Genus Phyllospongia Ehlers, 1870
- Phyllospongia Ehlers, E. 1870. Die Esper'schen Spongien in der zoologischen Sammlung der K. Universität Erlangen. Erlangen : E.T. Jacob 36 pp. [30].
Type species:
Spongia papyracea Esper, 1806 by subsequent designation, see Burton, M. 1934. Sponges. Scientific Reports of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-1929 4: 513-621 pls 1-2 [572]. - Mauricea Carter, H.J. 1877. On a melobesian form of Foraminifera (Gypsina melobesioides, mihi); and further observations on Carpenteria monticularis. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 4 20: 172-176 [174].
Type species:
Mauricea lacinulosa Carter, 1877 by monotypy. - Carteriospongia Hyatt, A. 1877. A revision of the North American Poriferae, with remarks upon foreign species. Part 2. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History 2: 481-554 pls 15-17 [540].
Type species:
Spongia foliascens Pallas, 1766 by subsequent designation, see Burton, M. 1934. Sponges. Scientific Reports of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-1929 4: 513-621 pls 1-2 [573].
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Bergquist, P.R., Ayling, A.M. & Wilkinson, C.R. 1988. Foliose Dictyoceratida of the Australian Great Barrier Reef. 1. Taxonomy and Phylogenetic relationships. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli I: Marine Ecology 9(4): 291-320 [302]
Distribution
States
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
S Africa, Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Indo-Malayan region, New Zealand, Japan, W and central Pacific Ocean.
IMCRA
Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Western Shelf Transition (28), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northwest Province (4), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41), Central Western Transition (5)
Distribution References
Diagnosis
Phyllospongia diagnosis
Lamellate, vasiform, digitate or foliose sponges (Fig. 7C–F), typically thin-walled, with an unarmoured, smooth, irregularly corrugated, micro-conulose surface. The fibre skeleton comprises a regular reticulation of primary ascending, secondary connecting, and vermiform tertiary fibres. Primary fibres are axially cored with foreign debris, secondary and vermiform tertiary fibres are uncored. Secondary fibres may dominate the fibre skeleton in some species, particularly those with a thicker habit. Vermiform tertiary fibres are sometimes dispersed throughout the mesohyl, but are more typically arranged as an axial skeleton, particularly in the base and stalk. In digitate forms they can form fascicles, arranged in a similar orientation to secondary fibres. A sand cortex is usually present on one or both surfaces, but it never becomes a distinct sand armour, as seen in Carteriospongia and Strepsichordaia. The consistency is tough and flexible.
Carteriospongia diagnosis
Lamellate, foliose, caliculate and spreading forms are typical (Fig. 7G–I), though variable. The surface is heavily armoured with foreign debris and displays a characteristic pattern of mounds or ridges (Fig. 7J), that tend to be more pronounced on the oscular face. The relatively dense, irregular fibre skeleton comprises primary, secondary and tertiary fibres. Primary fibres are heavily cored, and may form strong fascicles in the subsurface region; primary fibres do not necessarily comprise the ascending component of the skeleton, at times tending to be more disorganised. The secondary fibres may be difficult to distinguish, being without orientation to primary fibres, and are either cored or uncored. More prominent are long, thin vermiform tertiary fibres which branch and rejoin, creating a tangled network of fine fibres. These vermiform fibres meander throughout the sponge without any apparent orientation. The consistency is coarse and flexible.
ID Keys
See Subfamily Phyllospongiinae Diagnosis
Diagnosis References
Cook, S.D.C. & Bergquist, P.R. 2002. Family Thorectidae Bergquist, 1978. pp. 1028-1050 in Hooper, J.N.A. & van Soest, R.W.M. (eds). Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers Vol. 1. [1046]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 03-Mar-2022 | DEMOSPONGIAE Sollas, 1885 | 10-Aug-2021 | MODIFIED | |
| 29-Mar-2018 | 15-Dec-2011 | MOVED | ||
| 29-Mar-2018 | 13-Apr-2011 | MODIFIED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |