Genus Kahaono Kirkaldy, 1906

Museums

Regional Maps

• Kahaono Kirkaldy, G.W. 1906. Leafhoppers and their natural enemies. Bulletin of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association Experimental Station Entomological Series 1(9): 271-479 [361].

  Type species:

   Kahaono hanuala Kirkaldy, 1906 by monotypy.

 

Introduction

This is a species rich genus associated with the dominant Australian tree genus Eucalyptus l'Hér. (Myrtaceae) and is distributed across most of Australia. Parts of NW Western Australia and Central Australia are the only major regions where the genus has not been recorded. Ten described species are known but at least 17 more are known in collections and the distribution given here includes the undescribed species. Some species are distinctively marked with dark brown, red, white or black but these colour patterns are rather variable within species and are not as useful for identification as might appear from original descriptions of the species. The male genitalia provide the most reliable features for identification within the genus but, since the genitalia are relatively simple, it is easy to misdiagnose species. One remarkable species is K. montana Evans, the silk leafhopper, which is the only member of the Order Hemiptera known to produce a genuine proteinaceous silk.

 

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IBRA and IMCRA regions

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Channel Country (CHC), Coolgardie (COO), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Jarrah Forest (JF), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Diagnosis

Allied to Dikraneura Hardy, but the apical cells of the tegmina arranged more as in Aneono Kirkaldy. Head produced before eyes a little inflatedly, rounded apically. Head and eyes wider than pronotum, the latter arched anteriorly, one-half longer than the head. Tegmina without appendix; only one longitudinal apical vein emitted from the transverse apical veinlets, this forking into three at about its middle, thus forming four apical cells. Wings with submarginal vein entire, though faintly marked apicosuperiorly; third vein forked; two apical cells (Kirkaldy 1906).

The genus differs from Aneono Kirkaldy by the tegmen being more parallel-sided throughout whereas in Aneono the costal margin is convex giving the insect a more ovate overall appearance. The general shape of Kahaono is the same as that of Dziwneono Dworakowska from which it can easily be separated by the male subgenital plates which are large, simple and bucket shaped in Kahaono but elongate and highly modified in Dziwneono.

 

ID Keys

Evans 1966: 257–258

 

Diagnosis References

Evans, J.W. 1966. The leafhoppers and froghoppers of Australia and New Zealand. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 12: 1-347 [257–258]

Kirkaldy, G.W. 1906. Leafhoppers and their natural enemies. Bulletin of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association Experimental Station Entomological Series 1(9): 271-479 [361]

 

History of changes

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
05-Dec-2019		26-Apr-2012	MODIFIED
		12-Feb-2010	(import)