatra
• Malaysia
• Philippines

General References

Mahoney, J.A. in Walton, D.W. (ed.) 1988. Zoological Catalogue of Australia Volume 5. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service x 274 pp. [Date published 13/Apr/1988]

van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. 2008. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp.

Woinarski, J.C.Z., Burbidge, A.A. & Harrison, P.L. 2014. The Action Plan for Australian Mammals 2012. Melbourne, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 1038 pp.

History of changes

• Kerivoula papuensis Dobson, G.E. 1878. Catalogue of the Chiroptera in the Collection of the British Museum. London : British Museum xlii 567 pp. 30 pls. [339].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 78.2.20.1 skin & skull, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

Generic Combinations

• Kerivoula (Phoniscus) papuensis Dobson, 1878. —
  Mahoney, J.A. in Walton, D.W. (ed.) 1988. Zoological Catalogue of Australia Volume 5. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service x 274 pp. [Date published 13/Apr/1988] (following Koopman (1982))
• Phoniscus papuensis (Dobson, 1878).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

New Guinea.

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Arthropod-feeder, closed forest, coastal, glider, predator, subtropical.

Extra Ecological Information

Rare in Australian collections.

General References

Hill, J.E. 1965. Asiatic bats of the genera Kerivoula and Phoniscus (Vespertilionidae), with a note on Kerivoula aerosa Tomes. Mammalia 29: 524-556

Honacki, J.H., Kinman, K.E. & Koeppl, J.W. (eds) 1982. Mammal Species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference. Lawrence, Kansas : Allen Press & Assoc. Syst. Coll. ix 694 pp.

Jentink, F.A. 1904. On Kerivoula picta (Pallas) and description of a new bat from Paramaribo. Notes from the Leyden Museum 24: 174-176

Koopman, K.F. 1982. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 109 Bats from eastern Papua and the east Papuan Islands. American Museum Novitates 2747: 1-34

Law, B. & Chidel, M. 2004. Roosting and foraging ecology of the golden-tipped bat Kerivoula papuensis on the south coast of New South Wales. Wildlife Research 31: 73-82

Lunney, D. & Barker, J. 1986. The occurrence of Phoniscus papuensis (Dobson) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) on the south coast of New South Wales. Australian Mammalogy 9: 57-58

Rhodes, M.P. 1995. Wing morphology and flight behaviour of the golden-tipped bat, Phoniscus papuensis (Dobson) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 43: 643-656

Ryan, R.M. 1965. Taxonomic status of the vespertilionid genera Kerivoula and Phoniscus. Journal of Mammalogy 46: 517-518

Schulz, M. 2000. Diet and foraging behavior of the golden-tipped bat Kerivoula papuensis: a spider specialist? Journal of Mammalogy 81: 948-957

Schulz, M. 2000. Relative abundance and other aspect of the natural history of the rare golden-tipped bat, Kerivoula papuensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Acta Chiropterologica 1: 165-178

Schulz, M. 2000. Roosts used by the golden-tipped bat Kerivoula papuensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Journal of Zoology, London 25: 467-478

Schulz, M. & Eyre, T. 2000. Habitat selection by the rare golden-tipped bat Kerivoula papuensis. Australian Mammalogy 22: 23-33

Schulz, M. & Wainer, J. 1997. Diet of the golden-tipped bat Kerivoula papuensis (Microchiroptera) from north-eastern New South Wales, Australia. Journal of Zoology, London 243: 653-658

Walton, D.W., Busby, J.R. & Woodside, D.P. 1992. Recorded and predicted distribution of the golden-tipped bat Phoniscus papuensis (Dobson, 1878) in Australia. The Australian Zoologist 28: 52-54

Woodside, D.P. 1995. Golden-tipped Bat Kerivoula papuensis. pp. 490-491 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Woodside, D.P. & Taylor, K.J. 1985. Echolocation calls of fourteen bats from eastern New South Wales. Australian Mammalogy 8: 279-298

Ziegler, A.C. 1982. An ecological check-list of New Guinea Recent mammals. pp. 863-894 in Gressitt, J.L. (ed.). Biogeography and Ecology of New Guinea. The Hague & London : W. Junk Vol. 2(4) vii 983 pp.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Golden-tipped Bat)

History of changes

History of changes

• Murina Gray, J.E. 1842. Descriptions of some new genera and fifty unrecorded species of Mammalia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 1 10: 255-267 [258].

  Type species:

   Vespertilio suillus Temminck, 1840 by monotypy.

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Asia, SE Asian islands and S Philippine Ils.

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal

Oriental Region

• Philippines

Distribution References

History of changes

Distribution

Ecological Descriptors

Closed forest, coprophagous, predator.

Extra Ecological Information

Rare.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Tube-nosed Insectivorous Bat)

Clayton, M., Wombey, J.C., Mason, I.J., Chesser, R.T. & Wells, A. 2006. CSIRO List of Australian Vertebrates: A Reference with Conservation Status. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing iv 162 pp. [110] (Tube-nosed Bat)

History of changes

• Murina florium Thomas, O. 1908. New bats and rodents in the British Museum collection. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 2: 370-375 [371].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 63.12.26.14 skin & skull, Flores Pulau (as Flores), Indonesia.

Ecological Descriptors

Closed forest, coprophagous, predator.

General References

Burbidge, A.A., Eldridge, M.D.B., Groves, C., Harrison, P.L., Jackson, S.M., Reardon, T.B., Westerman, M. & Woinarski, J.C.Z. 2014. A list of native Australian mammal species and subspecies. pp. 15-32 in Woinarski, J.C.Z., Burbidge, A.A. & Harrison, P.L. The Action Plan for Australian Mammals 2012. Melbourne, Victoria : CSIRO Publishing 1038 pp. [24]

Clague, C.I., Coles, R.B., Whybird, O.J., Spencer, H.J. & Flemons, P. 1999. The occurrence and distribution of the tube-nosed insectivorous bat (Murina florium) in Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 121: 175-191

Jackson, S. & Groves, C. 2015. Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing 520 pp. [266]

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48

Kutt, A.S. & Schulz, M. 2000. Distribution and habitat of the flute-nosed bat Murina florium (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in the wet tropics of north-eastern Queensland. The Australian Zoologist 31: 458-467

Reardon, T.B., Robson, S.K.A., Parsons, J.G. & Inkster, T. 2010. Review of the threatened status of microchiropteran bat species on Cape York Peninsula. Final report Care for Country programme - Cape York Peninsula Threatened Species grant. 84 pp. [43]

Richards, G.C., Hall, L.H., Helman, P.M. & Churchill, S.K. 1982. First discovery of a species of the rare Tube-nosed Insectivorous Bat (Murina) in Australia. Australian Mammalogy 5: 149-151

Schulz, M., Richards, G.C., Coles, R.B., Spencer, H.J. & Kutt, A.S. 2008. Flute-nosed Bat, Murina florium. pp. 514-515 in van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp.

Schulz, M & Hannah, D. 1998. Relative abundance, diet and roost selection in the tube-nosed insect bat, Murina florium, on the Atherton Tablelands, Australia. Wildlife Research 25: 261-272

Van Deusen, H.M. 1961. New Guinea record of the Tube-nosed Insectivorous Bat, Murina. Journal of Mammalogy 42: 531-533

Winter, J. 1991. Mammals. pp. 43-54 in Nix, H.A. & Switzer, M.A. (eds). Rainforest Animals: Atlas of vertebrates endemic to Australia's wet tropics. Canberra : Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service 111 pp. [Kowari]

Ziegler, A.C. 1982. An ecological check-list of New Guinea Recent mammals. pp. 863-894 in Gressitt, J.L. (ed.). Biogeography and Ecology of New Guinea. The Hague & London : W. Junk Vol. 2(4) vii 983 pp.

Common Name References

Churchill, S. 2008. Australian Bats. Sydney : Allen & Unwin 2nd edition, 255 pp. [126] (Flute-nosed Bat)

History of changes

History of changes

• Nyctophilus Leach, W.E. 1821. The characters of seven genera of bats with foliaceous appendages to the nose. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 13: 73-82 pl. 7 [publication date established from Raphael, S. 1970. The publication dates of the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 1, 1791–1875. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London 2: 61–76 [75]] [74, 78].

  Type species:

   Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach, 1821 by monotypy.
• Barbastellus Gray, J.E. 1829. An attempt to improve the natural arrangement of the genera of bat, from actual examination; with some observations on the development of their wings. Philosophical Magazine London ns 6: 28-36 [31] [junior homonym of Barbastellus Gray, 1825; Gray (1829) op. cit. (31), named and described Barbastellus for a new species which he neither named nor described and he added that 'Vespertilio Barbastellus, Linn.' i.e. Vespertilio barbastellus Schreber, 1774 (the type species of Barbastellus Gray, 1825) perhaps also belonged in the genus; the first subsequent use of Barbastellus Gray, 1829 is by Gray, J.E. 1831. Descriptions of some new genera and species of bats. pp. 37–38 in Gray, J.E. (ed). The Zoological Miscellany. Pt 1. London : Treuttel, Würtz & Co. [38], when Barbastellus pacificus and Barbastellus novaehollandiae are named and described].

  Type species:

   Barbastellus pacificus Gray, 1831 by subsequent designation, see Dobson, G.E. 1878. Catalogue of the Chiroptera in the Collection of the British Museum. London : British Museum xlii 567 pp. 30 pls. [175].

