Genus Eriococcus Targioni Tozzetti, 1868

Museums

Regional Maps

• Eriococcus Targioni Tozzetti, A. 1868. Introduzione alla seconda memoria per gli studi sulle cocciniglie, e catalogo dei generi e delle specie della famiglia dei coccidi. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali 11: 694-738 [726].

  Type species:

   Coccus buxi Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1834 by subsequent designation, see International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1982. Opinion 1203. Eriococcidae Cockerell, 1899 conserved: type species designated for Eriococcus Targioni-Tozzetti, 1868 (Insecta, Homoptera). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39: 95-98 [95] (Opinion, 1203) (The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature ruled that the type species of Eriococcus be C. buxi in Opinion 1203. A detailed history of the genus and its various possible type species was presented by (Miller, D.R. & Williams, D.J., 1976)).
• Acanthococcus Signoret, V. 1875. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 14e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5 5: 15-40 [16] [Evidence suggests that the large tubular ducts on a limited number of species of Eriococcus sensu strictus are insufficient to characterize a separate genus. Because of this, the genus Acanthococcus must be considered a junior subjective synonym of Eriococcus. Acanthococcus Kiritchenko 1936 is a junior homonym of Acanthococcus Signoret 1875b and is currently placed in the Pseudococcidae with the replacement name Spinococcus Borchsenius].

  Type species:

   Acanthococcus aceris Signoret, 1875 by monotypy.
• Gossyparia Signoret, V. 1875. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 14e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5 5: 15-40 [20] [the unique distribution of the dorsal macrotubular ducts is not considered sufficient to treat Gossyparia as distinct from Eriococcus. This agrees with the concept of and Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 51: 347–393].

  Type species:

   Coccus ulmi Linnaeus, 1758 by original designation.

  Secondary source:

   Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393.
• Rhizococcus Signoret, V. 1875. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 14e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5 5: 15-40 [16] [synonymy of this genus was a subjective decision. Some have treated it as valid (e.g. Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. On the revision of the genus Eriococcus Sign. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR. Moscow ns 60: 501–503) while others have treated it as a junior synonym (e.g. Hoy, J.M. 1963. A catalogue of the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of the world. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 150: 1–260)].

  Type species:

   Rhizococcus gnidii Signoret, 1875 by monotypy.

  Secondary source:

   Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. On the revision of the genus Eriococcus Sign. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR ns 60: 501-503; Hoy, J.M. 1963. A catalogue of the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of the world. Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 150: 1-260.
• Uhleria Cooke, M. 1881. Scale insects injurious to fruit and other trees. pp. 28-47 in Cooke, M. (ed.). A treatise on the insects injurious to fruit and fruit trees of the state of California and remedies recommended for their extermination. Sacramento, California : State Office. [41] [this name was first used by Cooke, M. 1881. Scale insects injurious to fruit and other trees. pp. 28–47 in Cooke, M. (ed). A treatise on the insects injurious to fruit and fruit trees of the state of California and remedies recommended for their extermination. Sacramento, California : State Office in the combination "Uhleria araucariae, Comstock." This is the first use of the generic name Uhleria and therefore must be attributed to Cooke. Apparently, Cooke was in contact with Comstock, but Comstock changed his mind about the use of Uhleria and treated it as a senior synonym of the armored scale genus Fiorinia . Comstock, J.H. 1883. Second report on scale insects, including a monograph of the sub-family Diaspidinae of the family Coccidae and a list, with notes of the other species of scale insects found in North America. Department of Entomology Report, Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station 2: 47–142 presented an invalid nomenclatural scenario making Uhleria a valid armored scale name and included three species currently considered to be in the genus Fiorinia. Thus, Comstock's description of Uhleria is a junior homonymn of Uhleria Cooke. Uhleria Cooke is here considered a junior subjective synonym of Eriococcus. Even though there was no formal description of a generic name, according to Article 12(b)(6) of the ICZN, Uhleria was validly described by Cooke by indication].

  Type species:

   Eriococcus araucariae Maskell, 1879 by monotypy.

  Secondary source:

   Cooke, M. 1881. Scale insects injurious to fruit and other trees. pp. 28-47 in Cooke, M. (ed.). A treatise on the insects injurious to fruit and fruit trees of the state of California and remedies recommended for their extermination. Sacramento, California : State Office.; Comstock, J.H. 1883. Second report on scale insects, including a monograph of the sub-family Diaspidinae of the family Coccidae and a list, with notes of the other species of scale insects found in North America. Cornell University Agricultural Experimental Station, Department of Entomology Report 2: 47-142.
• Thekes Maskell, W.M. 1892. Further coccid notes: with descriptions of new species, and remarks on coccids from New Zealand, Australia and elsewhere. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 24: 1-64 [dated 1891] [28] [Thekes was a manuscript name of Crawford, used in print by Maskell in 1892. Cockerell, T.D.A. 1897. Contributions to Coccidology. – II. American Naturalist 31: 588–592 placed it as a subgeneric name in Eriococcus, but Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1922. A redescription of the type species of the genera of Coccidae based on species originally described by Maskell. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 60: 1–120 doubted this placement. Thekes was placed definitely as a synonym of Eriococcus by and Ferris, G.F. 1957. A review of the family Eriococcidae (Insecta: Coccoidea). Microentomology 22: 81–89].

  Type species:

   Acanthococcus multispinus Maskell, 1879 by original designation.

  Secondary source:

   Cockerell, T.D.A. 1897. Contributions to Coccidology. – II. American Naturalist 31: 588-592; Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1922. A redescription of the type species of the genera of Coccidae based on species originally described by Maskell. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 60: 1-120; Ferris, G.F. 1957. A review of the family Eriococcidae (Insecta: Coccoidea). Microentomology 22: 81-89.
• Greenisca Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. On the revision of the genus Eriococcus Sign. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR ns 60: 501-503 [502].

  Type species:

   Anophococcus gouxii Balachowsky, 1954 by original designation (According to (Williams, D.J., 1985) "there are some nomenclatural problems concerning the type species." According to (Danzig, E.M., 1962) the species on which Borchsenius (1948) based Greenisca was not E. inermis Green but another species, which (Danzig, E.M. [Dantsig], 1980) stated, was later described as Anophococcus gouxii Balachowsky; the type species, therefore, of Greenisca should be either A. gouxii Balachowsky, 1954 or = E. inermis Green, 1915. Article 70 of the International Code on Zoological Nomenclature states that "if a zoologist considers that a type-species designated for a new genus has been misidentified, then that person should refer the case to the Commission to designate as the type-species whichever species will in its judgement best serve stability and uniformity of nomenclature..." A petition has not been submitted to the Commission. Furthermore, the anal lobes of G. gouxii illustrated by (Danzig, E.M., 1980) have three enlarged setae but the same species illustrated by (Balachowsky, A.S., 1954) has the outer seta much reduced in size. E. inermis has a minute outer seta on the anal lobes, frontal tubercules and microducts without a bifid orifice. This problem remains to be resolved.).
• Anophococcus Balachowsky, A.S. 1954. Sur une nouvelle espèce d'Eriococcini de la forêt de Fontainebleau avec création d'un genre nouveau. [Hom. Coccoidea.]. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 59: 61-64 [61] [synonymy of this genus was a subjective decision. Some have treated it as valid (e.g. Kosztarab, M. & Kozár, F. 1988. Scale Insects of Central Europe. Budapest : Akadémiai Kiado 456 pp.) while others (e.g. Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 51: 347–393) have treated it as a junior subjective synonym of Eriococcus].

  Type species:

   Eriococcus inermis Green, 1915 by original designation.

  Secondary source:

   Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393; Kosztarab, M. & Kozár, F. 1988. Scale Insects of Central Europe. Budapest : Akadémiai Kiado 456 pp.
• Gregoporia Danzig, E.M. 1979. A new distinct genus of Eriococcid (Homoptera, Coccoideae, Eriococcidae) from European USSR. In New Species of Insects. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 61: 46-47 [46] [the diagnostic characters of Gregoporia of 8-segmented antennae and dorsal quinquelocular pores are within the range of variation expected within Eriococcus, see Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1996. Nomenclatural changes in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 597–606].

