History of changes

Introduction

The Sphingidae are among the best sampled moths. The majority of the sphingid species occurring in Australia have distibutions extending well into south-east Asia and beyond. As a consequence many species occurring in Australia were first described from localities outside Australia. Becuase of the considerable interest in the family many taxa have been named repeatedly, and many forms described, creating often complex synonymies.

A significant early list of the family was part of Francis Walker's catalogue of lepidopterous insects in the British Musuem; Walker (1856b) listed 436 species of which 19 were recorded from Australia. Both Boisduval ([1875]) and Butler (1876b) revised the family and Butler increased the number of species to 615 with 28 from Australia.

Miskin (1891b) revised the Australian fauna listing 45 species. In the same year T.P. Lucas (1891b), because of rivalry between himself and Miskin, preempted Miskin's revision by describing nine new Australian sphingids in a paper published both privately and in The Queenslander newspaper. The following year Swinhoe (1892) published his catalogue of the sphingids in the Oxford University Museum and Kirby (1892) catalogued the world fauna and corrected several errors first introduced by Miskin (1891b). Miskin, Swinhoe and Kirby were all unable to refer to the paper published by Lucas (1891b).

The most significant single advancement in sphingid systematics came when Rothschild & Jordan (1903) published their monograph which still remains one of the most important references to the group. It included numerous illustrations many of which detail genitalia structures, a practice almost unheard of at the time. This work combined with their update of the family (Rothschild & Jordan 1907) established a classfication that is still widely accepted. Shortly after, Wagner (1913-1919) catalogued the world fauna and provided, for the first time, detailed literature references for every species, subspecies and synonym.

Seitz's multivolumed Macrolepidoptera of the World (1907-1935) complemented Rothschild & Jordan's monograph and Wagner's catalogue wih a comprehensive set of quality colour plates illustrating most species. At the time of publication of the Indo-Australian volume on moths (Seitz 1928-1929) nearly all Australian sphingids had been named with only one, Langia tropicus Moulds, 1983, having been named since 1911. Seitz remained the standard reference for sphingid identification until D'Abrera ([1987]) published his lavish pictorial work illustrating over 1000 species. Fletcher & Nye (1982) catalogued the generic names of the sphingids of the world and Bridges (1993) the family-group, genus-group and species-group names of the world fauna.

A recent review of the Australian species in the genus Macroglossum has been published (Moulds 1985) and Common (1990) provides a detailed account of the family. Moulds has in preparation a monographic account of the Australian sphingid fauna and has published on larval food plants (Moulds 1998).

This Checklist includes 64 Australian species placed in 22 genera. The systematic arrangement largely follows the classification of Rothschild & Jordan (1903, 1907) which was subsequently adopted by D'Abrera ([1987]) on the advice of the late Alan Hayes.

General References

Bridges, C.A. 1993. Catalogue of the Family-group, Genus-group and Species-group Names of the Sphingidae of the World. Introduction, Parts 1–12, Appendix 1–3. Urbana : C.A. Bridges.

Butler, A.G. 1876. Revision of the Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9(3): 511-644, pls 90-94

Common, I.F.B. 1990. Moths of Australia. Carlton : Melbourne University Press vi+535 pp., 32 pls.

D'Abrera, B. 1987. Sphingidae Mundi. Hawk moths of the world. Based on a Checklist by Alan Hayes and the Collection he curated in the British Museum (Natural History). Faringdon. : E.W. Classey ix+226 pp. [Note: The title page is dated 1986 but the Book was not available until the following year]

Fletcher, D.S. & Nye, I.W.B. 1982. Bombycoidea, Castnioidea, Cossoidea, Mimallonoidea, Sesioidea, Sphingoidea, Zygaenoidea. In, Nye, I.W.B. (ed.). The Generic Names of Moths of the World. London : British Museum (Natural History) Vol. 4 xiv+192 pp., frontispiece.

Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp.

Miskin, W.H. 1891. A revision of the Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 1-28

Moulds, M.S. 1985. A review of the Australian hawk moths of the genus Macroglossum Scopoli (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Australian Entomological Magazine 12(5): 81-105

Moulds, M.S. 1998. New larval food plants for Australian hawk moths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Australian Entomologist 25(1): 13-22

Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67

Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1907. Lepidoptera Heterocera. Fam. Sphingidae. Genera Insectorum 57: 1-157, pls 1-8

Seitz, A. 1929. Family Sphingidae. Pp. 523-576, pls 47, 56, 56c, 60-68 in Seitz, A. (ed.). [1928-1929]. The Macrolepidoptera of the World. 10. Bombyces and Sphinges of the Indo-Australian Region. Stuttgart : Alfred Kernen Verlag 2 vols 909 pp., 100 pls.

Swinhoe, C. 1892. Catalogue of eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the Oxford University Museum. Part 1. Sphinges and Bombyces. Oxford : Claredon Press viii+324 pp., 8 pls.

Wagner, H. 1913. Sphingidae: Subfam. Acherontinae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus 12: 1-77

Wagner, H. 1914. Sphingidae: Subfam. Ambulicinae, Sesiinae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus 18: 79-220

Wagner, H. 1915. Sphingidae: Subfam. Philampelinae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus 21: 221-304

Wagner, H. 1919. Sphingidae: Subfam. Choerocampinae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus 23: 304-440

Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271

History of changes

• Macroglossiadae Harris, T.W. 1839. Descriptive catalogue of the North American insects belonging to the Linnaean genus Sphinx in the cabinet of the author. American Journal of Science and Arts 36(2): 282-320 [287].

History of changes

• Acosmeryx Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11 [214].

  Type species:

   Sphinx anceus Stoll, 1781 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [648].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Pine Creek (PCK), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NSW, Qld: Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET)

History of changes

Introduction

Five subspecies of Acosmeryx anceusare are currently recognised, only A. anceus anceus is recorded from Australia (see Brechlin, 2014, and Moulds et al. 2020)

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Brechlin, R. 2014. Vier neue unterarten von Acosmeryx anceus (Stoll, 1781) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Entomo-Satsphingia [ISSN 1866-7384] 7(2): 29-35

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [49]

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [268] (Note #497: Acosmeryx anceus (Stog, 1781) was also originally spelled A. ancetus (Stoll, 1781) in the index. A. ancems (Stoll) was used by Hübner [1816-1825] in [1819] but he is not the first reviser as he did not mention both original spellings. Note #498: Acosmeryx cinerea Butler, March 1875 has long been considered a junior subjective synonym of A. anceus (Stoll, 1781) but Holloway (1987) showed that it is a junior subjective synonym of A. shervillii Boisduval, Feb. 1875)

History of changes

• Sphinx anceus Stoll, C. in Cramer, P. 1781. De Uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie waerelddeelen Asia, Africa en America. 4. Amsterdam, Baalde & Utrecht : Wilde. [124, pl. 355].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown, Ambon, Indonesia.
• Zonilia mixtura Walker, F. 1865. Supplement 1. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 31: 1-321 [Part 31 dated 1864 but published 11 February, 1865] [34] (part 31 dated 1864 but published 11 Feb 1865).

  Secondary source:

   Sherborn, C.D. 1934. Dates of publication of catalogues of natural history (post 1850) issued by the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 10 13: 308-312 [311].
• Acosmeryx daulis Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11.

Generic Combinations

• Enyo anceus (Stoll, 1781). —
  Walker, F. 1865. Supplement 1. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 31: 1-321 [Part 31 dated 1864 but published 11 February, 1865] [34]
• Acosmeryx anceus (Stoll, 1781). —
  Boisduval, J.-A. 1875. [1874] Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. In, Boisduval, J.-A. & Guenée, A. (eds). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species Général des Lépidoptères Hétérocères. Paris : Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret Vol. 1 568 pp. [dated 1874 but not published until 1875] [215]
• Acosmeryx anceus anceus (Stoll, 1781). —
  Brechlin, R. 2014. Vier neue unterarten von Acosmeryx anceus (Stoll, 1781) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Entomo-Satsphingia [ISSN 1866-7384] 7(2): 29-35 [29]
• Acosmeryx mixtura (Walker, 1865). —
  Butler, A.G. 1876. Revision of the Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9(3): 511-644, pls 90-94 [545]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Wet tropics of northeast QLD from Cape York to Townsville; New Guinea, Indonesia

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. (Note #497: Acosmeryx anceus (Stog, 1781) was also originally spelled A. ancetus (Stoll, 1781) in the index. A. ancems (Stoll) was used by Hübner [1816-1825] in [1819] but he is not the first reviser as he did not mention both original spellings. Note #498: Acosmeryx cinerea Butler, March 1875 has long been considered a junior subjective synonym of A. anceus (Stoll, 1781) but Holloway (1987) showed that it is a junior subjective synonym of A. shervillii Boisduval, Feb. 1875)

History of changes

• Enyo cinnamomea Herrich-Schäffer, G.A.W. 1869. 1850-[1869]. Sammlung neuer oder wenig bekannter aussereuropäischer Schmetterlinge. Regensburg : G.J. Manz 84+4 pp., 100+28 pls.

  Type data:

   Neotype MV (purchased from Godeffroy Museum, catalogue number 4975, see Moulds et al. (2020) for details), Rockhampton, QLD.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [53].

