Genus Graphium Scopoli, 1777

Museums

Regional Maps

• Graphium Scopoli, G.A. 1777. Introductio ad Historiam Naturalem, sistens genera lapidum, plantarum et animalium hactenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata, in tribus divisa, subinde ad leges naturae. Prague : Wolfgangus Gerle 506 pp. [433].

  Type species:

   Papilio sarpedon Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation, see Hemming, F. 1933. On the types of certain butterfly genera. The Entomologist 66: 196-200 [199].
• Zelima Fabricius, J.C. 1807. Systema glossatorum. In Illiger, Die neueste Gattungs-Eintheilung der Schmetterlinge aus den Linnéischen Gattungen Papilio und Sphinx. Magazin für Insektenkunde (Illiger) 6: 279-289 [279] [Zelima Fabricius, 1807 would be a junior homonym of Zelima Meigen, 1800 (Diptera), but Zelima Fabricius, 1807 was suppressed under the Plenary Powers for the purposes of the Principle of Priority and was placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic Names in Zoology as name No. 1657, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1963. Opinion 678. The suppression under the Plenary Powers of the pamphlet published by Meigen, 1800. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 20(5): 339–342 (339); this was done because Meigen's 1800 work was suppressed under the Plenary Powers at the same time; see Neave, S.A. 1939–1940. Nomenclator Zoologicus: A List of the Names of Genera and Subgenera in Zoology from the Tenth Edition of Linnaeus 1758 to the End of 1935. London : The Zoological Society of London Vol. 1–4 (696) for homonymy; Hemming, F. 1967. The generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology Suppl. 9: 1–509 (462)].

  Type species:

   Papilio pylades Fabricius, 1793 by monotypy.
• Arisbe Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [89].

  Type species:

   Papilio leonidas Fabricius, 1793 by designation under Plenary Powers, see Hemming, F. 1967. The generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Suppl. 9: 1-509 [59] (discussed type species selection); International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1967. Opinion 823. Arisbe Hübner, [1819] (Insecta, Lepidoptera): designation of a type-species under the Plenary Powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 24(4): 218-219 [218].
• Idaides Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [85].

  Type species:

   Papilio codrus Cramer, 1777 by subsequent designation, see Scudder, S.H. 1875. Historical sketch of the generic names proposed for butterflies. A contribution to systematic nomenclature. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 91-293 [195] (see (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1958) [7] for publication date of Cramer, [1777]).
• Zetides Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [85] [junior objective synonym of Graphium Scopoli, 1777].

  Type species:

   Papilio sarpedon Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation, see Scudder, S.H. 1875. Historical sketch of the generic names proposed for butterflies. A contribution to systematic nomenclature. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 91-293 [292].
• Ailus Billberg, G.J. 1820. Enumeratio Insectorum in Museo Gustave Johann Billberg. Stockholm : Typis Gadelianis 4 unnumbered + 138 pp. [In Latin] [81] [replacement name for Zelima Fabricius, 1807; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1963. Opinion 678. The suppression under the Plenary Powers of the pamphlet published by Meigen, 1800. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 20(5): 339–342 (341) discussed suppression of the name Zelima Fabricius, 1807].

  Type species:

   Papilio pylades Fabricius, 1793 by indication.
• Chlorisses Swainson, W. 1832. Zoological Illustrations, or original figures and descriptions of new, rare, or interesting animals, selected chiefly from the classes of ornithology, entomology, and conchology, and arranged according to their natural affinities. Vol. 2. London : Baldwin & Craddock 2nd Series pls 86–96. [issued 1832, dated 1832–1833] [pl. 89] [junior objective synonym of Graphium Scopoli, 1777].

  Type species:

   Papilio sarpedon Linnaeus, 1758 by monotypy.
• Pathysa Reakirt, T. 1865. Notes upon exotic Lepidoptera, chiefly from the Philippine Islands, with descriptions of some new species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia 3: 443-504 [issued 1865, dated 1864] [503].

  Type species:

   Papilio antiphates Cramer, 1775 by subsequent designation, see Scudder, S.H. 1875. Historical sketch of the generic names proposed for butterflies. A contribution to systematic nomenclature. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 91-293 [242] (see (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1958) [6] for publication date of Cramer [1775]).
• Dalchina Moore, F. 1881. The Lepidoptera of Ceylon. London : L. Reeve & Co. Vol. 1(2–4) pp. 41-190 pls 19-71. [issued 1881, dated 1880-1881] [143] [junior objective synonym of Graphium Scopoli, 1777].

  Type species:

   Papilio sarpedon Linnaeus, 1758 by original designation.
• Paranticopsis Wood-Mason, J. & de Nicéville, L. 1887. List of the lepidopterous insects collected in Cachar by Mr. J. Wood-Mason. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 55: 343-393 pls 15-18 [dated 1886] [376] [first made available as a subgenus of Papilio Linnaeus, 1758].

