Species Stegostoma tigrinum (Forster, 1781)
Zebra Shark, Leopard Shark
- Squalus tigrinus Forster, J.R. 1781. Indische Zoologie, oder systematische Beschreibungen seltener und unbekaunter Thieve aus Indien, &c. Von Juhn Reinhold Forster. Halle : Johann Jacob Gebauer 42 pp. [24, pl. 13(fig. 2)] [name often attributed to Pennant, 1764, but name was a nomen nudum].
Type data:
Status unknown, Indian Ocean. - Squalus varium Seba, A. 1759. Locupletissimi rerum naturalium thesauri accurata descriptio et iconibus artificiosissimis expressio per universam physices historiam. Amsterdam. Vol. 3. 212 pp. 116 pls [105] [invalid name; regarded as not available since publication and index not binominal (see Kottelat (2013)].
Type data:
Lectotype SMF 3152 (probably an invalid designation), unknown locality.Subsequent designation references:
Klausewitz, W. 1960. Die typoide des Naturmuseums Senckenberg, 23: Pisces, Chondrichthys, Elasmobranchii. Senckenbergiana Biologica 41(5/6): 289-296 [290 fig.]. - Squalus fasciatum Hermann, J. 1783. Tabula affinitatum Animalium. Argensorati. (Treuttel) 370 pp. [not seen] [302] [based on Squalus varium Seba, 1758; widely used as the valid name for this species following Compagno (1984)].
Type data:
Lectotype whereabouts unknown, uncertain locality, probably Indonesia.Subsequent designation references:
Fricke, R. 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez). An annotated checklist with descriptions of new species. Theses Zoologicae 31: 1-759 figs 1-9 [13] (the specimen figured in Seba 1758, pl. 34, fig 1). - Stegostoma tigrinum naucum Whitley, G.P. 1939. Taxonomic notes on sharks and rays. The Australian Zoologist 9(3): 227-262 figs 1-18 pls 20-22 [229, fig. 2].
Type data:
Holotype AM I.4174, Hawkesbury River, NSW.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Compagno, L.J.V. 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Rome : FAO Vol. 4(1) pp. 1-249. [200]
- Dahl, R.B., Sigsgaard, E.E., Mwangi, G., Thomsen, P.F., Jørgensen, R.D., Torquato, F. de O., Olsen, L. & Møller, P.R. 2019. The Sandy Zebra Shark: A new color morph of the Zebra Shark Stegostoma tigrinum, with a redescription of the species and a revision of its nomenclature. Copeia 107(3): 524-541 [526-528]
Generic Combinations
- Stegostoma fasciatum (Hermann, 1783). —
Müller, J. & Henle, F.G.J. 1837. Gattungen der Haifische und Rochen, nach ihrer Arbeit: "Ueber die Naturgeschichte der Knorpelfische". Bericht der Königlisch Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1836: 111-118 [112] (changed combination as type of genus Stegostoma) - Stegostoma tigrinum (Pennant, 1764). —
McCulloch, A.R. 1929. A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part I. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 5: 1–144 [7] (nomen nudum in Pennant)
Stead, D.G. 1963. Sharks and Rays of Australian Seas. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 211 pp. 63 figs. [200] - Stegostoma varium (Seba, 1758). —
Goto, T. 2001. Comparative anatomy, phylogeny and cladistic classification of the order Orectolobiformes (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchi). Memoirs of the Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University 48(1): 1-100 [83] (argued that Seba's work is binomial and the name Stegostoma varium is an available name)
Introduction
Two other names have commonly been used for this species: Stegostoma varium (Seba, 1759) and Stegostoma fasciatum (Hermann, 1783)(see Goto 2001). Dahl et al (2019) discuss reasons for S. varium to be treated as invalid, and suggested the correct name should be Stegostoma tigrinum (Forster, 1781) as the next available name, applied two years prior to Stegostoma fasciatum. The suggestion of Dahl et al (2019) has since been broadly accepted and is the arrangement we follow here. See Dahl et al (2019) for a full discussion.
Distribution
States
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Port Gregory, WA (28º11´S) to Montague Island, NSW (36º15´S) and several islands of the Coral Sea; tropical, Indo-west Pacific.
IMCRA
Timor Transition (1), Central Eastern Transition (15), Northeast Province (18), Northeast Transition (19), Cape Province (20), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Western Shelf Transition (28), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Southwest Shelf Transition (30), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)
Other Regions
Coral Sea Islands Territory, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Ecological Descriptors
Benthic, coral reef, inshore, marine, rock reef.
General References
Compagno, L.J.V. 1998. Families Ginglymostomatidae, Stegostomatidae, Rhincodontidae. pp. 1260-1263 in Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fisheries Purposes. Rome : FAO Vol. 2 687-1396 pp. [1262]
Dahl, R.B., Sigsgaard, E.E., Mwangi, G., Thomsen, P.F., Jørgensen, R.D., Torquato, F. de O., Olsen, L. & Møller, P.R. 2019. The Sandy Zebra Shark: A new color morph of the Zebra Shark Stegostoma tigrinum, with a redescription of the species and a revision of its nomenclature. Copeia 107(3): 524-541 [526]
Goto, T. 2001. Comparative anatomy, phylogeny and cladistic classification of the order Orectolobiformes (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchi). Memoirs of the Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University 48(1): 1-100
Grant, E.M. 2002. Guide to Fishes. Redcliffe : EM Grant Pty Ltd 880 pp. [32]
Kottelat, M. 2013. The fishes of the inland waters of southeast Asia: a catalogue and core bibliography of the fishes known to occur in freshwaters, mangroves and estuaries. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 27: 1-663 [19]
McCulloch, A.R. 1929. A check-list of the fishes recorded from Australia. Part I. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 5: 1–144 [7] (as Stegostoma tigrinum)
Munro, I.S.R. 1961. Handbook of Australian fishes. Nos 1–42. Australian Fisheries Newsletter 15–17, 19, 20: 1-172 [published as separates 1956–1961] [5] (31)
Stead, D.G. 1963. Sharks and Rays of Australian Seas. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 211 pp. 63 figs. [199] (as Stegastoma tigrinum)
Whitley, G.P. 1940. The Fishes of Australia. Part 1. The sharks, rays, devil-fish, and other primitive fishes of Australia and New Zealand. Sydney : Roy. Zool. Soc. N.S.W. 280 pp. 303 figs. [84] (as Stegostoma tigrinum naucrum)
Whitley, G.P. 1964. A survey of Australian Ichthyology. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 89(1): 11-127 [33] (28, as Stegostoma tigrinum)
Common Name References
Randall, J.E., Allen, G.R. & Steene, R. 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Bathurst : Crawford House Press 507 pp. figs. [15] (Leopard Shark)
Seafood Services Australia 2008. Australian Fish Names Standard. http://www.fishnames.com.au/. (Zebra Shark)
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16-Apr-2012 | 25-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |