Genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839
- Myrmarachne MacLeay, W.S. 1839. On some new forms of Arachnida. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 2: 1-14 [10].
Type species:
Myrmarachne melanocephalica MacLeay, 1839 by monotypy. - Entomocephalus ICZN 2010. OPINION 2258 (Case 3475) Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 (Araneae, conserved Salticidae): generic name. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 67(4) [Suppressed as senior synonym of Myrmarachne by ICZN Opinion 2258, Case 3475].
- Pyrophorus Koch, C.L. 1837. Übersicht des Arachnidensystems. Nürnberg : C.H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung Vol. 1 pp. 1-39. [29] [junior homonym of Pyrophorus Billberg 1820 (Coleoptera) and others].
Type species:
Pyrophosphorus semirufus C.L. Koch, 1837 by monotypy (= Myrmarachne formicaria (De Geer, 1778)). - Myrmecarachne Agassiz, L. (ed.) 1846. Nomenclator zoologicus continens nomina systematica generum animalium tam viventium quam fossilium, secundum ordinem alphabeticum disposita, adjectis auctoribus, libris, in quibus reperiuntur, anno editionis, etymologia et familias, ad quas pertinent, in singulis classibus. Fasc. IX/X: Titulum et praefationem operis, Mollusca, Lepidoptera, Strepsiptera, Diptera, Myriapoda, Thysanura, Thysanoptera, Suctoria, Epizoa et Arachnidas. Soloduri [= Solothurn, Switzerland] : Jent & Gassman. [243] [emendation for Myrmarachne; Simon, 1901 conserved the original spelling].
Type species:
Janus melanocephalus C.L. Koch, 1846 by subsequent designation, see Bonnet, P. 1957. Bibliographia araneorum: Analyse méthodique de toute la littérature aranéoligique jusqu'en 1939. Toulouse : Les Frères Douladoure Vol. 2(3) 1925-3026 pp. [2998] (preoccupied, now Myrmarachne kochi Reimoser, 1925).Type species:
Toxeus maxillosus C.L. Koch, 1846 by monotypy.- Oiconistes Gistel, 1848 [replacement name; replacement name for Pyrophorus C.L. Koch 1837m (preoccupied)].
- Saltica Simon, 1864 [objective synonym; objective synonym of Oiconistes ].
- Pyroderes Simon, E. 1868. Monographie des espèces européennes de la famille des attides (Attidae Sundewall. — Saltigradae Latreille). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 4 8: 11-72, 529-726 [714] [nom. nov. for Pyrophorus Koch, 1837].
- Synemosyna Thorell, T. 1877. Studi sui Ragni Malesi e Papuani. I. Ragi di Selebes raccolti nel 1874 dal Dott. O. Beccari. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 10: 341-634 [538] [nom. nud., non Synemosyna Hentz, 1831].
- Janigena Karsch, F. 1880. Arachnologische Blätter (Decas I). Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften 53: 373-409 [374].
- Bizonella Strand, E. 1929. Zoological and paleontological nomenclatorial notes. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 20: 1-29 [15] [nom. nov. for Bizone Simon, 1903].
- Emertonius Peckham, G.W. & Peckham, E.G. 1892. Ant-like spiders of the Family Attidae. Occasional Papers of the Natural History Society of Wisconsin 2: 1-83 [13, 54].
Secondary source:
Peckham, G.W. & Peckham, E.G. 1892. Ant-like spiders of the Family Attidae. Occasional Papers of the Natural History Society of Wisconsin 2: 1-83 [1653]. - Bizone Simon, E. 1903. Histoire naturelle des Araignées. Paris : Encyclopédie Roret Vol. 2(4) pp. 669-1080. [1050, 1051] [junior homonym of Bizone Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera)].
Type species:
Bizone longiventris Simon, 1903 by original designation.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Simon, E. 1901. Histoire naturelle des Araignées. Paris : Encyclopédie Rorét Vol. 2(3) pp. 381-668 figs 384-792. [504] (of Myrmarachne, Pyrophorus, Janus, Toxeus, Pyrophorus, Pyroderes, Janigera, Hermosa, Iola, Ascalus, Pergasus, Herilus)
- Wanless, F.R. 1978. A revision of the spider genera Belippo and Myrmarachne (Araneae: Salticidae) in the Ethiopian region. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 33: 1-139 [18] (of Bizonella)
- Wanless, F.R. 1978. On the identity of the spider Emertonius exasperans Peckham & Peckham (Araneae: Salticidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 33: 235-238 [235] (of Emertonius)
- Anon. 2010. Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 (Araneae: Salticidae): generic name conserved. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 67: 336
- Edwards, E.B. 2013. A review of the synonyms of Myrmaracchne (Araneae: Salticidae), with comments on the availability of each genus name. Peckhamia 110.1: 1-9
Distribution
States
Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Cosmopolitan.
IBRA
South Eastern Queensland (SEQ) ; ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Channel Country (CHC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT) ; ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Central Ranges (CR), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Jarrah Forest (JF), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), South East Corner (SEC), Sturt Plateau (STU), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Warren (WAR) ; NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), South Eastern Highlands (SEH) ; NSW, Qld, WA: Swan Coastal Plain (SWA) ; NT, Qld: Arnhem Plateau (ARP) ; SA: Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD)
Other Regions
Coral Sea Islands Territory, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Distribution References
Ecological Descriptors
Arthropod-feeder, carnivorous, predator.