  Secondary source:

   Gray, J.E. 1831. Descriptions of some new genera and species of bats. pp. 37-38 in Gray, J.E. (ed.). The Zoological Miscellany. London : Treuttel, Würtz & Co. Vol. 1.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Mahoney, J.A. in Walton, D.W. (ed.) 1988. Zoological Catalogue of Australia Volume 5. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service x 274 pp. [Date published 13/Apr/1988]

Introduction

Van Dyck & Strahan (2008: 525-529) discuss some four un-named species, as either subspecies of N. timoriensis or new species. One, the Central Long-earded Bat, they note is ' … widespread in the arid Coolgardie and Gawler, and the semi-arid Avon, Hampton and Eyre-Yorke bioregions of temperate Western and South Australia'; as 'Nyctophilus spp.', they discuss the South-eastern and Tasmanian Long-eared Bats, from the Murray-Darling region and northern and eastern Tasmania; and from a small area in SW Western Australia they list another un-named species as the Western Long-eared Bat. They note that N. timoriensis is 'currently under study'.

Resolution of the problem resulted from Parnaby's (2009) comparative molecular and morphological study: this study considers N. timoriensis to be a nomen dubium, removing it from the Australian list, and recognises five taxa, previously referred to N. timoriensis. Two subspecies are recognised in N. major Gray, 1844: the nominate subspecies N. major major from the very south-west corner of Western Australia; and a new subspecies N. major tor Parnaby, 2009 from slightly further north in Western Australia across the southern regions to Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. A new species, N. corbenii Parnaby, 2009 is described for the populations in the Murray Darling region; N. daedalus and N. sherrini are recognised to occur mainly around the far north of Western Australia and the Northern Territory and northern and south-eastern Tasmania, respectively.

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

Verpertilionidae: Nyctophilus timoriensis (Geoffroy, 1806) — Parnaby, H.E. 2009. A taxonomic review of Australian Greater Long-eared Bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. The Australian Zoologist 35(1): 39-81 [39]

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Australian Capital Territory
  • New South Wales: Bulloo River basin, Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Northern Territory: Lake Eyre basin, N Gulf, N coastal, W plateau
  • Queensland: Bulloo River basin, Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
  • South Australia: Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, S Gulfs, SE coastal, W plateau
  • Tasmania
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Western Australia: N coastal, NW coastal, SW coastal, W plateau
• Papua New Guinea

Distribution References

General References

Parnaby, H.E. 2009. A taxonomic review of Australian Greater Long-eared Bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. The Australian Zoologist 35(1): 39-81

van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. 2008. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp.

History of changes

• Nyctophilus arnhemensis Johnson, D.H. 1959. Four new mammals from the Northern Territory of Australia. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 72: 183-187 [184].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 284240 ♂ skin & skull (the registration number, USNM 284249, recorded by Johnson loc. cit. for the holotype is incorrect), Rocky Bay, S of Yirrkala, Cape Arnhem Peninsula, NT.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Groote Eylandt, Sir Edward Pellew Group.

IBRA

NT, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

Ecological Descriptors

Mangrove, open forest, predator, under bark, volant, woodland.

General References

Churchill, S.K., Hall, L.S. & Helman, P.M. 1984. Observations on long-eared bats (Vespertilionidae: Nyctophilus) from northern Australia. Australian Mammalogy 7: 17-28

Friend, G.R. & Braithwaite, R.W. 1986. Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 9: 43-52

McKenzie, N.L. 1995. Northern Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus arnhemensis. pp. 498-500 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Arnhem Long-eared Bat)

History of changes

• Nyctophilus bifax Thomas, O. 1915. Notes on the genus Nyctophilus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 15: 493-499 [496].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 15.3.13.3 ♂ skin (wet) & skull, Herberton district, QLD.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gascoyne (GAS), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Murchison (MUR), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: SE coastal
  • Northern Territory: N Gulf, N coastal
  • Queensland: N Gulf, NE coastal
  • Western Australia: N coastal, NW coastal

Ecological Descriptors

Closed forest, gregarious, subtropical, volant, woodland.

General References

Friend, G.R. & Braithwaite, R.W. 1986. Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 9: 43-52

Koopman, K.F. 1982. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 109 Bats from eastern Papua and the east Papuan Islands. American Museum Novitates 2747: 1-34

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48 (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement considers N. bifax a synonym of N. gouldi)

Lunney, D., Barker, J., Leary, T. et al. 1995. Roost selection by the north Queensland long-eared bat Nyctophilus bifax in littoral rainforest in the Iluka World Heritage Area, New South Wales. Australian Journal of Ecology 20: 532-537

Parnaby, H.E. 1987. Distribution and taxonomy of Nyctophilus gouldi Tomes, 1858 and Nyctophilus bifax Thomas, 1915 in eastern Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 109: 153-174

Parnaby, H.E. 1995. Eastern Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus bifax. pp. 500-501 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia. The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Eastern Long-eared Bat)

History of changes

• Nyctophilus corbeni Parnaby, H.E. 2009. A taxonomic review of Australian Greater Long-eared Bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. The Australian Zoologist 35(1): 39-81 [46].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM M38833 adult ♂, New South Wales, Old Coghill Track, 0.7 km E of jcn with track to main Gilgai Waterhole; formerly Gilgai Flora Reserve, Pilliga Stae Forest [30°29'58''S 149°20'53''E].
  Paratype(s) AM 4 specimens.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Vic: Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Nandewar (NAN), Riverina (RIV)

History of changes

• Nyctophilus daedalus Thomas, O. 1915. Notes on the genus Nyctophilus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 15: 493-499 [498].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 97.4.12.8, Daly River, NT.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Central Kimberley (CK), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), Pine Creek (PCK), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)

General References

Mahoney, J.A. in Walton, D.W. (ed.) 1988. Zoological Catalogue of Australia Volume 5. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service x 274 pp. [Date published 13/Apr/1988] [140] (as synonym of N. gouldi Tomes, 1858)

Parnaby, H.E. 2009. A taxonomic review of Australian Greater Long-eared Bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. The Australian Zoologist 35(1): 39-81 [61] (removed from subspecies status under N. bifax)

van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. 2008. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp. (as subspecies in N. bifax but authors note that it may be a separate species)

History of changes

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Thomas, O. 1915. Notes on the genus Nyctophilus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 15: 493-499 [494-495] (N. geoffroyi Leach, B. pacificus Gray, N. unicolor Tomes, N. australis Peters and N. g. pallescens Thomas in synonymy as Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach; date of N. geoffroyi given as 1822)
• Iredale, T. & Troughton, E. le G. 1934. A check-list of the mammals recorded from Australia. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 6: i-xii 1-122 [94] (N. geoffroyi Leach, B. pacificus Gray, N. unicolor Tomes, N. g. pallescens Thomas and N. geayi Trouessart in synonymy as Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach)
• Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48 [28-29] (N. geoffroyi Leach, B. pacificus Gray, N. unicolor Tomes and N. g. pallescens Thomas in synonymy as Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach)

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Australian Capital Territory
  • New South Wales: Bulloo River basin, Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Northern Territory: Lake Eyre basin, N Gulf, N coastal, W plateau
  • Queensland: Bulloo River basin, Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
  • South Australia: Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, S Gulfs, SE coastal, W plateau
  • Tasmania
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Western Australia: N coastal, NW coastal, SW coastal, W plateau

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, gregarious, predator, subtropical, under bark, volant, woodland.

Extra Ecological Information

Experiences torpor.

General References

Brigham, E.M., Francis, R.L. & Hamdorf, S. 1997. Microhabitat use by two species of Nyctophilus bats: a test of ecomorphology theory. Australian Journal of Zoology 45: 553-560

Brigham, R.M. & Geiser, F. 1998. Seasonal activity patterns of two species of Nyctophilus bats based on mist net captures. Australian Mammalogy 20: 349-352

Churchill, S.K., Hall, L.S. & Helman, P.M. 1984. Observations on long-eared bats (Vespertilionidae: Nyctophilus) from northern Australia. Australian Mammalogy 7: 17-28

Ellis, W.A.H., Marples, T.G. & Phillips, W.R. 1991. The effects of a temperature-determined food supply on the annual activity cycle of the lesser long-eared bat, Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach, 1821 (Microchiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 39: 263-271

Friend, G.R. & Braithwaite, R.W. 1986. Bat fauna of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory. Australian Mammalogy 9: 43-52

Grant, J.D. 1991. Prey location by two Australian long-eared bats, Nyctophilus gouldi and N. geoffroyi. Australian Journal of Zoology 39: 45-56

Green, R.H. 1966. Notes on lesser long-eared bat Nyctophilus geoffroyi in Northern Tasmania. Records of the Queen Victoria Museum, Launceston ns 22: 1-4 pls 1-4

Hosken, D.J. 1996. Roost selection by the lesser long eared bat, Nyctophilus geoffroyi, and the greater long eared bat, N. major (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in banksia woodland. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 79: 211-216

Hosken, D.J. 1997. Reproduction and the female reproductive cycle of Nyctophilus geoffroyi and N. major. Australian Journal of Zoology 45: 489-504

Hosken, D.J. 1998. Sperm fertility and skewed paternity during sperm competition in the Australian long-eared bat Nyctophilus geoffroyi (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Journal of Zoology, London 245: 93-100

Hosken, D.J., Bailey, W.J., O'Shea, J.E. & Roberts, J.D. 1994. Localisation of insect calls by the bat Nyctophilus geoffroyi (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae): a laboratory study. Australian Journal of Zoology 42: 177-184

Hosken, D.J., Blackberry, M.A., Stewart, T.B. & Stucki, A.F. 1998. The male reproductive cycle of three species of Australian vespertilionid bat. Journal of Zoology, London 245: 261-270

Kulzer, E., Nelson, J.E., McKean, J.L. & Möhres, F.P. 1970. Untersuchungen über die Temperaturregulation australischer Fledermäuse (Microchiroptera). Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Physiologie 69: 426-451

Lumsden, L.F. & Bennett, A.F. 1995. Bats of a semi-arid environment in south-eastern Australia: Biogeography, ecology and conservation. Wildlife Research 22: 217-240

Maddock, T.H. 1972. The Lesser Long-eared Bat, Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach, cave-dweller or occasional visitor. South Australian Naturalist 46: 63-64

Maddock, T.H. & Tidemann, C.R. 1995. Lesser Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus geoffroyi. pp. 502-503 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

McKean, J.L. & Hamilton-Smith, E. 1967. Litter size and maternity sites in Australian bats (Chiroptera). Victorian Naturalist 84: 203-206

Stephan, H., Nelson, J.E. & Frahm, H.D. 1981. Brain size comparison in Chiroptera. Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung 19: 195-222

Stephan, H. & Nelson, J.E. 1981. Brains of Australian Chiroptera 1. Encephalization and macromorphology. Australian Journal of Zoology 29: 653-670

Taylor, R.J. & O'Neill, M.G. 1986. Composition of the bat communities in Tasmanian forests. Australian Mammalogy 9: 125-130

Taylor, R.J. & Savva, N.M. 1988. Use of roost sites by four species of bats in state forest in south-eastern Tasmania. Australian Wildlife Research 15: 637-645

Temminck, C.J. 1835. Sur le nouveau genre Nyctophile. —` Nyctophilus (Leach). pp. 46–48 pl. 34. In, Temminck, C.J. (1835–1841). (ed.). Monographies de Mammalogie, ou description de quelques genres de mammifères, dont les espèces ont été observées dans les différens musées de l'Europe. Ouvrage accompagné de planches d'Ostéologie, pouvant servir de suite et de complément aux Notices sur les animaux vivans, publiées par M. le baron G. Cuvier, dans ses Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles. Paris : G. Dufour & E. D'Ocagne Vol. 1.

Vestjens, W.J.M. & Hall, L.S. 1977. Stomach contents of forty-two species of bats from the Australasian region. Australian Wildlife Research 4: 25-35

Woodside, D.P. & Taylor, K.J. 1985. Echolocation calls of fourteen bats from eastern New South Wales. Australian Mammalogy 8: 279-298

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Lesser Long-eared Bat)

History of changes

• Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach, W.E. 1821. The characters of seven genera of bats with foliaceous appendages to the nose. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 13: 73-82 pl. 7 [publication date established from Raphael, S. 1970. The publication dates of the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 1, 1791–1875. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London 2: 61–76 [75]] [78].

  Type data:

   Holotype RMNH 17985 skin & skull (the holotype is Nyctophilus timoriënsis Geoffroy specimen b of Jentink, F.A. (1887). op. cit. pp. 273–274 and Jentink, F.A. 1888. Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle des Pays-Bas. Tome XII. Catalogue systématique des mammifères (rongeurs, insectivores, cheiroptères, édentés et marsupiaux). Leide : E.J. Brill 280 pp. [171–172]), Australia (as Australie).

  Type locality references:

  Jentink, F.A. 1887. Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle des Pays-Bas. Catalogue ostéologique des mammifères. Leide : E.J. Brill Vol. 9 360 pp. 12 pls. [274].
• Nyctophilus australis Peters, W. 1861. Über die Chiropterengattung Nyctophilus. Physikalische Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1860: 123-137 1 pl. [125].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) ZMB 563 ♂ skin (wet, skull not extracted), ?WA (as wahrscheinlich Westaustralien); ZMB 563 ♂ skin (wet), ?WA (as wahrscheinlich Westaustralien); whereabouts unknown skull (and postcranial skeleton) (not found in ZMB), ?WA (as wahrscheinlich Westaustralien).

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Coolgardie (COO), Central Ranges (CR), Dampierland (DL), Esperance Plains (ESP), Gascoyne (GAS), Gibson Desert (GD), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), Mallee (MAL), Murchison (MUR), Northern Kimberley (NK), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pilbara (PIL), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, gregarious, predator, subtropical, under bark, volant, woodland.

History of changes

• Barbastellus pacificus Gray, J.E. 1831. Descriptions of some new genera and species of bats. pp. 37-38 in Gray, J.E. (ed.). The Zoological Miscellany. London : Treuttel, Würtz & Co. Vol. 1. [38].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 84.410 (=47a) ♂ skin (wet) & skull, 'Islands of the Pacific ocean' see J.E. Gray's BMNH manuscript Catalogue of Mammalia Vol. 1 Primates and Chiroptera (entry for species 47a).