Generic Combinations

• Acosmeryx cinnamomea (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869). —
  Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [648] (new combination)

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Acosmeryx anceus Stoll, 1781 [a misidentification]. —
  Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [529] (as junior synonym of A. anceus anceus)

Introduction

Removed from synonymy with A. anceus anceus (Stoll 1781) by Moulds et al. based on morphology and molecular evidence presented in Rougerie et al. (2014)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northwest WA to East Arnhem, NT, and north and eastern QLD from Torres Strait, through eastern NSW to NE corner of VIC; New Guinea, see Moulds et al. (2020) for more details

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Pine Creek (PCK), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [52]

Rougerie, R., Kitching, I.J., Haxaire, J., Miller, S.E., Hausmann, A. & Veronicart P.D.N. 2014. Australian Sphingidae – DNA barcodes challenge current species boundaries and distributions. PloS ONE 9(7),. PLoS ONE (Public Library of Science) 9(7) [e101108]

History of changes

• Daphnusa miskini Murray, R.E. 1873. Description of a new species of Daphnusa (Sphingidae) from Queensland. Cistula Entomologica 1: 178.
• Acosmeryx sericeus Miskin, W.H. 1891. A revision of the Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 1-28.
• Acosmeryx brooksi Clark, B.P. 1922. Twenty-five new Sphingidae. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 8: 1-23.

Generic Combinations

• Acosmeryx miskini (Murray, 1873). —
  Butler, A.G. 1876. Revision of the Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9(3): 511-644, pls 90-94 [544] (new combination)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

From Windsor Tableland and Cape Tribulation through eastern QLD and NSW to Wollongong

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Distribution References

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [56]

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [268] (Note #499: Acosmeryx brooksi Clark, 1922 was described as a subspecies of A. miskini (Murray, 1873). Holloway (1987) showed that it is a junior subjective synonym of A. shervillii Boisduval, 1875)

History of changes

• Angonyx Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11 [317].

  Type species:

   Angonyx emilia Boisduval, 1875 by monotypy.
• Agonyx Cotes & Swinhoe, 1887.
• Angonix Semper, 1896.

History of changes

• Panacra excellens Rothschild, W. 1911. Two new Lepidoptera from New Guinea. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8: 233-234 [234].

History of changes

• Angonyx testacea papuana Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67.

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♂, Cedar Bay, Queensland.
• Angonyx serrata Clark, B.P. 1928. Sundry notes on Sphingidae and descriptions of ten new forms. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 10: 33-46.
• Angonyx bismarcki Clark, B.P. 1929. Sundry notes on Sphingidae, descriptions of sixteen new forms, and on one new genus. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 11: 7-24 [16].

History of changes

• Cephonodes Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [131].

  Type species:

   Sphinx hylas Linnaeus, 1771 by subsequent designation, see Grote, A.R. & Robinson 1865. [Details not found]. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia 5 [172].
• Potidaea Wallengren, H.D.J. 1858. [Details not found]. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens Nya Handlingar, Stockholm 5(4) [17].

  Type species:

   Potidaea virescens Wallengren, 1858 by original designation.

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

SPHINGIDAE: Sphinx picus Cramer, 1777 [specimens identified as C. pycus in Australia represent C. cunninghami, see Moulds et al. 2020]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NT, Qld: Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW)

Other Regions

Christmas Island terrestrial & freshwater, Cocos (Keeling) Islands terrestrial & freshwater, Coral Sea Islands Territory, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [76]

History of changes

• Cephonodes hylas australis Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [89] [replacement name for C. hylas cunninghami].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂, Australia: Queensland, Milmerran.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 3♂ 1♀, same locality as for holotype.

Generic Combinations

• Cephonodes australis (Kitching & Cadiou, 2000). —
  Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [72]

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Cephonodes hylas cunninghami [a misidentification, available type material of C. cunninghami actually C. picus, see Kitching & Cadiou (2000)]. —
  Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp.

Introduction

Cephonodes hylas australis Kitching & Cadiou (2000) raised to species by Moulds et al. (2020) based on the level of genetic and morphological differences with other Cephonodes species.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Kimberley region WA to north of Darwin NT, and Cape York, QLD to Gosford, NSW

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [72]

History of changes

• Sesia cunninghami Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [85].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [89].
• Macroglossa yunx Boisduval, J.-A. 1875. [1874] Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. In, Boisduval, J.-A. & Guenée, A. (eds). Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species Général des Lépidoptères Hétérocères. Paris : Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret Vol. 1 568 pp. [dated 1874 but not published until 1875] [376] [junior objective synonym, S. cunninghami Walker 1856 is a Boisduval manuscript name made available by Walker (1856), and both S. cunninghami and M. yunx have the same specimen as their lectotypes].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [89].

Generic Combinations

• Cephonodes cunninghami (Walker, 1856). —
  Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [76]
• Cephonodes hylas cunninghami (Walker, 1856). —
  Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [468]

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Cephonodes picus Cramer, 1777 [a misidentification]. —
  Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [89]

Introduction

Moulds et al. (2020) presented evidence that suggests the species referred to as C. picus in Australia is different to specimens collected from the Coromandel Coast, India (type location for C. picus). Based on genetic and morphological data they treated Australian specimens of 'C. picus' as a separate species, with the next available name being C. cunninghami (Walker, 1856), previously treated as a synonym of C. picus (see Moulds et al. (2020) for further details).

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Indian Ocean, northwest corner of NT, and eastern QLD from Torres Strait to Brisbane; Timor, Philippines, Tuvalu (see Moulds et al. 2020)

IBRA

NT, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Christmas Island terrestrial & freshwater, Cocos (Keeling) Islands terrestrial & freshwater, Coral Sea Islands Territory, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Distribution References

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [76]

History of changes

• Sphinx hylas Linnaeus, C. 1771. Mantissa Plantarum. Holmiae : Laurentii Salvii Holmiae Pts 1 & 2 588 pp. [539].
• Potidaea virescens Wallengren, H.D.J. 1858. Nya fjäril-slägten. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 15: 75-84, 135-143, 209-215 [139].
• Macroglossa confinis Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11.
• Sphinx hyles Kishida, 1977.

General References

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [267] (Note #495: Cephonodes hylas (Linnaeus, 1771) and C. picus (Cramer, 1777) are very similar and have been confused by many authors)

History of changes

• Hemaris janus Miskin, W.H. 1891. A revision of the Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 1-28.
• Macroglossa cunninghami Schaufuss, L.W. 1870. Nunquam Otiosus. Zoologische Mittheilungen: von … L.W. Schaufuss. Dresden Vol. 1-3 pp. 1-551. [nec Sesia (Walker, 1856)].
• Cephanodes simplex Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [66] [sic].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, Loyalty Is.
• Cephanodes unicolor Rothschild, L.W. 1896. Some undescribed Lepidoptera. Novitates Zoologicae 3: 231-232 [231] [sic].
• Cephonodes austrosundanus Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67.
• Cephonodes ustrosundanus D'Abrera, 1987.

History of changes

• Macroglossum kingii W.S. Macleay, 1826.
• Sphinx cunninghami Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11.
• Cephonodes bucklandii Butler, A.G. 1884. On new species of Lepidoptera recently added to the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5 14: 403-407.
• Macroglossum kingi Swinhoe, C. 1892. Catalogue of eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the Oxford University Museum. Part 1. Sphinges and Bombyces. Oxford : Claredon Press viii+324 pp., 8 pls. [misspel.].

History of changes

• Cizara Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [78 (key), 119].

  Type species:

   Sphinx ardenia Lewin, 1805 by monotypy.
• Microlophia Felder, R. & Rogenhofer, A.F. 1874. [1874-1875]. Lepidoptera. Heterocera. Noctuida. Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859. (Zoologischer Theil). Wien. Band 2 (Abtheilung 2). [pl. 75, fig. 9] [nec Newman, 1842].

  Type species:

   Microlophia sculpta Felder, 1874 by monotypy.
• Abrisa Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [replacement name].

History of changes

• Sphinx ardeniae Lewin, J.W. 1805. Prodromus Entomology. Natural History of Lepidopterous Insects of New South Wales. London : T. Bensley 18 pls and text (letterpress). [3, pl. 2] [just. emend.].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Paramatta.
• Sphinx ardenia Lewin, J.W. 1805. Prodromus Entomology. Natural History of Lepidopterous Insects of New South Wales. London : T. Bensley 18 pls and text (letterpress). [orig. misspel.].

General References

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [268] (Note #500: Cizara ardeniae (Lewin, 1805) was originally spelled 'ardenia.' In a footnote Lewin states that the species was named after Lady Arden. Thon (1828) correctly emended the name to ardeniae)

History of changes

• Daphnis Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [134].

  Type species:

   Sphinx nerii Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation, see Curtis, J. 1937. British Entomology; being descriptions and lillustrations of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland. London : J. Curtis Vol. 14 648 pp. [626].
• Regia Tutt, J.W. 1903. Genera of the Eumorphid and Daphnid Sphinges. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 15: 100-101 [101].

  Type species:

   Daphnis torenia Druce, 1882 by original designation.
• Histriosphinx Varis, V. 1976. Hystriosphynx gen. n., a new genus fro Sphynx nerii Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae). Notulae Entomologicae 56(4): 127-128 [127] [replacement name].
• Deilephila auctt.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [268] (Note #496: Daphnis Hübner, [1819] with type species Sphinx nerii Linnaeus, 1758 (Fletcher and. Nye 1982) has been misapplied by many authors (e.g. Hodges (1971)), who incorrectly considered Sphinx eacus Cramer, [1780] the type species)

History of changes

• Daphnis dohertyi Rothschild, L.W. 1897. Some new species of Heterocera. Novitates Zoologicae 4: 307-313, pl. 7 [307].
• Daphnis callusia Rothschild, Lord & Jordan, K. 1916. Corrections of and additions to our revision of the Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae 23: 115-123 [120].