General References
Berry, J.W., Beatty, J.A. & Proszynski, J. 1996. Salticidae of the Pacific Islands. I. Distribution of twelve genera, with descriptions of eighteen new species. Journal of Arachnology 24: 214-253 [238] (summary description)
Ceccarelli, F.S. 2008. Behavioural mimicry in Myrmarachne species (Araneae, Salticidae) from north Queensland, Australia. Journal of Arachnology 36: 344-351
Ceccarelli, F.S. 2009. Ant-mimicking spider, Myrmarachne species (Araneae : Salticidae), distinguishes its model, the green ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, from a sympatric Batesian O. smaragdina mimic, Riptortus serripes (Hemiptera : Alydidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 57: 305-309
Ceccarelli, F.S. &. Crozier, R.H. 2007. Dynamics of the evolution of Batesian mimicry: molecular phylogenetic analysis of ant-mimicking Myrmarachne (Araneae: Salticidae) species and their ant models. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 20: 286-295
Cross, F.R. & Jackson, R.R. 2018. When it looks and walks like and ant. Learning and Behaviour 46: 103-104 [103-104]
Edmunds, M. 2006. Do Malaysian Myrmarachne associate with particular species of ant? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London 88: 645-653
Edwards, G.B. & Benjamin, S.P. 2009. A first look at the phylogeny of the Myrmarachninae, with rediscovery and redescription of the type species of Myrmarachne (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 2309: 1–29, illustrations 1-10
Elgar, M.A. 1993. Inter-specific association involving spiders: Kleptoparasitism, mimicry and mutualism. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 33: 411-430
Holmes, A. 2019. First observation of Myrmarachne species feeding on ants (Araneae: Salticidae: Myrmarachnini). Peckhamia 178.1: 1-4
Huang, J-N., Cheng, R-C, Li, D. & Tso, I-M. 2011. Salticid predation as one potential driving force of ant mimicry in jumping spiders. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (B) 278: 1356-1364
Jackson, R.R. & Nelson, X.J. 2012. Specialized exploitation of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) by spiders (Araneae). Myrmecological News 17: 33-49
Maddison, W.P. 2015. A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Journal of Arachnology 43: 231-292
Maddison, W.P., Bodner, M.R. & Needham, K.M. 2008. Salticid spider phylogeny revisited, with the discovery of a large Australian clade (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 1893: 49-64
Nelson, X. J., Daiqin Li, & Jackson, R.R. 2006. Out of the frying pan and into the fire: a novel trade-off for Batesian mimics. Ethology 12: 270-277
Nelson, X.J. & Jackson, R.R. 2008. Antipredator creches and aggregations of ant-mimicking jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 94: 475-481
Nelson, X.J. and Card, A. 2016. Locomotory mimicry in ant-like spiders. Behavioral Ecology 27: 700-707
Nelson, Z.J. & Jackson, R.R. 2012. How spiders practice aggressive and Batesian mimicry. Current Zoology 58: 620-629
Pekar, S., Petrakova, L. Corcobado, G. & Whyte, R. 2017. Revision of eastern Australian ant-mimicking spiders of the genus Myrmarachne (Araneae, Salticidae) reveals a complex of species and forms. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 179: 642-676
Pekar, S. & Jiros, P. 2011. Do ant mimics imitate cuticular hydrocarbons of their models? Animal Behaviour 82: 1193-1199
Proszynski, J. 2001. Remarks on jumping spiders of the genus Damoetas related to Myrmarachne (Araneae: Salticidae) with description of two new species. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 51: 517-522 (Damoetas considered non ant-like sister genus to Myrmarachne)
Proszynski, J. 2016. Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologia Montenegrina 7: 4-32 (this paper subdivides Myrmarachne into a number of new genera. The Australian species apparently all remain in Myrmarachne)
Qu Hong-Hao, Lui Feng-Xiang, Zhang Zeng-Tao & Li Dai-Qin 2017. The role of elongated male chelicerae in sexual selection of an ant-like jumping spider Myrmarachne japonica. Acta Arachnologica Sinica 26: 51-58
Richardson, B.J., Whyte, R. & Zabka, M. 2019. A key to the genera of Australian jumping spiders (Aranaea: Salticidae). https://apps.lucidcentral.org/salticidae/
Richardson, B.J., Żabka, M., Gray, M.R. & Milledge, G. 2006. Distributional patterns of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) in Australia. Journal of Biogeography 33: 707-719 (Gives BIOCLIM predicted distribution of the genus)
Shamble, P.S., Hoy, R.R., Cohen, I & Beatus, T. 2017. Walking like an ant: a quantitative and experimental approach to understanding locomotor mimicry in the jumping spider Myrmarachne formicaria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (B) 284: 20170308
Zabka, M., Patoleta, B. and Trebicki, L. 2019. Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) inhabiting island off Australia re-visited. Austral Entomology 58: 382-386
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30-Sep-2019 | SALTICIDAE Blackwall, 1841 | 14-Aug-2019 | MODIFIED | Barry Richardson |
| 29-Mar-2018 | SALTICIDAE Blackwall, 1841 | 19-Mar-2018 | MODIFIED | |
| 15-Oct-2020 | SALTICIDAE Blackwall, 1841 | 15-Jul-2017 | MODIFIED | Barry Richardson |
| 15-Oct-2020 | SALTICIDAE Blackwall, 1841 | 15-Jun-2015 | MODIFIED | Barry Richardson |
| 15-Oct-2020 | 20-Jun-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 15-Oct-2020 | 18-Aug-2011 | MODIFIED | ||
| 09-Jul-2011 | MODIFIED |