  Type locality references:

  Thomas, O. 1915. Notes on the genus Nyctophilus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 15: 493-499 [495] (observes that the exact locality of the type of B. pacificus is unknown, but he names SE Australia and Tasmania as the habitat of that form).
• Nyctophilus unicolor Tomes, R.F. 1858. A monograph of the genus Nyctophilus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1858: 25-37 [publication date established from Sclater, P.L. 1893. List of the dates of receipt from the Printers of the sheets of the Society's 'Proceedings' from 1831 to 1859 inclusive. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893: 435–440 [440]] [33].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) BMNH 59.11.18.11 skin (wet, skull not extracted), TAS (as Van Diemen's Land); BMNH 7.1.1.342 skin & skull, TAS (as Van Diemen's Land); BMNH 7.1.1.343 skin & skull included, TAS (as Van Diemen's Land).
• Nyctophilus geayi Trouessart, E.-L. 1915. Nouvelle espèce de genre Nyctophilus (N. geayi). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris [published 1907-1971] 21: 146-147 [146].

  Type data:

   Holotype MNHP 1979.386 ♂ skin (wet) (skull not found in MNHP), forests bordering Nicholson River, VIC (as Forêts au bord de la rivière Nicholson dans l'État de Victoria).

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Channel Country (CHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Gulf Plains (GUP), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, gregarious, predator, subtropical, under bark, volant, woodland.

History of changes

• Nyctophilus geoffroyi pallescens Thomas, O. 1913. Two new Australian mammals. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 11: 79-80 [79].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 7.1.4.1 ♂ skin & skull, Alexandria, NT, 800 ft.

Distribution

States

South Australia

IBRA

SA: Channel Country (CHC), Central Ranges (CR), Finke (FIN), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP)

Ecological Descriptors

Cave dweller, gregarious, predator, subtropical, under bark, volant, woodland.

History of changes

• Nyctophilus gouldi Tomes, R.F. 1858. A monograph of the genus Nyctophilus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1858: 25-37 [publication date established from Sclater, P.L. 1893. List of the dates of receipt from the Printers of the sheets of the Society's 'Proceedings' from 1831 to 1859 inclusive. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893: 435–440 [440]] [31].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH 7.1.1. 339 skin & skull included, Moreton Bay, QLD and Bathurst, NSW.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Gregarious, predator, under bark, volant, woodland.

Extra Ecological Information

Gleans food from foliage, hibernates.

General References

Allison, F.R. 1983. North Queensland Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus bifax. 333 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Australian Museum Complete Book of Australian Mammals. The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Angus & Robertson.

Brigham, E.M., Francis, R.L. & Hamdorf, S. 1997. Microhabitat use by two species of Nyctophilus bats: a test of ecomorphology theory. Australian Journal of Zoology 45: 553-560

Brigham, R.M. & Geiser, F. 1998. Seasonal activity patterns of two species of Nyctophilus bats based on mist net captures. Australian Mammalogy 20: 349-352

Churchill, S.K., Hall, L.S. & Helman, P.M. 1984. Observations on long-eared bats (Vespertilionidae: Nyctophilus) from northern Australia. Australian Mammalogy 7: 17-28

Fenton, M.B. 1982. Echolocation calls and patterns of hunting and habitat use of bats (Microchiroptera) from Chillagoe, north Queensland. Australian Journal of Zoology 30: 417-425

Grant, J.D. 1991. Prey location by two Australian long-eared bats, Nyctophilus gouldi and N. geoffroyi. Australian Journal of Zoology 39: 45-56

Guppy, A. & Coles, R.B. 1988. Acoustical and neural aspects of hearing in the Australian gleaning bats, Macroderma gigas and Nyctophilus gouldi. Journal of Comparative Physiology. A. Sensory, Neural and Behavioral Physiology 162: 653-668

Koopman, K.F. 1984. Taxonomic and distributional notes on tropical Australian bats. American Museum Novitates 2778: 1-48 [27] (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement considers N. bifax a synonym of N. gouldi)

Parnaby, H.E. 1987. Distribution and taxonomy of Nyctophilus gouldi Tomes, 1858 and Nyctophilus bifax Thomas, 1915 in eastern Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 109: 153-174 (synonymy with N. daedalus)

Phillips, W. 1995. Gould's Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus gouldi. pp. 504-505 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Phillips, W.R. & Inwards, S.J. 1985. The annual activity and breeding sycles of Gould's long-eared bat, Nyctophilus gouldi (Microchiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 33: 111-126

Tideman, C.R. & Flavel, S.C. 1987. Factors affecting choice of diurnal roost site by tree-hole bats (Microchiroptera) in south-east Australia. Australian Wildlife Research 14: 459-173

Vestjens, W.J.M. & Hall, L.S. 1977. Stomach contents of forty-two species of bats from the Australasian region. Australian Wildlife Research 4: 25-35

Woodside, D.P. & Taylor, K.J. 1985. Echolocation calls of fourteen bats from eastern New South Wales. Australian Mammalogy 8: 279-298

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Gould's Long-eared Bat)

History of changes

• Nyctophilus holtorum Parnaby, H.E., King, A.G. & Eldridge, M.D.B. 2021. A New Bat Species from Southwestern Western Australia, Previously Assigned to Gould’s Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus gouldi Tomes, 1858. Records of the Australian Museum 73(1): 53-66 [60].