  Type species:

   Gregoporia distincta Danzig, 1979 (=Gregoporia rosacea (Balachowsky, 1932)) by monotypy.

  Secondary source:

   Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1996. Nomenclatural changes in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 597-606.
• Kaweckia Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B. 1981. Kaweckia gen. n. in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera, Coccoidea) and notes on related genera. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 25: 501-518 [501] [this genus is characterized by having dorsal cruciform pores, disc pores, and enlarged setae that are restricted to the margins of the posterior abdominal segments. "At present there seems to be little justification for accepting this genus and it is here regarded as a component of Eriococcus", see Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 51: 347–393].

  Type species:

   Eriococcus glyceriae Green, 1921 by original designation.

  Secondary source:

   Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393.
• Neokaweckia Tang, F.T. & Hao, J. 1995. [The Margarodidae and others of China.]. Beijing, P. R. China : Chinese Agricultural Science Technology Press 738 pp. [596] [this genus is characterized as having dorsal cruciform pores, truncate body setae that occur on the last few abdominal segments, and a small anal ring. These characters are within the range of expected variation in the genus Eriococcus.].

  Type species:

   Greenisca rubra Matesova, 1960 by monotypy.
• Gossyperia Kuwana, S.I. 1907. Coccidae of Japan, I. A synoptical list of Coccidae of Japan with descriptions of thirteen new species. Bulletin of the Imperial Central Agricultural Experiment Station, Japan 1: 177-212 [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].
• Criococcus Rutherford, A. 1915. Notes on Ceylon Coccidae. Spolia Zeylanica 10: 103-115 [110] [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].
• Gassyparia Balachowsky, A.S. 1927. Contribution à l'étude des coccides de l'Afrique mineure (1re note). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 96: 175-207 [189] [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].
• Gossiparia Chorley, J.K. 1939. Report of the Division of Entomology for the year ending 31st December, 1938. Rhodesia Agricultural Journal 36(8): 598-622 [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].
• Priococcus Fulmek, L. 1943. Wirtsindex der Aleyrodiden- und Cocciden- Parasiten. Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem 10: 1-100 [32, 60] [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].

 

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Ferris, G.F. 1955. Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America. v. 7. The Families Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Conchaspididae Dactylopiidae and Lacciferidae. (Part 3). Palo Alto, California : Stanford University Press Vol. 7(3) 233 pp. [94] (synonymy of Thekes Maskell, 1892; synonymy of Gossyparia Signoret, 1875; synonymy of Acanthococcus Signoret, 1875; synonymy of Rhizococcus Signoret, 1875)
• Hoy, J.M. 1962. Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of New Zealand. Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 146: 1-219 [132] (synonymy of Anophococcus Balachowsky, 1954)
• Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1966. An annotated list of generic names of the scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Miscellaneous Publication United States Department of Agriculture 1015: 1-206 [200] (synonymy of Uhleria Cooke, 1881)
• Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393 [356] (synonymy of Greenisca Borchsenius, 1948; p. 357 synonymy of Kaweckia Koteja & Zak-Ogaza, 1981)
• Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1996. Nomenclatural changes in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 597-606 [605] (synonymy of Neokaweckia Tang & Hao, 1995—cited in ScaleNet as ref code 'MillerGi1998' but no reference found; alternative reference may be Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1999. New combinations, new synonymy, and homonomy in the Eriococcidae, new homonomy and synonymy in the Cerococcidae, and transfer of Cancerococcus Koteja to the Margarodidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 101(1): 212–218; synonymy of Gregoporia Danzig, 1979)

 

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia

ID Keys

(Hodgson, C.J. & Miller, D.R., 2002) [193] (female; key to adult females of genera and species of Eriococcidae known from Chile); (Kosztarab, M., 1996) [227] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species of northeastern North America); (Tang, F.T. & Hao, J., 1995) [642] (female; as Gossyparia, Greenisca, Neokaweckia, Kaweckia, Rhizococcus; key to genera of Eriococcina); (Gill, R.J., 1993) [156] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species of California); (Miller, D.R. & Miller, G.L., 1993) [7] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species of the Eastern United States); (Miller, D.R. & Miller, G.L., 1992) [3] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus sp. of the Western United States); (Miller, D.R., Liu, T. & Howell, J.O., 1992) [514] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Instars of Acanthococcus and most Eriococcidae); (Gullan, P.J. & Vranjic, J.A., 1991) [26] (female; key to adult females of gum-tree eriococcids); (Miller, D.R., 1991) [334] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species that infest Atriplex sp.); (Kosztarab, M. & Kozár, F., 1988) [277, 292, 299] (adult female; as Rhizococcus, Kaweckia, Greenisca; Acanthococcus species of central Europe); (Danzig, E.M., 1986) [238] (female; as Acanthococcus, Greenisca; key to Eriococcidae genera of the far-eastern USSR); (Williams, D.J., 1985) [352] (adult female; key to genera of British Eriococcidae); (Tereznikova, E.M., 1982) [35] (adult female; key to genera of the Ukraine); (Wang, L.Y., 1982) [41] (adult female; key to Chinese species); (Wang, Z.Q., 1982) [41] (adult female; Eriococcus species of China); (Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B., 1981) [509] (adult female; as Greenisca; key to Greenisca species); (Tereznikova, E.M., 1981) [14, 52] (adult female; as Acanthococcus and Greenisca; key to species of the Ukraine); (Danzig, E.M. [Dantsig], 1980) [205] (adult female; as Acanthococcus, Greenisca; species and subspecies of the far eastern USSR); (Wang, T.C., 1980) [115] (adult female; Eriococcus species); (Paik, W.H. (ed.), 1978) [164-165] (female; Eriococcus species in Korea); (Danzig, E.M., 1975) [42] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species of the far eastern USSR); (Miller, D.R. & González, R.H., 1975) [138] (adult female; key to the Chilean genera of the Eriococcidae); (Baker, W.L., 1972) [93] (female; Field key to the genera of scale insects based principally on host plants); (Danzig, E.M., 1971) [820] (female; key to genera of Eriococcidae); (Borchsenius, N.S. & Danzig, E.M., 1966) [42] (adult female; as Greenisca; Greenisca species in the USSR); (McDaniel, B., 1964) [102] (adult female; Eriococcus species of Texas); (Danzig, E.M., 1962) [840, 859] (adult female; as Rhizococcus; Rhizococcus species of the USSR); (Ferris, G.F., 1955) [95] (adult female; North American species of Eriococcus); (Borchsenius, N.S., 1949) [321-322] (female; as Gossyparia, Acanthococcus, Rhizococcus, Greenisca; key to Eriococcinae genera of the USSR)

 

SYSTEMATICS

Slide-mounted adult female with: well-developed legs and antennae; protruding anal lobes, usually with 3 or 4 enlarged setae; microtubular ducts; macrotubular ducts on dorsum and venter; enlarged setae at least on part of body margin, often covering dorsum and lateral areas of venter (Ferris, G.F. 1955. Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America, v. 7, the Families Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Conchaspididae Dactylopiidae and Lacciferidae. iii. Palo Alto, California : Stanford University Press 233 pp.); cruciform pores (Miller, D.R. & McKenzie, H.L. 1967. A systematic study of Ovaticoccus Kloet and its relatives, with a key to North American genera of Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae). Hilgardia 38: 471–539). The status of various generic synonyms of Eriococcus is highly controversial and is treated differently by most coccidologists. We have taken the conservative view of treating most of these genera as synonyms of Eriococcus. A detailed phylogentic analysis needs to be undertaken to resolve this problem. Lindinger, L. 1933. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Schildläuse (Hemipt. – Homopt., Coccid.). Entomologischer Anzeiger 13: 77–166 erroneously considered Nidularia to be the senior synonym of Eriococcus. For discussion of this issue see the notes of Nidularia.