  Type species:

   Papilio macareus Godart, 1819 by subsequent designation, see Talbot, G. 1939. Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Butterflies. (Papilionidae & Pieridae). London : British Museum Vol. 1 xxxix 600 pp. 1 map 3 pls. [200].
• Pazala Moore, F. 1888. Descriptions of Indian Lepidoptera Heterocera from the Collection of the Late Mr. W.S. Atkinson. Calcutta : Asiatic Society of Bengal Pt 3 pp. 199-299 pls 6-8. [283].

  Type species:

   Papilio glycerion Gray, 1831 by original designation.
• Deoris Moore, F. 1903. Lepidoptera Indica. Rhopalocera: family Papilionidae, sub-family Papilioninae (continued), family Pieridae, sub-family Pierinae. London : Lovell Reeve & Co. Vol. 6 pp. 1-104. [issued 1903, dated 1903–1905] [31].

  Type species:

   Papilio agetes Westwood, 1843 by original designation.
• Klinzigia Niculescu, E.V. 1977. Un nouveau genre de Graphiini: Klinzigia n. gen. (Lep. Papilionidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de Mulhouse 1977(Oct–Dec): 51-52 [51] [junior homonym of Klinzigia Lehrer, 1970 (Diptera); Hancock, D.L. 1983. Classification of the Papilionidae (Lepidoptera): a phylogenetic approach. Smithersia 2: 1–48 [23]; Edwards, M.A & Tobias, M.A. (eds) 1993. Nomenclator Zoologicus. London : The Zoological Society of London (1966–1977) Vol. 8 (248) homonymy].

  Type species:

   Papilio weiskei Ribbe, 1900 by original designation (= Graphium weiskei (Ribbe)).
• Klinzigiana Niculescu, E.V. 1989. L'armature génitale mâle des Papilionidea. (Lepidoptera-Aparasternia). Bulletin du Cercle des Lépidoptéristes de Belgique 18(1–2): 10-24 [12] [replacement name for Klinzigia Niculescu, 1977].

  Type species:

   Papilio weiskei Ribbe, 1900 (=Graphium weiskei (Ribbe, 1900)) by indication.

 

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Hancock, D.L. 1983. Classification of the Papilionidae (Lepidoptera): a phylogenetic approach. Smithersia 2: 1-48 [23]
• Niculescu, E.V. 1989. L'armature génitale mâle des Papilionidea. (Lepidoptera-Aparasternia). Bulletin du Cercle des Lépidoptéristes de Belgique 18(1–2): 10-24 [10-24] (synonymy of Klinzigia Niculescu, 1977 to Wallaceana Niculescu, 1989)

 

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

PAPILIONIDAE: Graphium sarpedon (Linnaeus, 1758) — Page, M.G.P. & Treadaway, C.G. 2013. Speciation in Graphium sarpedon (Linnaeus) and its allies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera: Papilionidae). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Neue Series 6: 223-246

 

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA and IMCRA regions

drainage basins and coastal and oceanic zones

IBRA

ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Flinders (FLI), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater, Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Original AFD Distribution Data

Afrotropical Region

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Australian Capital Territory
  • Lord Howe Island
  • New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Northern Territory: N Gulf, N coastal
  • Queensland: N Gulf, NE coastal
  • Tasmania
  • Victoria: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
  • Western Australia: N coastal
• Indonesia
  • Aru Islands
  • Irian Jaya
  • Maluku
• Papua New Guinea
• Solomon Islands
• Vanuatu

Oriental Region

Distribution References

General References

Hancock, D.L. 1983. Classification of the Papilionidae (Lepidoptera): a phylogenetic approach. Smithersia 2: 1-48 [21]

Munroe, E.G. 1961. The classification of the Papilionidae (Lepidoptera). The Canadian Entomologist Supplement 17: 1-51 [18]

Swinhoe, C. 1885. On the Lepidoptera of Bombay and the Decan. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1885(1): 124-148 pl. 9 [publication date] [145] (misspelling of Zetides Hübner, 1819 as Zethes)

 

History of changes

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
07-Mar-2024	PAPILIONOIDEA	07-Mar-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby
04-Feb-2023	PAPILIONOIDEA	22-Dec-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby (ANU)
13-May-2022	PAPILIONOIDEA	07-Mar-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby
26-Feb-2021	PAPILIONOIDEA	07-Mar-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby
04-Jun-2020	PAPILIONOIDEA	07-Mar-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby
04-Jun-2020	PAPILIONIDAE Latreille, 1802	07-Mar-2024	MODIFIED
06-Sep-2017	PAPILIONOIDEA	07-Mar-2024	MODIFIED
04-Sep-2013	Graphium Scopoli, 1777	07-Mar-2024	MODIFIED
05-Mar-2013		05-Mar-2013	MODIFIED
30-Mar-2012		30-Mar-2012	MODIFIED
28-Mar-2012		28-Mar-2012	MODIFIED
28-Mar-2012		05-Apr-2011	MODIFIED
		12-Feb-2010	(import)