  Type data:

   Holotype WAM M.64188 ♂ (ex AM M.39799), State Forest c. 10 km northeast of Waroona, WA [32°47'54"S 116°00'53"E].
  Paratype(s) AM M.39806-07 2 ♂, Northcliffe-Windy Harbour Road, 200 m north of road to Mt Chudalup, D’Entrecasteau National Park, WA [34°45'37"S 116°05'06"E]; AM M.39809-12 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Northcliffe-Windy Harbour Road, 3.2 km south of road to Mt Chudalup, D’Entrecasteau National Park, WA [34°47'17"S 116°04'30"E]; AM M.39813 ♀, c. 10 km northeast of Waroona, WA [32°47'54"S 116°00'53"E]; WAM M.19164 ♀, Manjimup Post Office, WA [34°15'00"S 116°32'00"E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

West of Albany to north of Gin Gin, WA, one voucher specimen from southern Avon Wheatbelt but region extensively cleared of vegetation

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Jarrah Forest (JF), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR)

Ecological Descriptors

Jarrah Forest (associated flora: Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith, 1802 [MYRTACEAE] Jarrah [Australian Indigenous]), Marri Forest (associated flora: Corymbia calophylla (Lindley) Hill & Johnson, 1841 [MYRTACEAE] Marri [Australian Indigenous]).

Common Name References

Parnaby, H.E., King, A.G. & Eldridge, M.D.B. 2021. A New Bat Species from Southwestern Western Australia, Previously Assigned to Gould’s Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus gouldi Tomes, 1858. Records of the Australian Museum 73(1): 53-66 [62] (Holt’s Long-eared Bat.)

History of changes

• Nyctophilus howensis McKean, J.L. 1975. The bats of Lord Howe Island with a description of a new nyctophiline bat. Australian Mammalogy 1: 329-332.

  Type data:

   Holotype CM4724 Skull, Lord Howe Island.

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Considered to be extinct — see EPBC Act 1999; van Dyck & Strahan (2008: 524)

Known only from type locality.

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater

Ecological Descriptors

Known only from the type specimen.

Common Name References

ABRS 2001. Census of Australian Vertebrates. Australian Biological Resources Study. (Lord Howe Long-eared Bat)

Clayton, M., Wombey, J.C., Mason, I.J., Chesser, R.T. & Wells, A. 2006. CSIRO List of Australian Vertebrates: A Reference with Conservation Status. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing iv 162 pp. [110] (Lord Howe Island Bat)

History of changes

Generic Combinations

• Nyctophilus timoriensis major J.E. Gray, 1844.

Taxonomic Decision for Subspecies Arrangement

• Parnaby, H.E. 2009. A taxonomic review of Australian Greater Long-eared Bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. The Australian Zoologist 35(1): 39-81 (two subspecies recognised)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Dampierland (DL), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Bulloo River basin, Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin
  • Queensland: Bulloo River basin, Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin
  • South Australia: Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal, W plateau
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin
  • Western Australia: NW coastal, SW coastal, W plateau

General References

Parnaby, H.E. 2009. A taxonomic review of Australian Greater Long-eared Bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. The Australian Zoologist 35(1): 39-81

van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. 2008. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp.

Common Name References

van Dyck, S. & Strahan, R. 2008. The Mammals of Australia. Third Edition. Sydney : Reed New Holland 887 pp. [525] (Central Long-eared Bat)

History of changes

• Nyctophilus major Gray, J.E. 1844. Beasts. pls18-22, 25-29 in Richardson, J. & Gray, J.E. (1844–1875). (eds). The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Erebus & Terror, under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, R.N., F.R.S., during the years 1839 to 1843. Mammalia, birds. London : E.W. Janson Vol. 1. [plate 21, 28 and 29, three of ten Beasts plates (18–22, 25–29) that illustrate Gray, J.E. 1875. Miscellanea. pp. 12a–12d in Richardson, J. & Gray, J.E. (1844–1875) (eds). The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Erebus & Terror, under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, R.N., F.R.S., during the years 1839 to 1843. Mammalia, birds. London : E.W. Janson Vol. 1; the plates do not have a date printed on them; Tomes, R.F. 1857. On the species of bats inhabiting New Zealand. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1857: 134–142 pls 53–54 [138], Dobson, G.E. 1975. On the genus Scotophilus, with description of a new genus and species allied thereto. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 368–373 [372] and Tate, G.H.H. 1941. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 40 Notes on vespertilionid bats of the subfamilies Miniopterinae, Murininae, Kerivoulinae, and Nyctophilinae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 78: 567–597 [595] record the date of Beasts plates 20 (Dobson), 21 (Tate) and 22 (Tomes) as 1844; in contrast to Tomes op. cit., Dobson op. cit. and Tate op. cit., Thomas, O. 1888. Catalogue of the Marsupialia and Monotremata in the Collection of the British Museum (Natural History). London : British Museum xiii 401 pp. 28 pls [3 Nov. 1888] [277] writes that the Beasts plates were prepared in 1845, but although they were seen privately and quoted by several authors long before, their 'real publication' only took place in 1875; Saunders, J. 1875. List of the Books, Memoirs, and Miscellaneous Papers by Dr. John Edward Gray, F.R.S. with a few Historical Notes. London : Taylor & Francis (Printers) 58 pp. [19] records Gray's work no. 278 as 'Figures of new species of Australian Mammalia. Zool. Ereb. and Terror, 1844, 4 to.' and on the basis of this information the publication date of Beasts plate 21, 28 and 29 is taken by Mahoney, J.A. in Walton, D.W. (ed.) 1988. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 5 Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service x 274 pp. [155, 169], as 1844; early authors who cite Beasts plates include Gunn, R.C. 1852. A list of the mammals indigenous to Tasmania. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of. Van Diemen's Land 2: 77–90 [Beasts plates 19, 21, 25 cited on pp. 78, 82], Gould, J. 1858. The Mammals of Australia. Pt 10. London : J. Gould (Beasts plate 20 cited on unnumbered page of text entitled Scotophilus greyi, Gray. Grey's Scotophilus.) and Peters, W. 1861. Über die Chiropterengattung Nyctophilus. Phys. Abh. K. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1860: 123–137 1 pl. (Beasts plate 21 cited on p. 125); Saunders, J. op. cit., p. 1 states that the List of the Books, Memoirs, and Miscellaneous Papers by Dr. John Edward Grey was commenced by Gray himself in the latter part of 1871 and the papers which he (Saunders) added were those published in 1874–75; Gray died on 7th March, 1875; Gould's collector in Western Australia in 1843 was J. Gilbert; a label attached to the skin of the holotype has the date 20th March, 1843 inscribed on it and this is three days later than the date that Whittell, H.M. 1942. A review of the work of John Gilbert in Western Australia. Part III. Emu 41: 289–305 [295] gives for Gilbert's return to Fremantle from Houtman Abrolhos, W. Australia] [Gould's collector in Western Australia in 1843 was J. Gilbert; a label attached to the skin of the holotype has the date 20th March, 1843 inscribed on it and this is three days later than the date that Whittell, H.M. 1942. A review of the work of John Gilbert in Western Australia. Part III. Emu 41: 289–305 [295] gives for Gilbert's return to Fremantle from Houtman Abrolhos, W. Australia].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 44.7.9.20 skin & skull (the BMNH Register records that specimen no. 44.7.9.20 was purchased from J. Gould), 'Perth', WA.

  Type locality references:

  Thomas, O. 1915. Notes on the genus Nyctophilus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 15: 493-499 [494].

  Secondary source:

   Whittell, H.M. 1942. A review of the work of John Gilbert in Western Australia. Part III. The Emu 41: 289-305.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

WA: Jarrah Forest (JF), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Warren (WAR)

General References

Parnaby, H.E. 2009. A taxonomic review of Australian Greater Long-eared Bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. The Australian Zoologist 35(1): 39-81

History of changes

• Nyctophilus major tor Parnaby, H.E. 2009. A taxonomic review of Australian Greater Long-eared Bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. The Australian Zoologist 35(1): 39-81 [58].

  Type data:

   Holotype WAM 63601 (previously AM39782) adult ♂, Johnnies Dam, Jaurdi Station, 125 km W of Kalgoorie, Western Australia [30°46'S 120°07'E].
  Paratype(s) WAM 5 specimens (held in SAMA, WAM, AM).

Distribution

States

South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

SA, WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Coolgardie (COO), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Gawler (GAW), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Mallee (MAL), Murchison (MUR), Nullarbor (NUL), Yalgoo (YAL)

History of changes

• Nyctophilus sherrini Thomas, O. 1915. Notes on the genus Nyctophilus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 15: 493-499 [495].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 52.1.15.50 ♂ skin (wet) & skull, TAS.

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE)

General References

Mahoney, J.A. in Walton, D.W. (ed.) 1988. Zoological Catalogue of Australia Volume 5. Mammalia. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service x 274 pp. [Date published 13/Apr/1988] [141] (as synonym of N. timoriensis)

History of changes