 

General References

Afifi, S. 1968. Morphology and taxonomy of the adult males of the families Pseudococcidae and Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). British Museum (Natural History), 2nd Report on Economic Zoology 13: 3-210 [8] (taxonomy)

Ahmad, R. & Ghani, M.A. 1972. Coccoidea and their natural enemy complexes in Pakistan. Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Technical Bulletin 15: 59-104 [64] (distribution)

Ali, S.M. 1970. A catalogue of the Oriental Coccoidea. (Part IV) (Insecta: Homoptera: Coccoidea). Indian Museum Bulletin 5: 71-150 [75-76] (taxonomy)

Alimdzhanov, R.A. & Bronshtein, T.G. 1956. Coccoidea. In: Invertebrate animals of the Zeravshan Basin. Tashkent : Akad. Nauk Uzbek. 348 pp. [149] (distribution, host)

Archangelskaya, A.D. 1937. The Coccidae of Middle Asia. Izdatelstvo Komiteta Nauk UZSSR, Tashkent [1937]: 158 pp. [26-27, 128] (distribution, taxonomy)

Arnett, R.H. 1985. American insects: a handbook of the insects of America north of Mexico. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. 850 pp. [239] (distribution, taxonomy)

Ashmead, W.H. 1900. On the genera of chalcid-flies belonging to the subfamily Encyrtinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 22: 323-412 [Date published 5/06/1900] [411] (biological control)

Bajoi, A.H. 1983. Bionomics and control of coccids in Baluchistan. Pakistan : Agricultural Research Institute, Entomology Section, Sariab Quetta 21 pp. [9] (distribution, host)

Baker, W.L. 1972. Eastern forest insects. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Miscellaneous Publications 1175: 1-642 [93] (host, taxonomy)

Balachowsky, A.S. 1942. Essai sur la classification des cochenilles (Homoptera – Coccoidea). Annales de l'École Nationale d'Agriculture de Grignon 3: 34-48 [42] (taxonomy)

Balachowsky, A.S. 1948. Les cochenilles de France, d'Europe, du nord de l'Afrique et du bassin Méditerranéen. IV. Monographie des Coccoidea, classification – Diaspidinae (première partie). Actualités Scientifiques et Industrielles 1054: 243-394 [254] (taxonomy)

Balachowsky, A.S. 1954. Sur une nouvelle espèce d'Eriococcini de la forêt de Fontainebleau avec création d'un genre nouveau. [Hom. Coccoidea.]. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 59: 61-64 [61] (description, taxonomy)

Ballou, C.H. 1926. Los cóccidos de Cuba y sus plantas hospederas. Boletín Estación Experimental Agronómica, Santiago de Las Vegas, Cuba 51: 1-47 [45] (distribution, host)

Bartlett, B.R. 1978. Coccidae. In, Clausen, C.P. (ed.). Introduced Parasites and Predators of Arthropod Pests and Weeds: a World Review. Washington, D.C. : Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture 545 pp. [153] (biological control)

Bazarov, B.B. 1962. On the question of the origin of the coccid fauna (Homoptera Coccoidea) of the Gissar Valley and Ridge. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoi SSR. Otdelenie Biologicheskikh Nauk 4: 60-64 [53] (distribution, host)

Beardsley, J.W. 1984. Gall-forming Coccoidea. In, Ananthakrishnan, T.N. (ed.). Biology of Gall Insects. New Delhi : Oxford & IBH. Publ. Co. 400 pp. [84, 85] (taxonomy)

Berry, J.A. 1995. Moranilini (Insecta: Hymenoptera). In, [Unknown] (ed.). No. 33, Fauna of New Zealand/Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa. Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand : Manaaki Whenua Press 82 pp. [9] (biological control, distribution, host)

Betrem, J.G. 1937. Morphology and systematics of some of the principal mealy bug species of Java. (Hom. Cocc.). Archief voor de Koffiecultuur in Nederland Indie 11: 1-118 [20, 24, 25, 99, 100] (distribution, taxonomy)

Blanchard, E.E. 1940. Apuntes sobre encirtidos Argentinos. Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina 130: 106-128 [110, 118] (biological control)

Blanchard, R. 1883. [Useful coccids.] Les coccides utiles. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 8: 217-328 [281-282] (taxonomy)

Bodenheimer, F.S. 1924. The Coccidae of Palestine. First report on this family. Zionist Organization Institute of Agriculture and Natural History, Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 1: 1-100 [19] (taxonomy)

Bodenheimer, F.S. 1944. Note on the Coccoidea of Iran, with description of new species. Bulletin de la Société Fouad 1er d'Entomologie 28: 85-100 [93] (taxonomy)

Bodenheimer, F.S. 1953. The Coccoidea of Turkey. III. Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Istanbul B 18: 91-164 [117] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Boratynski, K.L. 1958. A note on Ovaticoccus agavium (Douglas) (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) and on the genus Ovaticoccus generally. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London A: General Entomology 27: 173-182 [175] (taxonomy)

Boratynski, K.L. 1962. A new species of Acanthococcus Signoret, 1875 (Eriococcidae, Coccoidea, Homoptera) from Britain. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B: Taxonomy 31: 55-60 [55] (description, taxonomy)

Boratynski, K.L. & Williams, D.J. 1964. A note on some British Coccoidea, with new additions to the British Fauna. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B: Taxonomy 33: 103-110 [108] (taxonomy)

Boratynski, K.L. & Williams, D.J. 1964. Coccoidea. pp. 87-94 in Kloet, G.S. & Hinks, W.D (eds). Checklist of British Insects. London : Handbk. Ident. British Insects Vol. 11. [91] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1937. Coccidae of Quarantine Value for U.S.S.R. and their Allied Species. Tbilisi, Georgia : Plant Quar. Sta. 272 pp. 72 pls. [19, 154] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1937. Tables for the identification of coccids (Coccidae) injurious to cultivated plants and forests in the USSR. Leningrad : Quarantine Regional Inspection 148 pp. [40, 59] (distribution, taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. On the revision of the genus Eriococcus Sign. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR ns 60: 501-503 [501-502] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. Toward a revision of the genus Phenacoccus Ckll. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 61: 953-956 [953, 956] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1949. Insects Homoptera. suborders mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Family mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). Vol. VII. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR 38: 1-382 [22-26, 32-44, 321-327] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1956. Notes on the Coccoidea of Korea. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (English translation as Entomological Reviews) 35: 671-679 [677] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1957. Subtribe mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Soft scale insects Coccidae. Vol. IX. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR ns 66: 1-493 [311] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1958. On the evolution and phylogenetic interrelations of the Coccoidea (Insecta Homoptera). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 37: 765-780 [766, 773] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1960. Coccid fauna of China. 9. New soft scales of the families Margarodidae, Eriococcidae and Pseudococcidae (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (English translation as Entomological Reviews) 39: 914-938 [920] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. & Danzig, E.M. 1966. A new species of Greenisca Borchs. (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) from the USSR In Bykhovskii, B.E., New Species of Insects of the Fauna of the USSR and Adjacent Countries. Trudy Akademii Nauk SSR Zoologicheskogo Instituta. St. Petersburg 37: 41-44 [41] (description, taxonomy)

Brain, C.K. 1915. The Coccidae of South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 5: 65-194 [79, 85, 146] (description, taxonomy)

Brittin, G. 1938. A systematic classification of Pseudococcus and some related genera. Part I. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 68: 325-348 [330, 340] (taxonomy)

Britton, W.E. 1920. Check-list of the insects of Connecticut. Bulletin of the Connecticut State Geology and Natural History Survey 31: 63-66 [63] (distribution)

Brown, K.S. 1975. The chemistry of aphids and scale insects. Chemical Society Reviews 4: 263-288 [273] (chemistry)

Brown, S.W. 1967. Chromosome systems of the Eriococcidae (Coccoidea–Homoptera). 1. A survey of several genera. Chromosoma (Berlin) 22: 126-150 [126-150] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Brues, C.T., Melander, A.L. & Carpenter, F.M. 1954. Classification of insects. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 108: 1-917 [167] (taxonomy)

Bruner, S.C., Scaramuzza, L.C. & Otero, A.R. 1945. Catálogo de los insectos que atacan a las plantas económicas de Cuba. Boletín Estación Experimental Agronómica, Santiago de Las Vegas, Cuba 63: 1-246 [147] (taxonomy)

Bytinski-Salz, H. & Sternlicht, M. 1967. Insects associated with oaks (Quercus) in Israel. Israel Journal of Entomology 2: 107-143 [126] (distribution, host)

Charlin, C.R. 1972. [Geographic distribution, host plants and new identifications of coccids in Chile.]. Revista Peruana del Entomología Agrícola 15: 215-218 [216] (distribution, host)

