Species Heteractis crispa (Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg, 1834)
- Actinia (Entacmaea) crispa Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg, C.G. 1834. Beitrage zur physiologischen Kenntniss der Corallenthiere im Allgemeinen und besanders des Rothen Meeres nebst, einem Versuche zur physiologischen Systematik derselben. Monatsberichte der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1: 225-380 [260].
Type data:
Syntype(s) Red Sea [Mer Rouge] [21°33'N, 38°17'E]. - Actinia paumotensis Couthouy in Dana, J.D. 1846. Zoophytes. United States Exploring Expedition. During the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Philadelphia : Lea & Blanchard Vol. 7 740 pp. [141].
Type data:
Lectotype USNM 1690, French Polynesia, Tuamotu [Paumotu] Archipelago, Raraka Island [16°06'S, 144°56'W]. - Discosoma macrodactylum Haddon, A.C. & Shackleton, A.M. 1893. Description of some new species of Actiniaria from Torres Straits. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society 8(1): 116–131 [117, 121-122].
Type data:
Syntype(s) UMZC, QLD, Torres Strait, Murray Islands, Mer [Maer] Island, 1m. - Radianthus kukenthali Kwietniewski, C.R. 1896. Actiniaria von Ternate, nach den Sammlungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Kükenthal. Zoologischer Anzeiger 19: 388-391 [389-390].
Type data:
Syntype(s) ZMH 2624; NHRM SMNH 5686; SMF 101. - Discosoma tuberculata Kwietniewski, C.R. 1898. Actiniaria von Ambon und Thursday Island. pp. 385-430 in Semon, R. (ed.). Zoologische Forschungsreisen in Australien und dem Malayischen Archipel von Richard Semon. Jena : Gustav Fischer Vol. 5: Systematik, tiergeographie, anatomie wirbelloser tiere. [387, 412-413, Tafel XXVIII fig. 46-48].
Type data:
Syntype(s) NHRM SMNH 5581, [3°42'S, 128°10'E]; PMJ PMJ 65. - Radianthus lobatus Kwietniewski, C.R. 1898. Actiniaria von Ambon und Thursday Island. pp. 385-430 in Semon, R. (ed.). Zoologische Forschungsreisen in Australien und dem Malayischen Archipel von Richard Semon. Jena : Gustav Fischer Vol. 5: Systematik, tiergeographie, anatomie wirbelloser tiere. [387, 414-415, Tafel XXVIII fig. 38-40].
Type data:
Holotype PMJ 69, Indonesia, Moluccas Islands, Ambon [Amboina] [3°39'S, 128°09'E].
Generic Combinations
- Heteractis crispa (Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg, 1834). —
Dunn, D.F. 1981. The clownfish sea anemones: Stichodactylidae (Coelenterata: Actiniaria) and other sea anemones symbiotic with Pomacentrid fishes. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 71: 1-115 [48-57] (Fautin, D. 2011. Hexacorallians of the World. http://geoportal.kgs.ku.edu/hexacoral/anemone2/index.cfm) - Bunodes crispa (Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg, 1834). —
Klunzinger, C.B. 1877. Die Korallthiere des rothen Meeres Erster Theil: Die Alcyonarien und Malacodermen. Berlin : Verlag der Gutmann'schen Buchhandlung 98 pp. [77] (Fautin, D. 2011. Hexacorallians of the World. http://geoportal.kgs.ku.edu/hexacoral/anemone2/index.cfm) - Cereus crispus (Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Ehrenberg, 1834). —
Milne Edwards, H. 1857. Histoire Naturelle des Coralliaires ou Polypes Proprement Dits. Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret Vol. T. 1 326 pp. [Only the chapter 'Introduction historique' was written by Milne-Edwards & Haime, as the latter passed away (see preface to the volume)] [271-272] (Fautin, D. 2011. Hexacorallians of the World. http://geoportal.kgs.ku.edu/hexacoral/anemone2/index.cfm)
Distribution
States
Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Indo-Pacific including French Polynesia, Micronesia, Melanesia, Japan, Seychelles, Red Sea.
IMCRA
Christmas Island Province (23), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40)
Ecological Descriptors
Marine.
Diagnosis
Oral disc flat, to 500 mm diameter, expanded specimens about as tall as oral disc diameter. Base adherent, generally flat, regular, rarely exceeding diameter of lower column. Column widens gradually from pedal disc, flared at oral end; texture leathery, grey, flared at top; each prominent verruca with raised rim. Fosse shallow or absent. Mouth elongate. Actinopharynx white to yellow with two deep siphonoglyphs, white. Tentacles sinuous, tapering to pointed tip; length generally a quarter to a third of the oral disc diameter, inner may be longer than outer; same colour as oral disc, sometimes with pink, mauve or blue tip.
General References
Astalhov, D.A. 2002. Species composition of anemonefishes (Perciformes, Pomacentridae) and their host sea anemones (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) in the Khanhhoa Province (South Vietnam). Journal of Ichthyology 42: 37-50
Dunn, D.F. 1981. The clownfish sea anemones: Stichodactylidae (Coelenterata: Actiniaria) and other sea anemones symbiotic with Pomacentrid fishes. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 71: 1-115
Fautin, D.G. 2011. Hexacorallians of the World. http://geoportal.kgs.ku.edu/hexacoral/anemone2/index.cfm
Fautin, D.G., Crowther, A.L. & Wallace, C.C. 2008. Sea anemones (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) of Moreton Bay. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 54(1): 35-64
Haddon, A.C. & Shackleton, A.M. 1893. Description of some new species of Actiniaria from Torres Straits. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society 8(1): 116–131
Hermansen, T.D., Arvedlund, M. & Fielder, G.C. 2005. Calcium antagonists inhibit the discharge of cnidae in response to electrical stimulation in the giant tropical sea anemone Heteractis crispa Ehrenberger (Anthozoa). Marine Behaviour and Physiology 38: 269-274
Hirose, Y. 1985. Habitat, distribution and abundance of coral reef sea-anemones (Actiniidae and Stichodactylidae) in Sesoko Island, Okinawa, with notes on expansion and contraction behavior. Galaxea 4: 113-127
Richardson, D.L., Harriott, V.J. & Harrison, P.L. 1997. Distribution and abundance of giant sea anemones (Actiniaria) in subtropical eastern Australian waters. Marine and Freshwater Research 48: 59-66
Scott, A. & Harrison, P.L. 2005. Synchronous spawning of host sea anemones. Coral Reefs 24: 208
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05-Aug-2022 | NYNANTHEAE Carlgren, 1899 | 13-Aug-2013 | MOVED | Dr Bronwen Scott |
| 05-Aug-2022 | 28-Feb-2011 | MODIFIED | ||
| 05-Aug-2022 | 09-Nov-2010 | MOVED | ||
| 05-Aug-2022 | 09-Nov-2010 | MOVED | ||
| 05-Aug-2022 | 28-Jul-2010 | MODIFIED | ||
| 13-Jul-2010 | MODIFIED |