Species Hyporhamphus melanochir (Valenciennes, 1847)
Southern Garfish, Dusky Garfish, Dusky Sea Garfish, Gardie, Garfish, Pencils, Sea Garfish, South Australian Garfish, Southern Sea Garfish, Western Sea Garfish
- Hemiramphus melanochir Valenciennes, A. in Cuvier, G.L. & Valenciennes, A. 1847. Histoire Naturelle des Poissons. Paris : Levrault Vol. 19 544 pp. pls 554-590. [41] [as malanochir on p. 41, spelled correctly in table of contents].
Type data:
Lectotype MNHP B-1066, Adelaide, SA (as Port Western, New Holland).
Paralectotype(s) MNHP B-2636 2 specimens (ex MNHN B-1066).Subsequent designation references:
Collette, B.B. 1974. The garfishes (Hemiramphidae) of Australia and New Zealand. Records of the Australian Museum 29(2): 11-105 figs 1-23 [71].Type locality references:
Collette, B.B. 1974. The garfishes (Hemiramphidae) of Australia and New Zealand. Records of the Australian Museum 29(2): 11-105 figs 1-23 [69] (suggested that type locality of Port Western was Adelaide, SA, rather than Western Port, Victoria).
Generic Combinations
- Reporhamphus melanochir (Valenciennes, 1847). —
Whitley, G.P. 1931. New names for Australian fishes. The Australian Zoologist 6(4): 310-334 1 fig. pls 25-27 [314] (changed combination with description of genus Reporhamphus) - Hyporhamphus melanochir (Valenciennes, 1847). —
Collette, B.B. 1974. The garfishes (Hemiramphidae) of Australia and New Zealand. Records of the Australian Museum 29(2): 11-105 figs 1-23 [69] (changed combination cited)
Miscellaneous Literature Names
- Hemirhamphus intermedius Cantor, 1842 [misidentification]. —
Klunzinger, C.B. 1872. Zur Fische-fauna von Süd Australien. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 38(1): 17-47 pl. 2 [42] (Victoria) - Hemirhamphus intermedius Cantor, 1842 [misidentification]. —
Günther, A. 1866. Catalogue of the Fishes of the British Museum. Catalogue of the Physostomi, containing the families Salmonidae, Percopsidae, Galaxidae, Mormyridae, Gymnarchidae, Esocidae, Umbridae, Scombresocidae, Cyprinodontidae, in the collection of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 6 368 pp. [260] (in part, considered H. melanochir to be a junior synonym of H. intermedius)
McCoy, F. (ed.) 1887. Prodromus of the Zoology of Victoria Decade 14. Melbourne : George Robertson. [133, pl. 135] - Hemirhamphus melanochir (Valenciennes, 1847) [misspelling of generic name]. —
Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [56] - Hemiramphus australis Steindachner, 1866 [misidentification]. —
Grant, E.M. 1965. Guide to Fishes. Brisbane : Department of Primary Industries 280 pp. [1965–1982] [38] (used figure from McCoy 1887 Hemiramphus intermedius)
Introduction
Collette (1974) considered this species to be confined to southern waters and separate from the closely related Hyporhamphus australis, with both overlapping at Eden, NSW. Hybrids between the two sepcies were also reported from Eden by Collette (1974). Noell et al. (2001) found only slight genetic differences between the two species and suggested further work was needed on various populations of the two species. Recent records of Hyporhamphus melanochir suggest the species may be more widespread in NSW and Western Australia and those records require confirmation. Tentatively we follow Collette (1974) here.
Distribution
States
New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Eden, NSW to Perth, WA (31°S), possibly farther north in NSW; temperate.
Australian Endemic.
IBRA
NSW, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA)
IMCRA
Southwest Shelf Transition (30), Southwest Shelf Province (31), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Tasmanian Shelf Province (36), Southeast Shelf Transition (37)
Ecological Descriptors
Estuary, inshore, pelagic.
Extra Ecological Information
Depth range: 0-20 m.
General References
Collette, B.B. 1974. The garfishes (Hemiramphidae) of Australia and New Zealand. Records of the Australian Museum 29(2): 11-105 figs 1-23 [69]
Gomon, M.F. 1994. Families Exocoetidae, Hemiramphidae, Scomberesocidae. pp. 383-393 figs 343-351 in Gomon, M.F., Glover, C.J.M. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. Adelaide : State Printer 992 pp. 810 figs. [389]
Gomon, M.F. 2008. Family Hemiramphidae. pp. 406-407 in Gomon, M.F., Bray, D.J. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds). Fishes of Australia's Southern Coast. Sydney : Reed New Holland 928 pp. [407]
Hutchins, J.B. 2001. Checklist of the fishes of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 63: 9-50 [24]
McCulloch, A.R. 1929. A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part I. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 5: 1–144 [102] (as H. intermedius, in part, excluding NSW specimens)
Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [56] (401)
Noell, C.J., Donnellan, S., Foster, R. & Haigh, L. 2001. Molecular discrimination of Garfish Hyporhamphus (Beloniformes) larvae in southern Australian waters. Marine Biotechnology 3: 509–514
Paxton, J.R., J.E. Gates & D.F. Hoese 2006. Hemiramphidae. pp. 732-739 in Hoese, D.F., Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. & Allen, G.R. Fishes. In, Beesley, P.L. & Wells, A. (eds) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Volume 35 Australia : ABRS & CSIRO Publishing Parts 1-3, 2178 pp. [736]
Whitley, G.P. 1964. A survey of Australian Ichthyology. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 89(1): 11-127 [38] (567, as Reporhamphus melanochir)
Common Name References
Allan, R. 2002. Australian Fish and How to Catch Them. Sydney : New Holland Publishers (Australia) 394 pp. [155] (Western Sea Garfish)
Coleman, N. 1980. Australian Sea Fishes South of 30ºS. Lane Cove, NSW : Doubleday Australia Pty Ltd 309 pp. [67] (Dusky Sea Garfish)
Gomon, M.F., Glover, C.J.M. & Kuiter, R.H. (eds) 1994. The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. Adelaide : State Printer 992 pp. 810 figs. [390] (Gardie, Garfish, Pencils, Sea Garfish)
Haling, G., Kennedy, T., Last, P. & Palmer, R. 1988. Recommended Marketing Names for Fish. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service 238 pp. [71] (Australian Marketing Name) (Southern Garfish)
Hutchins, J.B. & Swainston, R. 1986. Sea Fishes of Southern Australia. Complete field guide for anglers and divers. Perth : Swainston Publishing 180 pp. [124] (Southern Sea Garfish)
Hutchins, J.B. & Thompson, M. 1983. The Marine and Estuarine Fishes of South-western Australia. Perth : Western Australian Museum 103 pp. 345 figs. [22] (South Australian Garfish)
Kuiter, R.H. 1993. Coastal Fishes of South-eastern Australia. Bathurst : Crawford House Press 437 pp. [64] (Southern Garfish)
May, J.L. & Maxwell, J.G.H. 1986. Field Guide to Trawl Fish from Temperate Waters of Australia. Hobart : CSIRO Division of Marine Research 492 pp. [214] (Dusky Garfish)
Pollard, J. (ed.) 1980. G.P. Whitley's Handbook of Australian Fishes. North Sydney : Jack Pollard Publishing Pty Ltd 629 pp. [64] (South Australian Garfish)
Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Southern Garfish)
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29-Mar-2018 | BELONIFORMES | 20-Jun-2017 | MODIFIED | Dr Dianne Bray (NMV) Dr Doug Hoese (AM) Dr Matthew Lockett (AM) |
| 27-Jul-2010 | MODIFIED |