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1894. A check list of Nearctic Coccidae. The Canadian Entomologist 26: 31-36 [31] (taxonomy)

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1894. Some observations on the distribution of Coccidae. American Naturalist 28: 1050-1054 [1052] (distribution, taxonomy)

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1896. A check list of the Coccidae. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History 4: 318-339 [323, 324] (taxonomy)

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1899. Article VII. – First supplement to the check-list of the Coccidae. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History 5: 389-398 [391] (taxonomy)

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1899. Tables for the determination of the genera of Coccidae. The Canadian Entomologist 31: 273-279, 330-333 [276-277] (taxonomy)

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1905. Tables for the identification of Rocky Mountain Coccidae (Scale insects and mealybugs). Colorado University Studies 2: 189-203 [192] (taxonomy)

Compere, H. 1936. Notes on the classification of the Aphelinidae with descriptions of new species. University of California Publications in Entomology 6: 277-322 [285] (taxonomy)

Comstock, J.H. 1881. Report of the Entomologist. Part II. Report on scale insects. Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture 1880–1881: 276-349 [337-338] (description, taxonomy)

Cook, L. & Gullan, P.G. 2001. Are the enlarged ducts of Eriococcus (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) plesiomorphic? Entomologica 33[1999]: 59-66 [59-66] (description, taxonomy)

Cox, J.M. & Williams, D.J. 1987. Do the Eriococcidae form a monophyletic group. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria 'Filippo Silvestri', Portici 43(Suppl.): 13-17 [14] (chemistry)

Craw, A. 1896. Injurious insect pests found in the trees and plants from foreign countries. Biennial Report of the California State Board of Horticulture 5: 33-47 [40, 45] (distribution, host)

Danzig, E.M. 1962. Revision of the genus Rhizococcus Signoret (Homoptera, Coccoidea) of the SSR fauna. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (English translation as Entomological Reviews) 41: 839-860 [939-860] (description, taxonomy)

Danzig, E.M. 1964. 5. Suborder Coccinea — Coccids or mealybugs and scale insects. Akademii Nauk SSSR Zoologicheskogo Instituta Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 1: 616-654 [632] (distribution, taxonomy)

Danzig, E.M. 1971. Suborder Coccinea — coccids or mealybugs and scale insects. In, Bei-Bienko, G.Y. (ed.). Keys to the Insects of the European USSR. Vol. 1. Moscow : Acad. Sci. USSR, Zool. Inst. [820] (taxonomy)

Danzig, E.M. 1975. New species of the genus Acanthococcus Sign. (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) from the Far East of USSR. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (English translation as Entomological Reviews) 54: 62-81 [42] (taxonomy)

Danzig, E.M. 1979. A new distinct genus of Eriococcid (Homoptera, Coccoideae, Eriococcidae) from European USSR. In New Species of Insects. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 61: 46-47 [46] (taxonomy)

Danzig, E.M. 1986. Coccids of the Far-Eastern USSR (Homoptera: Coccinea). Phylogenetic analysis of coccids in the world fauna. New Delhi, India : Amerind Publishing Co. 450 pp. [239] (description, taxonomy)

Danzig, E.M. 1988. Suborder Coccinea. In, Lehr, P.A. (ed.). Keys to insects of the Far East of the USSR. Leningrad : Nauka. [707, 709] (taxonomy)

Danzig, E.M. [Dantsig] 1980. Coccoids of the Far East USSR (Homoptera, Coccinea) with an analysis of the phylogeny of coccids of the world fauna. Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 124: 1-343 [205] (description, taxonomy)

Dethier, M. 1980. [Hemiptera of the Swiss National Parks alpine grasslands.] Hemiptères des pelouses Alpines au park national Suisse. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 87: 975-990 [986, 987] (distribution, host)

Dietz, H.F. & Morrison, H. 1916. The Coccidae or scale insects of Indiana. Indiana State Entomologist Eighth Annual Report (1914–1915) 8: 195-321 [221-222] (description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy)

Duelli, P. 1978. An insect retina without microvilli in the male scale insect Eriococcus sp. (Eriococcidae, Homoptera). Cell and Tissue Research 187: 417-428 [417-427] (illustration, structure)

Dziedzicka, A. & Koteja, J. 1971. A revision of the species of the genus Rhizococcus Signoret (Homoptera, Coccoidea) occurring in Poland. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 16: 557-579 [558-560] (description, taxonomy)

Efimoff, A. 1937. List of Insect Pests in Spain and Portugal. Moscow : Central Laboratory of Plant Quarantine Admin. 110 pp. [13, 99] (taxonomy)

Ehrhorn, E.M. 1916. Contributions to the knowledge of the Dactylopiinae of Hawaii. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 3: 231-247 [235] (taxonomy)

Essig, E.O. 1931. A History of Entomology. New York : MacMillan 1029 pp. [294] (distribution, host)

Fernald, M.E. 1903. A catalogue of the Coccidae of the world. Bulletin of the Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College 88: 1-360 [70] (catalogue, taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1919. A contribution to the knowledge of the Coccidae of Southwestern United States. Stanford University Publications, University Series 1919: 1-68 [17] (taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1920. Notes on Coccidae – VI. (Hemiptera). The Canadian Entomologist 52: 61-65 [61] (taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1920. Scale insects of the Santa Cruz Peninsula. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences 1: 1-57 [14, 18, 22, 23] (taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1921. Notes on Coccidae – VII, VIII. (Hemiptera). The Canadian Entomologist 53: 57-61, 91-95 [60, 91] (taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1922. Notes on Coccidae – X. (Hemiptera). The Canadian Entomologist 54: 246-248 [246] (taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1937. Atlas of the scale insects of North America. Series 1. Palo Alto, California : Stanford University Press Vol. 1 136 pp. [5] (taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1941. Contributions to the knowledge of the Coccoidea (Homoptera). IX. (Contribution no. 24). A forgotten genus of the family Margarodidae from Baltic amber. Microentomology 6: 6-10 [6] (taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1955. Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America. v. 7. The Families Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Conchaspididae Dactylopiidae and Lacciferidae. (Part 3). Palo Alto, California : Stanford University Press Vol. 7(3) 233 pp. [94-94, 148] (taxonomy, misspelling of genus name as Anothococcus)

Ferris, G.F. 1957. A review of the family Eriococcidae (Insecta: Coccoidea). Microentomology 22: 81-89 [85] (distribution, taxonomy)

Ferris, G.F. 1957. Notes on some little known genera of the Coccoidea (Homoptera). Microentomology 22: 59-79 [66] (taxonomy)

Fleury, A.C. 1935. Report of insect and other animal and plant disease interceptions at California plant quarantine inspection points for 1934. Special Publication (Bureau of Plant Quarantine, State of California, Dept. of Agriculture) No. 134: 1-66 [8] (taxonomy)

Froggatt, W.W. 1900. Notes on Australian Coccidae (scale insects). I. Genus Eriococcus. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 11: 99-107 [99-100] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Froggatt, W.W. 1915. A descriptive catalogue of the scale insects ('Coccidae') of Australia. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 26: 411-423, 511-516, 603-615, 754-764, 1055-1064 [1058, 1063] (description, distribution, host, taxonomy)

Froggatt, W.W. 1916. A descriptive catalogue of the scale insects (Coccidae) of Australia. (Part II [in part]). Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 27: 425-430, 568-577, 809-816, 883-888 [425] (taxonomy)

Froggatt, W.W. 1921. A descriptive catalogue of the scale insects (Coccidae) of Australia. (Part II [Concl.]). Science Bulletin, Department of Agriculture, New South Wales 18: 1-159 [46, 63, 69, 71] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Fullaway, D.T. 1923. Notes on the mealy-bugs of economic importance in Hawaii. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 5: 305-321 [305] (taxonomy)

Fulmek, L. 1943. Wirtsindex der Aleyrodiden- und Cocciden- Parasiten. Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem 10: 1-100 [33, 72] (biological control, distribution)

Gerson, U. 1980. Wax filaments on coccoid eggs. Israel Journal of Entomology 14: 81-85 [83, 85] (illustration)