History of changes

• Sphinx hypothous Cramer, P. 1780. De Uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie waerelddeelen Asia, Africa en America. 3. Amsterdam & Utrecht. 176 pp., pls 193-288 (1779-1780) [165, pl. 285, fig. D].
• Daphnis pallescens Butler, A.G. 1875. Descriptions of thirty-three new or little-known species of Sphingidae in the collection of the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 3-16, pls 1-2.
• Daphnis magnifica Butler, A.G. 1877. Descriptions of several African and Australian Lepidoptera in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 4 19: 458-462.
• Daphnis gloriosa Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [85].
• Daphnis nerii Brunet, 1985.
• Deilephila gigantea Röber, J.K.M. 1921. Ueber bekannte und neue Schmetterlinge. Entomologische Rundschau 38: 11.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [95] (for Deilephila gigantea Röber, 1921)

Miscellaneous Literature Names

• Sphinx hippothous Cramer, 1780 [misspelling]. —
  Hübner, J. 1825. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge [sic]. Augsburg (1816–[1825]) 431 pp.

History of changes

• Darapsa moorei Macleay, W.J. 1866. List of the lepidopterous insects from Cape York, presented to the Museum by Mr. Moore of H.M.S. Salamander. Transactions of the Entomological Society of New South Wales 1(5): liii-lv [removed from synonymy by Eitschberger & Melichar (2010)].

Generic Combinations

• Daphnis moorei (W.J. Macleay, 1866). —
  Eitschberger, U. & Melichar, T. 2010. Die taxa der Gattung Daphnis Hübner, 1819, die neugliederung der unterarten von Daphnis hypothous (Cramer, 1780) mit neuer unterartbeschreibung und der neotypusdesignation von Sphinx hypothous Cramer, 1780 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae). The European Entomologist 2: 49-91 (removed from synonymy)

History of changes

• Darapsa placida Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271.
• Daphnis angustans Felder, R. & Rogenhofer, A.F. 1874. [1874-1875]. Lepidoptera. Heterocera. Noctuida. Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859. (Zoologischer Theil). Wien. Band 2 (Abtheilung 2). [pl. lxxvi, figs 6, 7].
• Choerocampa hesperus Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11 [228].
• Daphnis horsfieldii Butler, A.G. 1876. Revision of the Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9(3): 511-644, pls 90-94 [572].
• Daphnis andamana Druce, H.H.C.J. 1882. Descriptions of New Species of Aegeriidae and Shingidae. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 19: 15-18 [16].
• Daphnis torenia rosacea Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [85].
• Deilephila salomonis Rothschild, Hon. W. & Jordan, K. 1906. 1. New Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae 13: 178-185 [181].
• Deilephila jamdenae Debauche, H. 1934. Notes sur les Sphingides du Musée de Bruxelles. Bulletin du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle du Belgique 10: 1-10.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [95] (for Deilephila jamdenae)

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Hammond Island, Torres Strait (nominate subspecies reported by Lane & Moulds (2015))

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Daphnis protrudens Felder, R. & Rogenhofer, A.F. 1874. [1874-1875]. Lepidoptera. Heterocera. Noctuida. Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859. (Zoologischer Theil). Wien. Band 2 (Abtheilung 2). [pl. lxxvi, figs 6, 7].
• Cherocampa neriastri Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11 [unavail. publ. syn.].

History of changes

• Eupanacra Cadiou, J.-M. & Holloway, J.D. 1989. Endemic Sphingidae from Sulawesi (Lepidoptera). Lambillionea, Revue Internationale d'Entomologie 89(9-12): 130-158 [139].

  Type species:

   Panacra dohertyi Rothschild, 1894 by original designation.
• Panacra sensu auctt.

History of changes

• Angonyx splendens Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7.
• Eupanacra automedon Miskin, W.H. 1892. Further note on Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 60-64.
• Panacra splendens salomonis Clark, B.P. 1920. Sixteen new Sphingidae. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 7: 65-78 [73].
• Panacra paradoxa Gehlen, B. 1932. Neue Sphingiden. Entomologische Rundschau 49: 62-64, 65-66, 84-85, 182-184, 8 figs [84].

History of changes

• Gnathothlibus Wallengren, H.D.J. 1858. Nya fjäril-slägten. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 15: 75-84, 135-143, 209-215 [137].

  Type species:

   Gnathothlibus erotoides Wallengren, 1858 by original designation.
• Chromis Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [138] [nec Lacepede, 1802].

  Type species:

   Sphinx erotus Cramer, 1777 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

IBRA

NT, Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Gnathothlibus australiensis Lachlan, R.B. 2004. Description of a second species of Gnathothlibus Wallengren (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from Australia. Australian Entomologist 31(3): 111-118 [111].

  Type data:

   Holotype ANIC ♂, Queensland, Lizard Island, 93 km NNE of Cooktown, Nth Qld.
  Paratype(s) ANIC 21♂ (also QM), various NE Qld localities; ANIC 2 ♂ (also M. Moulds & RBL Collection), Darwin & Northern Territory, Darwin, Birraduk Creek, 18 km NE Oenpelli [12°17'S 133°13'E].

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

IBRA

NT, Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Deilephila eras Boisduval, J.B.A.D. de 1832. Voyage de Découvertes de l'Astrolabe exécuté par Ordre du Roi, Pendant les Années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le Commandement de M.J. Dumont D'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'Océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le Voyage. Part 1. Lépidoptères. Paris : J. Tastu iv, 267 pp. [publication date: Sherborn, C.D. & Woodward, B.B. 1901. Dates of publication of the zoological and botanical portions of some French voyages. Dumont d'Urville's Voyage de l'Astrolabe. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 8: 333 [333]] [removed from synonymy following recognition of species in Torres Strait].

Generic Combinations

• Gnathothlibus eras (Boisduval, 1832).

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Hammond Island, Torres Strait (reported as "common" by Lane & Moulds (2015))

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Sphinx erotus Cramer, P. 1777. Uitlandsche Kapellen. [Dutch title] or Papilions exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amérique. [French title]. Amsterdam Baalde and Utrecht : Wild Vol. 2 1-152 pls 92-192. [issued 1777, dated 1775–1790] [12, pl. 104, fig. B].
• Gnathothlibus erotoides Wallengren, H.D.J. 1858. Nya fjäril-slägten. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 15: 75-84, 135-143, 209-215 [137, 138].
• Chaerocampa sapor Koch, 1865.
• Chaerocampa eroides Koch, 1865.
• Choerocampa erotus andamanensis Kirby, W.F. 1877. Notes on the new or rare Sphingidae in the Museum of the Royal Dublin Society, and remarks on Mr Butler's recent revision of the family. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1877(3): 233-244 [242].
• Chromis cramptoni Clark, B.P. 1922. Twenty-five new Sphingidae. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 8: 1-23.

History of changes

• Hippotion Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [135].

  Type species:

   Sphinx celerio Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation, see Hübner, J. 1825. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge [sic]. Augsburg (1816–[1825]) 431 pp. [747].
• Isoples Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [135].

  Type species:

   Sphinx thyelia Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. in Allen, W.H. 1897. A Handbook to the Order Lepidoptera. Allen's Naturalist's Library. London : W.H. Allen Vol. 4. [24].
• Panacra Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [77 (key), 154].

  Type species:

   Panacra lignaria Walker, 1856 by subsequent designation, see Moore, F. in Hewitson, W.C. & Moore, F. 1882. Descriptions of new Indian Lepidopterous Insects from the collection of the late W.S. Atkinson. Part ii. Heterocera, continued (Cymatophoridae-Herminiidae). Calcutta : Asiatic Society of Bengal 89-198, pls iv, v. [25].
• Miavia Kirby, W.F. in Allen, W.H. 1897. A Handbook to the Order Lepidoptera. Allen's Naturalist's Library. London : W.H. Allen Vol. 4. [24].

  Type species:

   Choerocampa johanna Kirby, 1877 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Sphinx boerhaviae Fabricius, J.C. 1775. Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig] : Kortii xxxii 832 pp. [Date published 17 April].
• Hippotion thyelia Cramer, P. 1779. Uitlandsche Kapellen. [Dutch title] or Papilions exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amérique. [French title]. Amsterdam Baalde and Utrecht : Wild Vol. 3(17–21) 1-104 pls 193-252. [issued 1779, dated 1775–1790].
• Sphinx vampyrus Fabricius, J.C. 1787. Mantissa Insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Hafniae : Christ. Gottl. Proft. Vol. 2 382 pp.
• Sphinx octopunctata Gmelin, J.F. 1790. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer.
• Sphinx boerhaaviae Gmelin, J.F. 1790. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer. [misspel.].

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Hammond Island, Torres Strait (reported as "frequent" by Lane & Moulds (2015))

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Distribution References

History of changes

• Sphinx brennus Stoll, C. in Cramer, P. 1782. De Uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie waerelddeelen Asia, Africa en America. Amsterdam, Baalde & Utrecht : Wilde Vol. 4 165-252 pls 373-400.

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown, Ambon, Indonesia.
• Hippotion brennus viettei Darge, P. 1975. Note sur Hippotion brennus (Lep., Sphingidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 80(5-6): 179-180 [180].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, Papua New Guinea, Admiralty Ils., Lorengau.
• Hippotion brennus funebris Gehlen, B. 1926. Neue Sphingiden. Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift 20: 172-176, 248-252 [175].
• Hippotion rubribrenna Joicey, J.J. & Kaye, W.J. 1917. New species and forms of Sphingidae. Annals of Natural History 20: 305-309.
• Hippotion novaebrittaniae Clark, B.P. 1932. Descriptions of four new Sphingidae and notes concerning two others. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 13: 39-42 [41].

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Eastern QLD from the Torres Strait Islands to Brisbane; Indonesia, Solomon Islands

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Distribution References

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [133]

History of changes

• Sphinx celerio Linnaeus, 1758.
• Sphinx tisiphone Linnaeus, 1758.
• Phalaena inquilinus Harris, M. 1781. An Exposition of English Insects, ...[1731–1788]. London : Robson & Co.
• Elpenor phoenix Oken, L. 1815. Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte. Dritter Theil, Zoologie. Erste Abteilung. Jena : Schmid pp. i-xxviii, 1-842. [1815: pp. 1-841, Register; 1816: Atlas, I-IV, pls I-XVII].
• Hippotion ocys Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826].
• Deilephila albolineata Montrouzier, 1864.
• Phalaena inquinalis Swinhoe, C. 1892. Catalogue of eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the Oxford University Museum. Part 1. Sphinges and Bombyces. Oxford : Claredon Press viii+324 pp., 8 pls. [misspel.].
• Sphinx celeria Beutenmüller, W. 1901. Catalogue of the described transformations of Australian Lepidoptera. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 9(4): 147-177 [misspel.].
• Hippotion celerio sieberti Closs, G.A. 1910. Zwei neue Sphingiden-formen. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 54: 224-226 [226].
• Hippotion celerio rosea Closs, 1911.
• Hippotion celerio luecki Closs, 1912.
• Hippotion celerio nigrofasciata Aurivillius, C. 1925. Lepidoptera IV. Ergebnisse der Zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika Expedition 1910-1911. Leipzig [1263] [infrasubsp.].

History of changes

• Chaerocampa johanna Kirby, W.F. 1877. Notes on the new or rare Sphingidae in the Museum of the Royal Dublin Society, and remarks on Mr Butler's recent revision of the family. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1877(3): 233-244 [241] [sic].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, NMI, Brisbane, QLD.
• Panacra maculiventris Miskin, W.H. 1891. A revision of the Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 1-28 [unavailable, nomen nudum].

Generic Combinations

• Panacra joanna (Kirby, 1877) [species name misspelled]. —
  Miskin, W.H. 1891. A revision of the Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 1-28 [9] (new combination)
• Miavia johanna (Kirby, 1877). —
  Kirby, W.F. in Allen, W.H. 1897. A Handbook to the Order Lepidoptera. Allen's Naturalist's Library. London : W.H. Allen Vol. 4. [25, pl. 100] (new combination)
• Hippotion brennus johanna (Kirby, 1877). —
  Gehlen, B. 1926. Neue Sphingiden. Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift 20: 172-176, 248-252 [176] (new combination)
• Hippotion johanna (Kirby, 1877). —
  Darge, P. 1975. Note sur Hippotion brennus (Lep., Sphingidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 80(5-6): 179-180 [179] (new combination)
• Theretra johanna (Kirby, 1877). —
  Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [659] (new combination)

Introduction

Widely treated as a form of H. brennus following Rothschild and Jordan (1903). Moulds et al. (2020) formalised the treatment of H. johanna as a separate species, following Darge (1975) and Common (1990). See Moulds et al. (2020) for further details

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Eastern QLD south from Iron Range to Brunswick Heads, NSW; Papua New Guinea

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Common, I.F.B. 1990. Moths of Australia. Carlton : Melbourne University Press vi+535 pp., 32 pls.

Darge, P. 1975. Note sur Hippotion brennus (Lep., Sphingidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 80(5-6): 179-180 [179]

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [138]

Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [758]

History of changes

• Chaerocampa rosetta Swinhoe, C. 1892. Catalogue of eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the Oxford University Museum. Part 1. Sphinges and Bombyces. Oxford : Claredon Press viii+324 pp., 8 pls. [16] [sic].
• Hippotion depictum Dupont, 1941.
• Hippotion boerhaviae Holloway, 1983.

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Hammond Island, Torres Strait reported as "frequent" by Lane & Moulds (2015))

Distribution References

History of changes

• Deilephila scrofa Boisduval, 1832.
• Chaerocampa scrofa Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [sic, nec Boisduval, 1832].
• Deilephila porcia Wallengren, H.D.J. 1860. Lepidopterologische Mittheilungen. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift 4: 33-46, 161-176.
• Chaerocampa bernardus Koch, 1865.
• Chaerocampa ignea Butler, A.G. 1875. Descriptions of new species of Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 238-261 [10] [sic].
• Hippotion pallicosta Tepper, 1888.

History of changes

• Sphinx velox Fabricius, J.C. 1793. Entomologia Systematica Emendata et Aucta. Secundum, Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adjectis synonimis [sic], locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Hafniae : Christ. Gottl. Proft. Tom. 3(Pars 1) iv 487pp.
• Sphinx vigil Guérin-Méneville, 1843.
• Panacra lignaria Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [156].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, AUSTRALIA: Cape York.
• Sphinx phoenyx Herrich-Schäffer, G.A.W. 1856. 1850-[1869]. Sammlung neuer oder wenig bekannter aussereuropäischer Schmetterlinge. Regensburg : G.J. Manz 84+4 pp., 100+28 pls.
• Sphinx phoenix Koch, 1865.
• Chaerocampa swinhoei Moore, F. 1866. On the lepidopterous insects of Bengal. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1865: 755-823 [sic].
• Choerocampa yorkii Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11 [248].
• Panacra griseola Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [80].
• Panacra pseudovigil Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [80].
• Panacra lifuensis Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [79].
• Panacra rosea Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [79].
• Hippotion obanawae Matsumura, S. 1908. Thousand insects of Japan. Tokyo : Keiseisham Vol. 4.
• Hippotion beddoesii Clark, B.P. 1922. Twenty-five new Sphingidae. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 8: 1-23.
• Hippotion noel Clark, B.P. 1923. Thirty-three new Sphingidae. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 8: 47-77 [68].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, Christmas Is.
• Hippotion velox tainanensis Matsumura, S. 1927. New species and subspecies of moths from the Japanese Empire. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University 19: 1-91, Taf. 1-5 [infrasubsp.].
• Hippotion tainanensis Clark, B.P. 1932. A review of some Sphingidae described by Dr. S. Matsumura. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 13: 43-46 [45].
• Hippotion taiwanensis Riotte, J.C.E. 1975. Eine neue Art der Gattung Hippotion von Formosa (Lep., Sphingidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift 85(9): 97-100 [98].
• Hippotion japenum Riotte, J.C.E. 1994. Eine neue Art des Hippotion velox-Species-Komplexes (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Entomologische Zeitung, Frankfurt am Mainz 104: 293-299.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [117] (for Hippotion japenum Riotte, 1994)

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Hammond Island, Torres Strait (reported as "infrequent" by Lane & Moulds (2015))

History of changes

• Hyles Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826].
• Celerio Oken, L. 1815. Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte. Dritter Theil, Zoologie. Erste Abteilung. Jena : Schmid pp. i-xxviii, 1-842. [1815: pp. 1-841, Register; 1816: Atlas, I-IV, pls I-XVII] [761] [suppr. by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1956, Opin. Decl. int. Commn zool. Nom. 14 (Opinion 417): 3].
• Thaumas Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [138].

  Type species:

   Sphinx vespertilio Esper, 1780 by subsequent designation, see Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [762].
• Celerio Agassiz, J.L.R. 1846. [1842-1847]. Nomenclatoris Zoologici, continens nomina systematica generum Animalium tam viventium quam fossilium, secundum ordinem alphabeticum disposita, adjectis auctoribus, libris in quibus reperiuntor, anno editionis, etymologia, et familis, ad quas pertinent, in variis classibus. (Lepidoptera). Soloduri : Jent et Gassmann pp. Fasc. 9-10 [1846]; (Index universalis). 12 [1847] viii+393. [14].

  Type species:

   Sphinx galii Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 by subsequent designation, see Tutt, J.W. 1902. Natural History of British Lepidoptera. A textbook for students and collectors. London : Swan, Sonneschein & Co. Vol. 3. [349].
• Turneria Tutt, J.W. 1903. Some Genera of the Eumorphid Sphinges. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 15: 75, 76 [76] [nec Forel, 1895].

  Type species:

   Sphinx hippophaes Esper, 1793 by original designation.
• Hawaiina Tutt, J.W. 1903. Some Genera of the Eumorphid Sphinges. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 15: 75, 76 [76].

  Type species:

   Deilephila calida Butler, 1881 by original designation.
• Weismannia Tutt, J.W. 1904. Natural History of British Lepidoptera. London : Swan, Sonneschein & Co. Vol. 4. [503].

  Type species:

   Sphinx zygophylli Ochsenheimer, 1808 by monotypy.
• Hawaiiana Swezey, O.H. 1944. Keys to some Lepidopterous larvae found in gardens and homes in Hawaii. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 12: 138-145 [misspel.***need to check reference***].

General References

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [268] (Note #503: Hyles Hübner [1919]. Hyles euphorbiae (Linnaeus, 1759). A single specimen was recorded by Lower (1915b, 1916a) from Broken Hill. The specimen was "secured in the mail-room of our local post office" and was considered by Lower to be an accidental introduction. This species is here excluded from the list and there are no other Australian records)

History of changes

• Deilephila livornicoides Lucas, T.P. 1892. On 34 new species of Australian Lepidoptera, with additional localities, &c. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8(3): 68-94.
• Hyles linearis Lucas, T.P. 1892. On 34 new species of Australian Lepidoptera, with additional localities, &c. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8(3): 68-94 [misspel.].
• Phryxus australasiae Tutt, 1904.
• Deilephila livornica auctt.
• Hyles lineata auctt.

General References

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [268] (Note #504: Hyles tivornicoides T.P. Lucas, 1892 is now considered a separate species from H. lineata (Fabricius) (Harbich 1980, 1982; Haxaire 1993))

History of changes

• Macroglossum Scopoli, G.A. 1777. Introductio ad Historiam Naturalem, sistens genera lapidum, plantarum et animalium hactenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata, in tribus divisa, subinde ad leges naturae. Prague : Wolfgangus Gerle 506 pp. [414].

  Type species:

   Sphinx stellatarum Linnaeus, 1758 by monotypy.
• Bombylia Hübner, J. 1806. Tentamen determinationis digestionis atque denomnationis singularum stirpium Lepidoptorum, peritis ad inspiciendum et dijudicandum communicatum. Augsberg. [2] pp. [[1]] [suppr.; work rejected for nomenclatural purposes by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1926, Smithson. misc. Collns 73 (4) (Opinion 97): 19. Also idem, 1954, Opin. Decl. int. Commn zool. Nom. 6 (Opinion 278): 140].
• Macroglossa Ochsenheimer, F. 1816. Die Schmetterlinge von Europa. Leipzig : Fleisher Vol. 4 223 pp. [41] [unjustified emendation].
• Psithyros Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [132].

  Type species:

   Sphinx stellatarum Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation, see Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [432].
• Bombylia Hübner, J. 1822. Systematisch-alphabetisches Verzeichniss aller bisher bey den Fürbildungen zur Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge angegebenen Gattungsbenennungen; mit Vormerkung auch augsburgischer Gattungen. Augsburg : Hübner vi 81 pp. [junior objective synonym of Macroglossum Scopoli].

  Type species:

   Sphinx stellatarum Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation, see Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [616].
• Macroglossa Boisduval, J.B.A.D. de 1833. Memoire sur les Lepidoptères de Madagascar, Bourbon et Maurice. Nouvelles Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle. Paris 2(2): 149-270 [226] [junior homonym of Macroglossa Ochsenheimer, 1816].

  Type species:

   Macroglossa milvus Boisduval, 1833 by subsequent designation, see Fletcher, D.S. in Nye, I.W.B. 1982. The Generic Names of Moths of the World. London : British Museum (Natural History) Vol. 4 xiv+192 pp., frontispiece. [95].
• Rhamphoschisma Wallengren, H.D.J. 1858. Nya fjäril-slägten. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 15: 75-84, 135-143, 209-215 [139].

  Type species:

   Rhamphoschisma fasciatum Wallengren, 1858 by original designation.
• Ramphoschisma Wallengren, H.D.J. 1863. Lepidopterologische Mittheilungen. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift 7: 137-151 [misspel.].
• Macroglossus Neave, S.A. 1940. Nomenclator Zoologicus. London : The Zoological Society of London Vol. 77. [misspel.].

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

SPHINGIDAE: Macroglossum divergens Walker, 1856 [Included in Australia as M. divergens queenslandi however no longer recorded in Australia following elevation of M. queenslandi to species level by Moulds et al. (2020). M. queenslandi also placed as M. heliophila queenslandi however M. heliophila Boisduval 1875 is a junior synonym of M. divergens Walker 1856.]

SPHINGIDAE: Macroglossum hirundo Boisduval, 1832 [replaced in Australia by M. errans Walker, 1856, see Moulds et al. (2020)] — Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [176]

SPHINGIDAE: Macroglossum troglodytus Boisduval, 1875 [included from Australia as M. troglodytus papuanum, and as M. insipida papuanum however M. troglodytus Boisduval, 1875 is the senior synonym of M. insipida Butler 1875. Following the elevation of M. papuanum to specific rank by Moulds et al. (2020), M. troglodytus is no longer recorded from Australia. See Moulds et al. (2020) for further information.] — Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [186]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld: NSW North Coast (NNC), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Sydney Basin (SB) ; NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Pine Creek (PCK), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NSW, Qld: Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET) ; NT, Qld, WA: Burt Plain (BRT), Channel Country (CHC), Dampierland (DL), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Northern Kimberley (NK), Tanami (TAN)

Other Regions

Christmas Island terrestrial & freshwater, Cocos (Keeling) Islands terrestrial & freshwater, Coral Sea Islands Territory, Norfolk Island terrestrial & freshwater, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414.

History of changes

• Macroglossa alcedo Boisduval, J.A.D. 1832. Voyage de Découvertes de l'Astrolabe exécuté par Ordre du Roi, Pendant les Années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le Commandement de M.J. Dumont D'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'Océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le Voyage. Part 1: Lépidoptères. Paris : J. Tastu pp.267. [188-189].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown, Dorei [Manokwari], New Guinea.

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum alcedo (Boisduval, 1832). —
  Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [643]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Northeast QLD from Darnley Island, Torres Strait to south of Innisfail; E Indonesia, New Guinea

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [167]

History of changes

Introduction

Two subspecies of the M. corythus species complex are recorded from Australia, M. c. approximans from the Australian mainland, and M. c. corythus from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. See Mouids et al. (2020) for further details.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

IBRA

NT, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Cocos (Keeling) Islands terrestrial & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [169]

History of changes

• Macroglossa approximans Lucas, T.P. 1891. Butterflies and Moths. Descriptions of two new Butterflies and nine new Sphingidae or Hawk moths found in Queensland. Published privately by the author. 1-4 pp. [nec Macroglossa Walker, [1865]].
• Macroglossum stenoxanthum Turner, A.J. 1925. New Australian Lepidoptera. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 49: 37-60 [41].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV T 5792 (Type in Lyell Collection), Kuranda, near Cairns, north QLD.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [169]

Introduction

Removed from synonymy with M. c. pylene by Eitschberger (2003) who referred the species to M. stenoxanthum (Turner, 1925). Moulds et al. (2020) presented evidence for treating M. stenoxanthum as a junior synonym of M. approximans T.P. Lucas, 1891, but placed the taxa as a subspecies of M. corythus, rather than a species. See Moulds et al. (2020) for further discussion.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Darwin area, NT, and eastern QLD from Torres Strait to Mackay; Papua New Guinea

IBRA

NT, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Eitschberger, U. 2003. Vorarbeit zur revision der Macroglossum corythus-sylvia-gruppe (s.l.) (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten 54: 149–439 [165]

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [169]

History of changes

• Macroglossa corythus Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271.
• Macroglossa arcuatum Moore, F. in Horsfield, T. & Moore, F. 1858. A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company. London : Wm. H. Allen and Co. Vol. 1 v 278 iv 11 pp. 18 pls. [issued 1858, dated 1857] [unavail. publ. syn.].
• Macroglossa proxima Butler, A.G. 1875. Descriptions of thirty-three new or little-known species of Sphingidae in the collection of the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 3-16, pls 1-2 [4].
• Macroglossa luteata Butler, A.G. 1875. Descriptions of new species of Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 238-261 [241].
• Macroglossum playxanthum Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67.
• Macroglossum iwasakii Matsumura, S. 1921. Thousand Insects of Japan, Additamenta. Tokyo : Keiseisham Vol. 4.
• Macroglossum fuscicauda Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp.
• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [172]

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Indian Ocean; India, Java

Other Regions

Cocos (Keeling) Islands terrestrial & freshwater

Distribution References

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [172]

History of changes

• Macroglossa dohertyi Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [67].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown ("(coll. W. Doherty)"), Amboyna [Ambon], Indonesia
  Comment: Rothschild & Jordan (1903) record type in Tring Museum, possibly in NHML.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [648]

History of changes

• Macroglossum doddi Clark, B.P. 1922. Twenty-five new Sphingidae. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 8: 1-23.

  Type data:

   Holotype ♀ 22 mm ("collected by Mr. F. P. Dodd"; one female in authors collection, possibly now in Carnegie Museum), Kuranda, northern Queensland.
• Macroglossum dohertyi melanura Jordan, K. 1926. On some Old World Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae 33: 379-384 [382].

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum dohertyi doddi (Clark, 1922). —
  Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Northeastern QLD from Torres Strait Islands to south of Cardwell; east Indonesia, east Papua New Guinea

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [173]

History of changes

• Macroglossa errans Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271.

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown ("From Mr. Strange's collection." Possibly in NHML), Australia.
• Rhamphoschisma scottiarum Felder, R. & Rogenhofer, A.F. 1874. [1874-1875]. Lepidoptera. Heterocera. Noctuida. Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859. (Zoologischer Theil). Wien. Band 2 (Abtheilung 2).
• Macroglossa belinda Pagenstecher, A.F. 1900. Die Lepidopteren Fauna des Bismarck-Archipels. Mit Berückstichtigung der thiergeographischen und biologischen Verhältnisse systematisch dargestellt. Erster Theil: die Tagfalter. Zoologica (New York) 29: 1-160 pp. 2 pls [91].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [176]

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum hirundo errans Walker, 1856. —
  Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [649]

Introduction

Previously treated as a synonym or subspecies of M. hirundo, Moulds et al. (2020) present molecular and morphological evidence for treating M. errans as a separate species, with M. hirundo no longer recorded from Australia.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Northern half of NT south to Tennant Creek, and east coast from Torres Strait Islands, QLD to Wollongong, NSW, also Norfolk Island, Tasman Sea; West Papua, Solomon Islands

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Arnhem (CA), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), NSW North Coast (NNC), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Norfolk Island terrestrial & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [176]

History of changes

• Macroglossum joannisi Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [656].

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Northern NT, and northern QLD from the Torres Strait Islands to north of Cairns, also Willis Island, Coral Sea;

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NT, Qld: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Pine Creek (PCK), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Coral Sea Islands Territory

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [179]

History of changes

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)

History of changes

• Macroglossum melas Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [646].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, BMNH (H. Kuhn; formerly Tring Museum), Little Key Island [Little Kai Island], Indonesia.
• Macroglossum melas pullius Jordan, K. 1930. Description of new Sphingidae and remarks on some others. Novitates Zoologicae 36: 1-5 [4].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown (possibly in Tring Museum, now Natural History Museum, London.), Sariba Island, New Guinea.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [181]

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum melas melas Rothschild & Jordan, 1903. —
  Jordan, K. 1930. Description of new Sphingidae and remarks on some others. Novitates Zoologicae 36: 1-5 [4]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Dauan Island, Torres Strait; E Indonesia to E Papua New Guinea

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [181]

History of changes

Introduction

Two subspecies of Macroglossum micacea Walker, 1856 are currently recognised, M. micacea micacea from Australia, and M. micacea albibase Rothschild, 1905 from the Solomon Islands. See Moulds et al. (2020) for further details.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [182]

History of changes

• Macroglossa micacea Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271.

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH no reg. no. given ♂ (one of four syntypes; see Moulds (1985) for further details), Moreton Bay.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Moulds, M.S. 1985. A review of the Australian hawk moths of the genus Macroglossum Scopoli (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Australian Entomological Magazine 12(5): 81-105 [100].
• Macroglossa nox Newman, E. 1857. Characters of a few Australian Lepidoptera, collected by Mr. Thomas R. Oxley. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 2 3: 281-300 [54].
• Macroglossa ethus Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11 [unavailable, nomen nudum].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [182]

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum micacea micacea Walker, 1856. —
  Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1907. Lepidoptera Heterocera. Fam. Sphingidae. Genera Insectorum 57: 1-157, pls 1-8 [121]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Eastern QLD south from the Torres Strait islands south to Dorrigo, north-eastern NSW; New Guinea

IBRA

NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [182]

History of changes

• Macroglossum nubilum Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67.

  Type data:

   Status unknown, BMNH (formerly Tring Museum), Milne Bay, British New Guinea.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

North-eastern QLD from Iron Range to Townsville, records from Brisbane are considered in error (see Moulds et al., 2020); New Guinea

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [185]

History of changes

• Macroglossum insipida papuanum Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67.

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum troglodytus papuanum (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903). —
  Holloway, J.D. 2011. The moths of Borneo: families Phaudidae, Himanopteridae and Zygaenidae; revised and annotated checklist. Malayan Nature Journal 63: 1-548 [136]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Eastern QLD from Torres Strait Islands to Mackay; Papua New Guinea

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [186]

History of changes

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Northern Kimberley (NK), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Christmas Island terrestrial & freshwater, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Macroglossa lineata Lucas, T.P. 1891. Butterflies and Moths. Descriptions of two new Butterflies and nine new Sphingidae or Hawk moths found in Queensland. Published privately by the author. 1-4 pp.
• Macroglossa inusitata Swinhoe, C. 1892. Catalogue of eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the Oxford University Museum. Part 1. Sphinges and Bombyces. Oxford : Claredon Press viii+324 pp., 8 pls. [6].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, Dorey.
• Macroglossa inconspicua Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [68].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [190]

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum prometheus inusitata (Swinhoe, 1892). —
  Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [651] (new combination)
• Macroglossum prometheus lineata (T.P. Lucas, 1891). —
  Moulds, M.S. 1985. A review of the Australian hawk moths of the genus Macroglossum Scopoli (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Australian Entomological Magazine 12(5): 81-105 [89] (new combination)

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Koolan Island, WA, northern NT, and eastern QLD from Torres Strait Islands to Burleigh Heads; New Guinea

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Northern Kimberley (NK), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [190]

History of changes

• Macroglossa prometheus Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de in Boisduval, J.B.A.D.de & Guenée, A. 1875. Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Species Géneral des Lépidoptères Hétéocères. Tome 1. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides. Paris. ii+iv + 568 + 6, pls 1-11 [first publ. syn., validated by Rothschild, 1903].
• Macroglossum maculatum Moore, F. in Horsfield, T. & Moore, F. 1858. A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company. London : Wm. H. Allen and Co. Vol. 1 v 278 iv 11 pp. 18 pls. [issued 1858, dated 1857] [262] [nomen nudum].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [136]
• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [193]

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum prometheus prometheus Boisduval, 1875. —
  Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [651]

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Only Australian record from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean; Myanmar, Java

Other Regions

Christmas Island terrestrial & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [193]

History of changes

• Macroglossum queenslandi Clark, B.P. 1927. Descriptions of twelve new Sphingidae and remarks upon two other species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 9: 99-109 [108].

Generic Combinations

• Macroglossum heliophila queenslandi (Clark, 1927). —
  Moulds, M.S. 1985. A review of the Australian hawk moths of the genus Macroglossum Scopoli (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Australian Entomological Magazine 12(5): 81-105 [88]
• Macroglossum divergens queenslandi (Clark, 1927) [M. divergens has priority over M. heliophila as senior synonym for subspecies. See Holloway (2011) and Moulds et al. (2020)]. —
  Holloway, J.D. 2011. The moths of Borneo: families Phaudidae, Himanopteridae and Zygaenidae; revised and annotated checklist. Malayan Nature Journal 63: 1-548 [316]

Introduction

Treated as a subspecies or synonym of M. heliophila Boisduval, 1875, or of M. divergens Walker, 1856, the latter being the senior synonym by priority (see Holloway, 2011). Moulds et al. (2020) presented molecular and morphological evidence to support treating M. queenslandi at the specific rank.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

North-eastern QLD from Torres Strait to south of Cooktown;

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [194]

History of changes

• Macroglossum rectans Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67.

  Type data:

   Status unknown, BMNH (9. ii. '97 (H. Kühn); formerly in Tring Museum), Little Kei [Little Kai Island, Indonesia].

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Northern NT from Darwin to Wessel Islands, and eastern QLD from Torres Strait Islands to south of Townsville; E Indonesia, New Guinea

IBRA

NT, Qld: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Arnhem (CA), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [196]

History of changes

• Macroglossa tenebrosa Lucas, T.P. 1891. Butterflies and Moths. Descriptions of two new Butterflies and nine new Sphingidae or Hawk moths found in Queensland. Published privately by the author. 1-4 pp.
• Macroglossa splendens Butler, A.G. 1892. Macroglossum vox, Newman. In Entomological notes, captures, etc. The Entomologist 25(344): 20.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp. [135]
• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [199]

Introduction

Macroglossum nox erroneously treated as a synonym of M. tenebrosa by Bridges (1993).

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

North-eastern QLD from Torres Strait Islands to Yeppoon; E Indonesia, Solomon Islands

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Bridges, C.A. 1993. Catalogue of the Family-group, Genus-group and Species-group Names of the Sphingidae of the World. Introduction, Parts 1–12, Appendix 1–3. Urbana : C.A. Bridges. [14]

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [199]

History of changes

• Macroglossa vacillans Walker, F. 1865. Supplement 1. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 31: 1-321 [Part 31 dated 1864 but published 11 February, 1865] [27] [see Moulds (1985) for further details on type specimen].

  Type data:

   Holotype OUM ♀ (not ♂ as stated in original description), Timor.

  Secondary source:

   Moulds, M.S. 1985. A review of the Australian hawk moths of the genus Macroglossum Scopoli (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Australian Entomological Magazine 12(5): 81-105 [84].
• Macroglossa approximata Walker, F. 1865. Supplement 1. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 31: 1-321 [Part 31 dated 1864 but published 11 February, 1865] [27-28] [non Miskin, 1891].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH no reg. no. given ♀, North Australia.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Moulds, M.S. 1985. A review of the Australian hawk moths of the genus Macroglossum Scopoli (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Australian Entomological Magazine 12(5): 81-105 [84].
• Macroglossa pseudogyrans Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [68].
• Macroglossa similis Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7 [68].
• Macroglossum backi Eitschberger, U. 2009. Macroglossum backi spec. nov., eine neue Schwarmerart aus Neuguinea (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten 63: 153-156 [153].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [201]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Northern Australia from Broome, WA, to eastern QLD south to Alice Springs in NT and to Brisbane in QLD; E Indonesia, New Guinea

IBRA

NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Channel Country (CHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Northern Kimberley (NK), Pine Creek (PCK), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [201]

History of changes

• Nephele Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [133].

  Type species:

   Sphinx didyma Fabricius, 1775 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [680].
• Laothoe Rafinesque, C.S. 1815. Analyse de la nature, ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organises. Palermo (Italy) : Privately Published 224 pp. [Date published April to July] [128] [nomen nudum].
• Lophuron Boisduval, J.B.A.D. de in Delegorgue, A. 1847. Voyage dans l'Afrique australe ... exécuté durant ... 1838-44 / Adulphe Delegorgue ; avec une introduction par M. A. Montémont. Vol. 2. [594] [nomen nudum].
• Orneus Hübner, J. 1824. Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge. Augsburg : J. Hübner. [pl. [159]].

  Type species:

   Orneus oenopion Hübner, 1824 by monotypy.
• Zonilia Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [78 (key), 192].

  Type species:

   Zonilia viridescens Walker, 1856 by subsequent designation, see Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [100].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Sphinx hespera Fabricius, J.C. 1775. Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig] : Kortii xxxii 832 pp. [Date published 17 April] [546].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, "India orientali".
• Sphinx didyma Fabricius, J.C. 1775. Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig] : Kortii xxxii 832 pp. [Date published 17 April].
• Sphinx chiron Cramer, P. 1777. Uitlandsche Kapellen. [Dutch title] or Papilions exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amérique. [French title]. Amsterdam Baalde and Utrecht : Wild Vol. 2 1-152 pls 92-192. [issued 1777, dated 1775–1790].
• Sphinx morpheus Cramer, P. 1777. Uitlandsche Kapellen. [Dutch title] or Papilions exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amérique. [French title]. Amsterdam Baalde and Utrecht : Wild Vol. 2 1-152 pls 92-192. [issued 1777, dated 1775–1790] [84, pl. 149].
• Sphinx quaterna Esper, E.J.C. 1794. Die Schmetterlinge in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen. Theil IV: Die Nachtschmetterlinge. Erlangen : W. Walthers.
• Perigonia obliterans Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [205]

Generic Combinations

• Zonilia chiron (Cramer, 1777). —
  Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [196]
• Nephele chiron (Cramer, 1777). —
  Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [133]
• Nephele didyma (Fabricius, 1775). —
  Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [133]
• Nephele hespera (Fabricius, 1775). —
  Butler, A.G. 1876. Revision of the Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9(3): 511-644, pls 90-94 [624, pl.91]
• Nephele morpheus (Cramer, 1777). —
  Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [133]
• Zonilia morpheus (Cramer, 1777). —
  Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [194]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Far north QLD from Torres Strait to Laura, west of Cooktown; Iran, China, New Guinea

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Ecological Descriptors

Distribution appears to be dependent on foodplant Carissa sp. (Apocynaceae)

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [205]

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [268] (Note #502: Nephele hespera (Fabricius, 1775) and Nephele didyma (Fabricius, 1775) were published simultaneously. N. hespera (Fabricius) was given priority by Butler (1876b) as first reviser. This species was recorded as Australian by Butler (1876b) but subsequently considered non Australian. It occurs on Cape York Peninsula south to about Laura)

History of changes

• Zonilia subvaria Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271.

  Type data:

   Status unknown, BMNH, Australia.
• Zonilia metapyrrha Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271.

  Type data:

   Status unknown, BMNH, Moreton Bay [QLD].
• Deilephila dalii Newman, E. 1857. Characters of a few Australian Lepidoptera, collected by Mr. Thomas R. Oxley. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 2 3: 281-300.
• Zonilia antipoda Walker, F. 1865. Supplement 1. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 31: 1-321 [Part 31 dated 1864 but published 11 February, 1865] [nomen nudum].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [208]

Generic Combinations

• Nephele metapyrrha (Walker, 1856). —
  Butler, A.G. 1876. Revision of the Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9(3): 511-644, pls 90-94 [625]
• Nephele subvaria (Walker, 1856). —
  Butler, A.G. 1876. Revision of the Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9(3): 511-644, pls 90-94 [624]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Shark Bay, WA across northern Australia, through central and eastern QLD to northeastern NSW and south to Sydney; New Caledonia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [208]

Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds) 1996. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [268] (Note #501: Nephele subvaria (Walker, 1856) and Nephele metapyrrha (Walker, 1856) were published simultaneously. N. subvaria (Walker) was given priority by Miskin (1891b) as first reviser)

History of changes

• Pseudoangonyx Eitschberger, U. 2010. Neugliederung der gattung Angonyx Boisduval, [1875] mit der neubeschreibung einer eigenen gattung für das taxon Panacra excellens Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten 64: 134-139 [134].

  Type species:

   Panacra execellens Rothschild, 1911 by original designation.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

History of changes

• Panacra excellens Eitschberger, U. 2010. Neugliederung der gattung Angonyx Boisduval, [1875] mit der neubeschreibung einer eigenen gattung für das taxon Panacra excellens Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten 64: 134-139 [135].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown ♂ (Oct.-Dec. 1910 (A. S. Meek); listed in Tring Museum by Rothschild (1919), possibly NHML), Oetakwa River, Snow Mts, Dutch New Guinea [West Papua].
• Panacra excellens darlingtoni Clark, B.P. 1935. Descriptions of twenty new Sphingidae and notes on three others. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 15: 19-39.

Generic Combinations

• Angonyx excellens (Rothschild, 1911). —
  Rothschild, L.W. 1919. List of types of Lepidoptera in the Tring Museum. I. Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae 26: 193-251 [228]
• Pseudoangonyx excellens (Rothschild, 1911). —
  Eitschberger, U. 2010. Neugliederung der gattung Angonyx Boisduval, [1875] mit der neubeschreibung einer eigenen gattung für das taxon Panacra excellens Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten 64: 134-139 [135] (changed combination as type species of the genus Pseudoangonyx)

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

North-eastern QLD from Torres Strait Islands to Kuranda near Cairns; E Indonesia, New Guinea

IBRA

Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [211]

History of changes

• Theretra Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [135].

  Type species:

   Sphinx equestris Fabricius, 1793 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [659].
• Oreus Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [136].

  Type species:

   Sphinx gnoma Fabricius, 1775 by subsequent designation, see Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [387].
• Gnathostypsis Wallengren, H.D.J. 1858. Nya fjäril-slägten. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 15: 75-84, 135-143, 209-215 [137].

  Type species:

   Gnathostypsis ostracina Wallengren, 1858 by original designation.
• Hathia Moore, F. in Hewitson, W.C. & Moore, F. 1882. Descriptions of new Indian Lepidopterous Insects from the collection of the late W.S. Atkinson. Part ii. Heterocera, continued (Cymatophoridae-Herminiidae). Calcutta : Asiatic Society of Bengal 89-198, pls iv, v.

  Type species:

   Sphinx clotho Drury, 1773 by subsequent designation, see Kirby, W.F. in Rye, E.C. 1893. Zoological Records. London : British Museum (Natural Histroy) Vol. 30. [183].
• Florina Tutt, J.W. 1903. Some Genera of the Eumorphid Sphinges. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 15: 75, 76 [76].

  Type species:

   Choerocampa japonica Boisduval, 1867 by original designation.
• Lilina Tutt, J.W. 1903. Genera of the Eumorphid and Daphnid Sphinges. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 15: 100-101 [101].

  Type species:

   Sphinx pinastrina Butler, 1876 by original designation.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kitching, I.J. & Cadiou, J.-M. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World, an annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). London; Ithaca & London : The Natural History Museum, Comstock Publishing Associates vii +226 pp.
• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [258]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Tasmania, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, Tas, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Pine Creek (PCK), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Central Kimberley (CK), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW)

Other Regions

Christmas Island terrestrial & freshwater, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Chaerocampa celata Butler, A.G. 1877. On a collection of Lepidoptera from Cape York and the south-east coast of New Guinea. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1877(3): 466-475 [472] [sic].

Generic Combinations

• Theretra celata (Butler, 1877).

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Hammond Island, Torres Strait (nominate subspecies reported as "infrequent" by Lane & Moulds (2015); removed from synonymy following recognition by Lane & Moulds (2015))

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Sphinx clotho Drury, D. 1773. Illustrations of Natural History; wherein are exhibited upwards of two hundred and forty figures of exotic insects according to their genera. London : White Vol. 2 90 pp. 50 pls. [this work is the subject of Opinion 474, ICZN (1958), and is on the Official List of Works approved as available for Zoological Nomenclature; names only available from index issued in 1773, work dated 1770–1780] [48, index, pl. 28, fig. 1].
• Deilephila cyrene Westwood, 1848.
• Chaerocampa bistrigata Butler, A.G. 1875. Descriptions of new species of Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 238-261 [249] [sic].
• Chaerocampa aspersata Kirby, W.F. 1877. Notes on the new or rare Sphingidae in the Museum of the Royal Dublin Society, and remarks on Mr Butler's recent revision of the family. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1877(3): 233-244 [241] [sic].
• Chaerocampa cloacina Miskin, 1891.
• Chaerocampa luteotincta Lucas, T.P. 1891. Butterflies and Moths. Descriptions of two new Butterflies and nine new Sphingidae or Hawk moths found in Queensland. Published privately by the author. 1-4 pp. [sic].
• Theretra butus Hampson, 1893 [sensu Hampson].
• Theretra lifuensis Rothschild, L.W. 1894. Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species. Novitates Zoologicae 1: 65-98 pls 5-7.
• Chaerocampa celato Dowling & Haines, 1963 [subsequent misspelling].

History of changes

Introduction

Single additional subspecies T. i. bismarcki Jordan, 1926 from the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea, however validity requires confirmation, see Moulds et al. (2020)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), Pine Creek (PCK), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

History of changes

• Choerocampa indistincta Butler, A.G. 1877. Descriptions of several African and Australian Lepidoptera in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 4 19: 458-462 [460].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown, Rockhampton, QLD.
• Chaerocampa cleopatra Miskin, W.H. 1891. A revision of the Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 1-28 [sic].
• Chaerocampa curvilinea Lucas, T.P. 1891. Butterflies and Moths. Descriptions of two new Butterflies and nine new Sphingidae or Hawk moths found in Queensland. Published privately by the author. 1-4 pp. [sic].
• Theretra clotho manuselensis Joicey, J.J. & Talbot, G. 1921. New forms of Sphingidae. The Entomologist 54: 105-109 [108].
• Theretra clotho papuensis Joicey, J.J. & Talbot, G. 1921. New forms of Sphingidae. The Entomologist 54: 105-109 [108].

Generic Combinations

• Theretra cleopatra (Miskin, 1891). —
  Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [656]
• Theretra curvilinea (T. P. Lucas, 1891). —
  Kirby, W.F. 1894. A hand-book to the Order Lepidoptera. Butterflies. Vol. 1. pp. i-lxxiv 1-261 in Bowdler-Sharpe, R. (ed.). Allen's Naturalist's Library. London : W.H. Allen. [101]
• Theretra indistincta (Butler, 1877). —
  Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [656]
• Theretra indistincta indistincta (Butler, 1877). —
  Jordan, K. 1926. Some new Eastern Sphingidae in Tring Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 9 18: 207-209 [208]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Broome, WA across northern NT to Cape York, QLD and south to northeast corner of NSW, infrequent on Hammond Island, Torres Strait

Australian Endemic.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Northern Kimberley (NK), Pine Creek (PCK), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Distribution References

History of changes

• Chaerocampa inornata Walker, F. 1865. Supplement 1. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 31: 1-321 [Part 31 dated 1864 but published 11 February, 1865] [sic].
• Chaerocampa pallida Miskin, W.H. 1891. A revision of the Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 1-28 [sic].

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Hammond Island, Torres Strait (reported as "frequent" by Lane & Moulds (2015))

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Distribution References

History of changes

• Sphinx latreillii W.S. Macleay, 1826.
• Chaerocampa leucasii Moore, F. in Horsfield, T. & Moore, F. 1858. A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company. London : Wm. H. Allen and Co. Vol. 1 v 278 iv 11 pp. 18 pls. [issued 1858, dated 1857] [misspel.].
• Chaerocampa comminuens Walker, F. 1865. Supplement 1. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 31: 1-321 [Part 31 dated 1864 but published 11 February, 1865] [sic].
• Chaerocampa deserta Butler, A.G. 1876. Revision of the Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 9(3): 511-644, pls 90-94 [638] [sic].
• Chaerocampa walduckii Butler, A.G. 1877. [Details not found]. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1877 [398] [sic].
• Chaerocampa amara Swinhoe, C. 1892. Catalogue of eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the Oxford University Museum. Part 1. Sphinges and Bombyces. Oxford : Claredon Press viii+324 pp., 8 pls. [21] [sic].
• Sphinx latreillei Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [misspel.].
• Theretra cinerea Haines in Dowling & Haines, 1963.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Kimberley region of Western Australia, Top End of the Northern Territory east to Queensland where it is found through the Torres Strait islands, through much of Cape York Peninsula, along the east coast of Queensland and along the east coast of New South Wales south to Wollongong. Hammond Island, Torres Strait (nominate subspecies reported as "common" by Lane & Moulds (2015))

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), Pine Creek (PCK), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Distribution References

History of changes

• Chaerocampa lucasii Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [sic].
• Theretra prattorum Clark, B.P. 1924. New Sphingidae. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 9: 11-21 [19].
• Deilephila spilota Moore, F. in Horsfield, T. & Moore, F. 1858. A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company. London : Wm. H. Allen and Co. Vol. 1 v 278 iv 11 pp. 18 pls. [issued 1858, dated 1857] [277] [sic, unavail. publ. syn.].
• Chaerocampa procne Clemens, 1859.
• Chaerocampa tenebrosa Moore, F. 1877. The lepidopterous fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1877(3): 580-632 pls 58-60 [publication date: Duncan, F.M. 1937. Dates of publication of the society's Proceedings, 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of "Proceedings" 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the "Transactions", 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London A 107: 71–84] [595] [sic].
• Theretra latreillii distincta Mell, R. 1922. Beiträge zur Fauna Sinica (II). Biologie und Systematik der südchinesischen Sphingiden. Zugleich ein Versuch einer Biologie tropischer Lepidopteren überhaupt. Berlin : R. Friedlander & Son xxii+331 pp., Atlas 35 pls, 10 figs, 1 map. [299] [infrasubsp.].
• Theretra llatreillii montana Mell, R. 1922. Beiträge zur Fauna Sinica (II). Biologie und Systematik der südchinesischen Sphingiden. Zugleich ein Versuch einer Biologie tropischer Lepidopteren überhaupt. Berlin : R. Friedlander & Son xxii+331 pp., Atlas 35 pls, 10 figs, 1 map. [299] [infrasubsp.].
• Theretra distincta Clark, B.P. 1928. Sundry notes on Sphingidae and descriptions of ten new forms. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 10: 33-46.
• Theretra montana Clark, B.P. 1928. Sundry notes on Sphingidae and descriptions of ten new forms. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 10: 33-46.
• Theretra latreillii prattorum Clark, B.P. 1924. New Sphingidae. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, Boston 9: 11-21 [19].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Moulds, M.S., Tuttle, J.P. & Lane, D.A. 2020. Hawkmoths of Australia: Identification, Biology and Distribution. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera Clayton South, VIC : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 13 pp. i-x, 1-414. [250]

Generic Combinations

• Theretra latreillei lucasi (Walker, 1856). —
  Rothschild, L.W. & Jordan, K. 1903. A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae. Novitates Zoologicae Supplement 9: i-cxxxv, 1-972, pls 1-67 [773]
• Theretra lucasi (Walker, 1856). —
  Kirby, W.F. 1892. A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Sphinges and Bombyces. London : Gurney & Jackson Vol. 1 xii 951 pp. [655]

Introduction

Placed as a subspecies of T. latreillii by Rothschild and Jordan (1903) however Moulds et al. (2020) presented evidence for treating the two taxa as distinct species.

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

Christmas Island, Indian Ocean; southern Asia (Pakistan, Taiwan, Philippines, Indonesia)

Other Regions

Christmas Island terrestrial & freshwater

History of changes

• Chaerocampa margarita Kirby, W.F. 1877. Notes on the new or rare Sphingidae in the Museum of the Royal Dublin Society, and remarks on Mr Butler's recent revision of the family. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1877(3): 233-244 [240] [sic].
• Chaerocampa marginata Swinhoe, C. 1892. Catalogue of eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the collection of the Oxford University Museum. Part 1. Sphinges and Bombyces. Oxford : Claredon Press viii+324 pp., 8 pls. [misspel.].
• Theretra phoenix Miskin, W.H. 1891. A revision of the Australian Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 8: 1-28 [misspel.***check reference***].

History of changes

• Sphinx nessus Drury, 1773.
• Sphinx equestris Fabricius, J.C. 1793. Entomologia Systematica Emendata et Aucta. Secundum, Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adjectis synonimis [sic], locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Hafniae : Christ. Gottl. Proft. Tom. 3(Pars 1) iv 487pp.
• Chaerocampa rubricundus Schaufuss, L.W. 1870. Nunquam Otiosus. Zoologische Mittheilungen: von … L.W. Schaufuss. Dresden Vol. 1-3 pp. 1-551. [sic].

History of changes

• Sphinx oldenlandiae Fabricius, J.C. 1775. Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig] : Kortii xxxii 832 pp. [Date published 17 April].
• Sphinx drancus Cramer, P. 1777. Uitlandsche Kapellen. [Dutch title] or Papilions exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amérique. [French title]. Amsterdam Baalde and Utrecht : Wild Vol. 2 1-152 pls 92-192. [issued 1777, dated 1775–1790].
• Deilephila argentata Stephens, J.F. 1828. Illustrations of British Entomology; or a synopsis of indigenous insects containing their generic and specific distinctions...... Mandibulata. London : Baldwin & Craddock Vol. 2 1-112 pls 10-14. [130].
• Sphinx lewini Thon, T.C.G. 1828. Entomologisches Archives. Jena : Thon Vol. 1(2). [publication date: Moulds, M.S. 1977. Bibliography of the Australian Butterflies. Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea 1773–1973. Greenwich, N.S.W. : Australian Entomological Press pp. 239. [203]].
• Chaerocampa firmata Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [sic].
• Chaerocampa sobria Walker, F. 1856. Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 8: 1-271 [sic, nomen nudum].
• Theretra lycetus Herrich-Schäffer, G.A.W. 1869. 1850-[1869]. Sammlung neuer oder wenig bekannter aussereuropäischer Schmetterlinge. Regensburg : G.J. Manz 84+4 pp., 100+28 pls.
• Chaerocampa puellaris Butler, A.G. 1875. Descriptions of several new species of Sphingidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 621-623 [623] [sic].
• Chaerocampa argentata Butler, A.G. 1875. Descriptions of thirty-three new or little-known species of Sphingidae in the collection of the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 3-16, pls 1-2 [8] [sic].
• Deilephila proxima Austaut, L. 1892. Deux Sphingides nouveaux de l'Asie orientale. Le Naturaliste 1892: 68, 69 [69].
• Theretra oldenlandiae olivacens Mell, R. 1922. Beiträge zur Fauna Sinica (II). Biologie und Systematik der südchinesischen Sphingiden. Zugleich ein Versuch einer Biologie tropischer Lepidopteren überhaupt. Berlin : R. Friedlander & Son xxii+331 pp., Atlas 35 pls, 10 figs, 1 map. [309] [infrasubsp.].
• Theretra oldenlandiae fuscata Gehlen, B. 1941. Neue Sphingiden. Entomologische Zeitschrift Frankfurt am Main 55(23): 178-179 [179].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown (types originally in authors collection), Celebes, Ceram, Sangi Islands [Sangihe & Seram Islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia].
• Theretra oldenlandiae samoana Gehlen, B. 1941. Neue Sphingiden. Entomologische Zeitschrift Frankfurt am Main 55(24): 185-186 [185-186].

  Type data:

   Holotype whereabouts unknown ♀ (types originally in authors collection), Samoa Islands.
• Theretra olivascens Inoue, H. 1973. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the Sphingidae of Taiwan (Lepidoptera). Bulletin of the Faculty of Domestic Science of Otsuma Women's University 9: 1-139, pls 1-12.