Ghani, M.A. & Muzaffar, N. (eds) 1974. Relation between the parasite-predator complex and the host-plants of scale insects in Pakistan. Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Miscellaneous Publications 5: 1-92 [10] (biological control, distribution, host)

Gill, R.J. 1982. Color-photo and host keys to the mealybugs of California. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Environmental Monitoring and Pest Management, Scale and Whitefly Keys 3: 1-6 [6] (distribution, host)

Gill, R.J. 1993. The Scale Insects of California: The Minor Families (Homoptera : Coccoidea). Sacramento, California : California Dept of Food & Agriculture Part 2. [155, 170] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Girault, A.A. 1913. A systematic monograph of the chalcidoid hymenoptera of the subfamily Signiphorinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 45: 189-233 [196, 208] (taxonomy)

Girault, A.A. 1939. Descriptions of some chalcid wasps. Queensland Naturalist 11: 14-23 [Date published 31/01/1939] [18] (biological control, distribution, host)

Gómez-Menor Ortega, J. 1937. Cóccidos de España. Madrid : Instituto de Investigaciones Agronómicas, Estación 432 pp. [322, 345, 357] (description, taxonomy)

Gómez-Menor Ortega, J. 1948. Adiciones a los Cóccidos de España (2a nota). Eos 24: 73-121 [97] (taxonomy)

Goux, L. 1946. Les affinités réelles des cochenilles du genre Kermococcus démontrées par l'étude du développement post-embryonnaire. Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle. Marseille 6: 98-101 [98-101] (taxonomy)

Goux, L. 1948. Les caractères spécifiques chez les Eriococcus et la signification des microfilières tubulaires (notes sur les coccides (Hem. Coccoidea) de la France (39me note).). Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Provence 16: 66-69 [67] (taxonomy)

Goux, L. 1989. Contribution à l'étude des Peliococcus de la faune française. II. Description de quatre espèces nouvelles (Homoptera, Pseudococcidae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie 6: 301-312 [19-20] (taxonomy)

Goux, L. 1990. [A study of the qualitative bonds during emergence of living beings using mealybugs as an example.] Contribution à l'étude de la genèse des bonds qualitatifs ou emergences chez les êtres vivants d'après l'exemple des cochenilles. Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Provence 41: 151-159 [154, 156, 157, 158] (structure)

Green, E.E. 1904. Descriptions of some new Victorian Coccidae. Victorian Naturalist 21: 65-69 [69] (taxonomy)

Green, E.E. 1917. Observations on British Coccidae: With descriptions of new species. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 53: 201-210, 260-269 [261] (distribution, host)

Green, E.E. 1922. A brief review of the indigenous Coccidae of the British Islands. Proceedings of the South London Entomological and Natural History Society [1922]: 12-25 [20] (description, taxonomy)

Green, E.E. 1922. The Coccidae of Ceylon. London : Dulau & Co. Vol. 5. [345-347, 364] (taxonomy)

Green, E.E. 1923. Observations on the Coccidae of the Madeira Islands. Bulletin of Entomological Research 14: 87-99 [20] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Green, E.E. 1928. A brief review of the indigenous Coccidae of the British Islands, with emendations and additions (to February, 1928). Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation 40: 1-14 [8-9] (description, taxonomy)

Gullan, P.J. & Cook, L.G. 2001. Are cochineal insects Eriococcids? Entomologica 33[1999]: 91-99 [92, 93, 95, 96] (taxonomy)

Hayward, K.J. 1941. Insectos de importancia económica en la región de Concordia (entre ríos). Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina 11: 68-109 [80-81] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Hempel, A. 1900. As coccidas Brasileiras. Revista do Museu Paulista 4: 365-537 [379] (taxonomy)

Hempel, A. 1920. Coccidas que infestam as nossas árvores fructíferas. Revista do Museu Paulista 12: 109-143 [115] (taxonomy)

Herting, B. & Simmonds, F.J. 1972. A catalogue of parasites and predators of terrestrial arthropods. U.K. : Farnham Roy. 210 pp. [132] (distribution, host)

Hodgson, C.J. & Miller, D.R. 2002. A new genus and two new species of felt scales (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from Chile, with comments on zoogeographical affinities between the eriococcid faunas of southern South America and New Zealand. Systematic Entomology 27(2): 191-209 [193] (taxonomy)

Hollinger, A.H. 1923. Scale insects of Missouri. Research Bulletin. Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station. Columbia 58: 1-71 [38, 65] (distribution, taxonomy)

Howard, L.O. 1898. On some new parasitic insects of the subfamily Encyrtinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 21: 231-248 [Date published 4/10/1898] [235] (biological control, distribution, host)

Hoy, J.M. 1949. Control of manuka by blight. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 79: 321-324 [321-322] (distribution, host)

Hoy, J.M. 1953. First record of the occurrence of Eriococcus leptospermi Mask. in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 1: 1 [1] (distribution, host)

Hoy, J.M. 1954. A new species of Eriococcus Targ. (Hemiptera, Coccidae) attacking Leptospermum in New Zealand. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 82: 465-474 [465, 472] (distribution, taxonomy)

Hoy, J.M. 1959. Species of Eriococcus Targ. (Homoptera, Coccoidea) associated with the genus Leptospermum Forst. in southeastern Australia and Tasmania. New Zealand Journal of Science 2: 1-34 [2] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Hoy, J.M. 1962. A new species of Eriococcus (Homoptera: Coccoidea) from Navarino Island, Tierra del Fuego. New Zealand Journal of Science 5: 510-512 [510, 512] (distribution, host)

Hoy, J.M. 1962. Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of New Zealand. Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 146: 1-219 [11-13, 22-23, 28-29, 20] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Hoy, J.M. 1963. A catalogue of the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of the world. Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 150: 1-260 [62-66, 127] (catalogue, distribution, host, taxonomy)

Huber, J.T. 1986. Systematics, biology, and hosts of the Mymaridae and Mymarommatidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera): 1758–1984. Entomography 4: 185-243 [222]

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1982. Opinion 1203. Eriococcidae Cockerell, 1899 conserved: type species designated for Eriococcus Targioni-Tozzetti, 1868 (Insecta, Homoptera). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39: 95-98 [95-98] (taxonomy)

Johansen, C. & Brannon, D. 1955. Insects and related pests of agriculture in Washington. Circular (Washington Agricultural Experiment Station) 274: 22 pp. [12] (distribution, host)

Kamijo, K. 1983. A revision of the genus Elatoides Nikol'skaya (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae), with description of a new species. Kontyû 51: 573-581 [578, 581] (biological control)

Kawecki, Z. 1957. Notes on scale insects (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 2: 193-204 [198] (taxonomy)

Kawecki, Z. 1985. Scale insects, Coccoidea. Catalogue of Polish Fauna, Polish Academy, Zoological Institute 21: 1-108 [27] (taxonomy)

Kazimi, S.K. & Ghani, M.A. 1964. A list of Coccoidea of Pakistan and their natural enemies. Technical Bulletin of the Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control 3: 31-39 [34] (distribution, host)

King, G.B. 1902. Two new ants'-nest coccids from Texas. The Canadian Entomologist 34: 285-286 [286] (taxonomy)

Kiritchenko, A.N. 1940. Third report on the coccid fauna of USSR. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, Akademiya Nauk SSSR 1940: 115-137 [125-126] (description, taxonomy)

Kirk, T.W. 1905. Division of Biology and Horticulture. Report, New Zealand Department of Agriculture 13: 313-436 [1-8] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Kirk, T.W. 1908. Appendix VI. Division of Biology and Horticulture. Report, New Zealand Department of Agriculture 16: 97-162 [118] (description, distribution)

Kirkaldy, G.W. 1902. Hemiptera. Fauna Hawaiiensis 3(2): 93-174 [102] (taxonomy)

Köhler, G. 1998. Eriococcidae. In, Kozár, F. (ed.). Catalogue of Palaearctic Coccoidea. Budapest, Hungary : Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences 526 pp. [371-372, 387-388, 389, 391] (catalogue, distribution, taxonomy)

Kosztarab, M. 1996. Scale insects of Northeastern North America. Identification, biology, and distribution. Martinsburg, Virginia : Virginia Museum of Natural History 650 pp. [225, 226, 227, 250, 2] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Kosztarab, M., Ben-Dov, Y. & Kosztarab, M. 1986. An annotated list of generic names of the scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea) Third Supplement. Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 86(2): 1-34 [21] (taxonomy)

Kosztarab, M. & Kozár, F. 1978. Scale insects – Coccoidea. Fauna Hungariae, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest 17: 1-192 [76] (description, taxonomy)

Kosztarab, M. & Kozár, F. 1988. Scale Insects of Central Europe. Budapest : Akadémiai Kiado 456 pp. [65, 67, 276-277, 287-29] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Koteja, J. 1964. Notes on scale insects (Homoptera, Coccoidea) in Poland's fauna. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 34: 177-184 [177] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. 1974. Comparative studies on the labium in the Coccinea (Homoptera). Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej we Warszawie, Rozprawy Naukowe 89: 1-162 [77] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. 1974. On the phylogeny and classification of the scale insects (Homoptera, Coccinea) (discussion based on the morphology of the mouthparts). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 19: 267-325 [275, 295, 296, 297] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. 1974. The occurrence of a campaniform sensillum on the tarsus in the Coccinea (Homoptera). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 44: 243-252 [248] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. 1980. Campaniform, basiconic, coeloconic, and intersegmental sensilla on the antennae in the Coccinea (Homoptera). Acta Biologica Cracoviensia 22: 73-88 [74] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. 1980. The genus Nidularia Targioni-Tozzetti, 1869 (Homoptera, Coccinea). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 83: 589-596 [589] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. 1986. [On the catalogue of coccids (Homoptera, Coccinea), its author and the Polish fauna.] O Katalogu czerwcow (Homoptera, Coccinea), jego Autorze i faunie Polski. Przeglad Zoologiczny 30(1): 21-36 [27, 28] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. & Liniowska, E. 1976. The clypeolabral shield in the taxonomy of the Coccinea (Homoptera). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 46: 653-681 [665] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B. 1972. Morphology and taxonomy of the male Kermes quercus (L.) (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 17: 193-215 [207] (taxonomy)

Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B. 1979. Five species of Pseudococcidae and Eriococcidae (Homoptera) new to the Polish fauna. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 49: 671-675 [674] (distribution)

Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B. 1981. Kaweckia gen. n. in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera, Coccoidea) and notes on related genera. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 25: 501-518 [501-518] (description, taxonomy)

Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B. 1983. [The Coccinea fauna (Homoptera) of the Krakow-Czestochowa upland (southern Poland).]. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 26: 465-490 [468] (taxonomy)

Kozár, F. & Walter, J. 1985. Check-list of the Palaearctic Coccoidea (Homoptera). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 46: 63-110 [73] (taxonomy)

Krauss, N.L.H. 1966. Biological control investigations on some Hawaiian weeds. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 19: 223-231 [227] (distribution)

Lawson, P.B. 1917. Scale insects injurious to fruit and shade trees. The Coccidae of Kansas. Bulletin of the University of Kansas. Biological Series 18: 161-279 [172] (description, taxonomy)

Leonardi, G. 1901. Insetti novici. Volume 4. Napoli, Italy : Marghieri 862 pp. [410, 416] (taxonomy)

Leonardi, G. 1911. Contributo alla conoscenza delle coccinglie della Repüblica Argentina. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria 'Filippo Silvestri', Portici 5: 237-284 [237] (taxonomy)

Leonardi, G. 1920. Monografia delle cocciniglie Italiane. Portici : Della Torre 555 pp. [426, 464] (description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy)

Lindinger, L. 1911. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Schildläuse und ihre Verbreitung II. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie 7: 9-12, 86-90, 126-130, 172-177 [358] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Lindinger, L. 1923. Einführung in die Kenntnis der deutschen Schildläuse. Entomologisches Jahrbuch 32: 138-152 [140, 142, 146] (taxonomy)

Lindinger, L. 1933. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Schildläuse (Hemipt. – Homopt., Coccid.). Entomologischer Anzeiger 13: 77-166 [78, 107-108] (taxonomy)

Lindinger, L. 1937. Verzeichnis der Schildläus-Gattungen. (Homoptera - Coccoidea Handlirsch, 1903). Entomologisches Jahrbuch 46: 178-198 [178, 184, 186] (taxonomy)

Lindinger, L. 1943. Die Schildlausnamen in Fulmeks Wirtindex 1943. Arbeiten über Morphologische und Taxonomische Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem 10: 145-152 [147] (taxonomy)

Lindinger, L. 1943. Verzeichnis der Schildlaus-Gattungen, 1. Nachtrag. (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Zeitschrift der Wiener Entomologischen Gesellschaft 28: 205-208, 217-224, 264-265 [206, 219] (taxonomy)

Lindinger, L. 1957. Ein weiterer Beitrag zur Synonymie der Cocciden. Beiträge zur Entomologie (Berlin) 7: 543-553 [543] (taxonomy)

Lobdell, G. H. 1929. Two new species of Eriococcus from Mississippi. (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 22: 762-767 [762] (taxonomy)

MacGillivray, A.D. 1921. The Coccidae. Tables for the identification of the subfamilies and some of the more important genera and species together with discussions of their anatomy and life history. Urbana, Illinois : Scarab Company vi 502 pp. [130, 131, 145] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Mamet, J.R. 1942. Pedronia strobilanthis Green redescribed (Homoptera, Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B: Taxonomy 11: 149-152 [152] (taxonomy)

Mamet, J.R. 1951. Notes on the Coccoidea of Madagascar, II. Mémoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar A 5: 213-254 [214, 220] (distribution, host)

Mamet, J.R. 1953. Remarques biogéographiques sur la faune coccidologique de Madagascar. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences of Mauritius 1: 249-252 [250] (taxonomy)

Mamet, J.R. 1954. A monograph of the Conchaspididae Green (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 105: 189-239 [193] (taxonomy)

Mamet, J.R. 1954. Notes on the Coccoidea of Madagascar, III. Mémoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar E 4: 1-86 [3, 8] (taxonomy)

Maskell, W.M. 1879. On some Coccidae in New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 11[1878]: 187-228 [217, 218] (description, taxonomy)

Maskell, W.M. 1880. Further notes on New Zealand Coccidae. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 12[1879]: 291-301 [298] (taxonomy)

Maskell, W.M. 1884. Art. V. – Further notes on Coccidae in New Zealand, with descriptions of new species. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 16: 120-144 [135] (taxonomy)

Maskell, W.M. 1887. An account of the insects noxious to agriculture and plants in New Zealand, the scale insects (Coccididae). Wellington : State Forests & Agricultural Department 116 pp. [92] (description)

Maskell, W.M. 1889. On some new South Australian Coccidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 11: 101-111 [dated 1888] [104] (description)

Maskell, W.M. 1890. Further notes on Coccidae, with descriptions of new species from Australia, Fiji, and New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 22: 133-156 [dated 1889] [145-7] (description, taxonomy)

Maskell, W.M. 1893. Further coccid notes: with descriptions of new species from Australia, India, Sandwich Islands, Demerara, and South Pacific. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 25: 201-252 [45, 227] (description, taxonomy)

Maskell, W.M. 1895. Synoptical list of Coccidae reported from Australasia and the Pacific Islands up to December 1894. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 27: 1-35 [21] (distribution)

Maskell, W.M. 1897. Further coccid notes: with descriptions of new species and discussions of points of interest. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 29: 293-331 [317] (taxonomy)

Matesova, G.I. 1960. [New species of soft scales family Pseudococcidae (Homoptera, Coccoidea) of the Kazakhstan fauna.]. Trudy Instituta Zoologii. Akademiya Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR 11: 205-217 [205] (misspelling of genus name as Greenica)

McDaniel, B. 1964. Key to Texas species of the genus Eriococcus and a description of a new species (Coccoidea, Eriococcidae). Texas Journal of Science 16: 101-106 [101-104] (distribution, taxonomy)

McKeown, K.C. 1945. Australian insects 23. Homoptera 4. – Snow-flies and scale insects. Australian Museum Magazine 8: 336-340 [338] (distribution)

Miller, D.R. 1991. Systematic analysis of Acanthococcus species (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) infesting Atriplex in western North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 93(2): 333-355 [334] (taxonomy)

Miller, D.R., Liu, T. & Howell, J.O. 1992. A new species of Acanthococcus (Homoptera; Coccoidea; Eriococcidae) from sundew (Drosera) with a key to the instars of Acanthococcus. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 94(4): 512-523 [512-523] (taxonomy)

Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1996. Nomenclatural changes in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 597-606 [605] (taxonomy, nomenclature)

Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1999. New combinations, new synonymy, and homonomy in the Eriococcidae, new homonomy and synonymy in the Cerococcidae, and transfer of Cancerococcus Koteja to the Margarodidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 101(1): 212-218 [215] (taxonomy)

Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 2000. A Systematic Catalogue of the Eriococcidae (Felt Scales) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the World. Andover, UK : Intercept Ltd 589 pp. [105-110] (catalogue, taxonomy)

Miller, D.R. & González, R.H. 1975. A taxonomic analysis of the Eriococcidae of Chile. Revista Chilena de Entomología 9: 131-163 [131] (description, taxonomy)

Miller, D.R. & Hodgson, C.J. 1997. 1.1.3.7 Phylogeny. In, Ben-Dov, Y. & Hodgson, C.J. (eds). Soft Scale Insects: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Amsterdam & New York : Elsevier Vol. 7A 452 pp. [239] (taxonomy)

Miller, D.R. & Miller, G.L. 1992. Systematic analysis of Acanthococcus (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) in the western United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 118(1): 1-106 [2] (description, taxonomy)

Miller, D.R. & Miller, G.L. 1993. Eriococcidae of the Eastern United States (Homoptera). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 27(4): 1-91 [6-7, 72] (description, taxonomy)

Miller, D.R. & Williams, D.J. 1976. Proposed conservation of the family-group name Eriococcidae Cockerell, 1899 (Insecta, Homoptera) and the designation of a type-species for Eriococcus Targioni-Tozzetti, 1868 under the plenary powers Z.N.(S.) 2140. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 33: 118-123 [118-123] (taxonomy)

Mitiaev, I.D. 1958. [Review of the Insects – Pests of Tamarix in Balkhash-Alakul'skoi Gap.]. Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Instituta Zoologicheskogo (Trudy) 8: 74-97 [79, 94] (misspelling of genus name as Acantococcus)

Mohammad, Z.K., Mohammad, S.K. & Mohammad, M.A. 1997. Taxonomic studies and survey of four families of Coccoidea (Homoptera) in Egypt. Journal of the Egyptian German Society of Zoology 22: 189-233 [203] (taxonomy)

Morley, C. 1910. On the Hymenopterous parasites of Coccidae. The Entomologist 43 (No. 563): 110-113 [112] (taxonomy)

Morrison, H. 1919. A report on collection of Coccidae from Argentina with descriptions of apparently new species (Hom.). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 21: 63-91 [68] (description, taxonomy)

Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1966. An annotated list of generic names of the scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Miscellaneous Publication United States Department of Agriculture 1015: 1-206 [1, 69, 85] (taxonomy)

Nair, R. Balakrishnan & Menon, R. 1963. Major and minor pests in the arecanut crop Areca catechu Linn. Arecanut Journal 14: 139-147 [139, 143, 145] (host, behaviour)

Nast, J., Chudzicka, E., Klimaszewski, S.M., Wojciechowski, W., Czylok & Koteja, J. 1990. Homoptera (In Polish; Summary In English). In, Razowski, J. (ed.) [Checklist of Animals of Poland.] Wykaz zwierzat Polski. Zaklad Narodowy im. Ossolinskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 158 pp. [120] (distribution, taxonomy)

Newstead, R. 1903. Monograph of the Coccidae of the British Isles. London : Ray Society Vol. 2 270 pp. [195-198] (description, taxonomy)

Nikolskaya, M. 1934. List of chalcid flies (Hym.) reared in U.S.S.R. Bulletin of Entomological Research 25: 129-143 [134] (biological control, host)

Nikolskaya, M.N. & Yasnosh, V.A. 1966. Aphelinidae of the European part of the USSR and Caucasus (Chalcidoidea, Aphelinidae). Akademii Nauk SSSR Zoologicheskogo Instituta Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 91: 1-295 [166, 226] (biological control)

Nonell Comas, D.J. 1935. Agricultural Phytopathology Station of Barcelona [Estación de Fitopatología Agrícola de Barcelona.]. Plagas del Campo, Memoria del Servicio Fitopatológico Agrícola (Madrid) 3: 281-287 [283] (distribution, host)

Nur, U. 1967. Chromosome systems in the Eriococcidae (Coccoidea Homoptera). II. Gossyparia spuria and Eriococcus araucariae. Chromosoma (Berlin) 22: 151-163 [151-163]

Oguma, K. 1919. A new scale-insect, Xylococcus alni, on alder, with special reference to its metamorphosis and anatomy. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University 8: 77-109 [97, 102] (taxonomy)

Otero, A.R. 1935. Insectos del Guayabo en Cuba. Circular (Estación Experimental Agronómica, Santiago de Las Vegas, Cuba) No. 78: 1-26 [24] (taxonomy)

Parrott, P.J. 1900. Studies of grass coccids, with description of new species. Bulletin of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station 98: 137-146 [135] (host, taxonomy)

Poole, R.W. & Gentili, P. (eds) 1997. Nomina Insecta Nearctica. A Check List of the Insects of North America. Volume 4: Non-Holometabolous Orders. Rockville, MD : Entomological Information Services 731 pp. [355] (distribution)

Popenoe, E.A. & Parrott, P.J. 1900. Scale-insects upon Kansas grasses. Bulletin of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station 98: 133-137 [135] (taxonomy)

Ramakrishna Ayyar, T.V. 1930. A contribution to our knowledge of South Indian Coccidae (Scales and Mealybugs). Bulletin of the Imperial Institute of Agricultural Research, Pusa, India 197: 1-73 [55] (distribution)

Raupp, M.J. & Denno, R.F. 1979. The influence of patch size on a guild of sap-feeding insects that inhabit the marsh grass Spartina patens. Environmental Entomology 8: 412-417 [413-414] (distribution, host)

Reyne, A. 1961. Scale insects from Dutch New Guinea. Beaufortia 8: 121-167 [127] (taxonomy)

Reyne, A. 1964. Scale insects from the Netherlands Antilles. Beaufortia 11: 95-130 [101] (taxonomy)

Riley, C.V. & Howard, L.O. 1889. A Rhizococcus on grass in Dakota. Insect Life (Washington DC) 1: 345, 385 [345] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Russell, L.M. & Stoetzel, M.B. 1991. Inquilines in egg nests of periodical cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 93(2): 480-488 [482] (biological control, illustration, host)

Sanders, J.G. 1904. The Coccidae of Ohio. Proceedings of the Ohio Academy of Science 4: 25-92 [30] (distribution, taxonomy)

Schmutterer, H. 1952. Die Ökologie der Cocciden (Homoptera, Coccoidea) Frankens. 2. Abschnitt. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 33: 369-420 & 544-584; 34: 65-100 [405-406, 413, 555] (taxonomy)

Schrader, F. 1929. Experimental and cytological investigations of the life cycle of Gossyparia spuria (Coccidae) and their bearing on the problem of haploidy in males. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 134: 149-179 [149-179] (taxonomy)

Schrader, F. 1931. The chromosome cycle of Protortonia primitiva (Coccidae) and a consideration of the meiotic division apparatus in the male. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 138: 386-408 [386, 400] (taxonomy)

Schrader, F. 1944. Mitosis. The movements of chromosomes in cell division. New York : Columbia Univ. Press. 110 pp. [18, 71] (taxonomy)

Sharipov, M. 1979. New species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) from Tadzhikistan. Entomological Review. Washington 58: 134-139 [135, 137, 138] (biological control, distribution)

Sharipov, M. 1979. New species of Encyrtids (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae) from Tajikistan. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (English translation as Entomological Reviews) 58: 388-393 [389, 391] (biological control, distribution)

Signoret, V. 1870. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 7e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 4 10: 267-286 [283] (taxonomy)

Signoret, V. 1872. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 8e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5 1: 421-434 [429] (taxonomy)

Signoret, V. 1875. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 14e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5 5: 15-40 [20, 29, 35-37] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Silva d'Araujo, G.A., Goncalves, C.R., Galvao, G.M. & Goncalves, D.M. 1968. Quarto catalogo dos insetos que vivem nas plantas do Brasil. Parte II. Insetos, hospedeiros e inimigos naturais. Rio de Janeiro : Ministerio da Cultura Vol. 1 622 pp. [159] (distribution, host)

Silvestri, F. 1939. Compendio di Entomologia Applicata. Parte speciale. Portici : Tipografia Bellavista 974 pp. [683, 684] (host, taxonomy)

Steinweden, J.B. 1929. Bases for the generic classification of the coccoid family Coccidae. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 22: 197-245 [198-199, 214, 219] (taxonomy)

Tachikawa, T. 1956. A supplement to Coccoidea collected in Oita Prefecture. New Entomologist. Ueda, Japan 5: 37-38 [38] (distribution)

Takahashi, R. 1957. A new species of Eriococcus from Japan (Coccoidea, Homoptera). Akitu 6: 6-7 [7] (distribution, host)

Tang, F.T. 1977. [The scale insects of horticulture and forest of China]. Liaoning, China : The Institute of Gardening Vol. 1 259 pp. [40, 41] (taxonomy)

Tang, F.T. & Hao, J. 1995. [The Margarodidae and others of China.]. Beijing, P. R. China : Chinese Agricultural Science Technology Press 738 pp. [448, 501, 596, 644] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Tang, F.T. & Li, J. 1988. [Observations on the Coccoidea of Inner Mongolia in China.]. Publication Place unknown : Inner Mongolia University Press 227 pp. [75] (taxonomy, pp. 72, 74 and 75 misspelling of genus name as Gossyparisa, and p. 211 as Gocssyparia)

Tao, C.C.C. 1978. Checklist and host plant index to scale insects of Taiwan, Republic of China. Journal of Agricultural Research China. Taiwan 27: 77-141 [108] (distribution, host)

Targioni Tozzetti, A. 1868. Introduzione alla seconda memoria per gli studi sulle cocciniglie, e catalogo dei generi e delle specie della famiglia dei coccidi. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali 11: 694-738 [726] (description)

Tereznikova, E.M. 1959. Study of trophic association of soft and armored scales (Homoptera, Coccoidea). In, [Unknown] (ed.). Problemi Entomologii na Ukraini. Kiev, RSR : Akad. Nauk Ukrain. [93] (taxonomy)

Tereznikova, E.M. 1977. [Two new species of Eriococcidae from the genus of Acanthococcus Sign. (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Eriococcidae).]. Akademii Nauk Ukrains'koi RSR Dopovidi Seriya B 6: 568-571 [570] (taxonomy)

Tereznikova, E.M. 1981. [Scale insects: Eriococcidae, Kermesidae and Coccidae.]. Fauna Ukraini. Akademiya Nauk Ukrainskoi RSR. Institut Zoologii. Kiev 20: 1-215 [13, 14, 48, 50] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Tereznikova, E.M. 1982. Identification book of Coccoidea as pests of crop and forest cultures in the Ukraine. Kiev : Naukova Dumka 75 pp., 38 figs. [34-35, 36, 37] (description, taxonomy)

Tillyard, R.J. 1926. Insects of Australia and New Zealand. Sydney, Australia : Angus and Robertson 560 pp. [174] (distribution, host)

Tranfaglia, A. 1981. [Studies on Homoptera, Coccoidea: 5. Morpho-systematic notes on some species of cochineals with descriptions of 3 new species of Pseudococcidae.]. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria 'Filippo Silvestri', Portici 38: 3-28 [18, 19] (distribution, host)

Tranfaglia, A., Pellizzari, G. & Marotta, S. 1985. [Records on Coccoidea of Italian fauna.] Reperti su coccoidea della fauna Italiana. Atti XIV Congresso Nazionale Italiano di Entomologia, Palermo, 1985. 119-126 pp. [123] (taxonomy)

Tranfaglia, A. & Esposito, A. 1985. Study on the Homoptera Coccoidea. VII. The Italian species of the genus Eriococcus Targioni-Tozzetti, 1869. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria 'Filippo Silvestri', Portici 42: 113-134 [113] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Tranfaglia, A. & Marotta, S. 1988. Primo contributo alla conoscenza della coccidofauna dell'Appennino Abruzzese. Atti XV Congresso Nazionale Italiano di Entomologia. L'Aquila 15: 609-616 [610] (taxonomy)

Vayssière, P. 1927. Sur quelques Coccidae [Hem.] de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 6: 107-111 [4] (distribution, host)

Waku, Y. & Foldi, I. 1984. The fine structure of insect glands secreting waxy substances. pp. 303-322 in King, R.C. & Akai, H. (eds). Insect Ultrastructure. New York : Plenum Press. [315, 318] (taxonomy)

Waku, Y. & Manabe, Y. 1981. Fine structure of the wax gland in a scale insect, Eriococcus lagerstraemiae Kuwana (Homoptera: Eriococcidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology (Tokyo) 16: 94-102 [101] (taxonomy)

Wang, T.C. 1974. [Two new species of Eriococcus (Homoptera: Coccoidea).]. Acta Entomologica Sinica 17: 332-337 [329] (taxonomy)

Wang, T.C. 1980. [Handbook for the determination of the common coccoids.]. Place of publication unknown : Chinese Academy of Sciences 252 pp. [114-115] (description, taxonomy)

Wang, T.C. 1982. [The scale insects of agriculture regions from China (Homoptera: Coccoidea).]. Peking, China : Agric. Publ. House 276 pp. [118, 141, 142] (taxonomy)

Wang, T.C. 2001. Fauna Sinica (Insecta Vol. 22: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae, Eriococcidae, Coccidae, Asterolecaniidae, Lecanodiaspididae, Cerococcidae, Aclerdidae). Beijing : Science Press 610 pp. [207-209, 224-225] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Wang, Z.Q. 1982. [Economic insect fauna of China (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae).]. Beijing, China : Science Press Vol. 24 119 pp. [20, 40-41] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Wille, J.E. 1937. [Report of the biological control of olive maggots in the Valle del Yauca and various pests in the Valle de Chanchamayo.] Informes sobre el control biológico de las queresas del Olivo en el Valle de Yauca y de diversas plagas en el Valle de Chanchamayo. Lima, Peru : Instit. de Altos Estudios Agricolas del Peru 16 pp. [7] (taxonomy)

Williams, D.J. 1969. The family-group names of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 23: 315-341 [325] (taxonomy)

Williams, D.J. 1973. Scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea) on macadamia. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 12: 81-91 [81] (taxonomy)

Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393 [347-393] (description, taxonomy)

Williams, D.J. 1991. Superfamily Coccoidea. pp. 457–464 in, Chapter 30. Hemiptera (Bugs, leafhoppers, cicadas, aphids, scale insects etc.). pp. 429-509 in CSIRO (ed.). The Insects of Australia. A textbook for students and research workers. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press Vol. 1 xiii 542 pp. [461] (taxonomy)

Williams, D.J. & Watson, G.W. 1990. The Scale Insects of the Tropical South Pacific Region. Pt. 3: The soft scales (Coccidae) and other families. London : CAB International Institute of Entomology 267 pp. [3, 5, 14, 45, 47-51] (description, taxonomy)

Wise, K.A.J. 1977. A synonymic checklist of the Hexapoda of the New Zealand sub-region. The smaller orders. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum. Auckland, New Zealand 11: 1-145 [96] (distribution, taxonomy)

Woodward, T.E., Evans, J.W. & Eastop, V.F. 1970. Hemiptera (Bugs, leafhoppers etc.). In, Mackerras, I.M. (ed.). The Insects of Australia: a textbook for students and research workers. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press 1029, 8 pls. [430] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Wray, D.L. 1967. Insects of North Carolina. Raleigh : N.C. Dept. Agr. Div. Ent. Vol. Suppl. 3 181 pp. [157] (distribution, host)

Xie, Y.P. 1998. [The Scale Insects of the Forest and Fruit Trees in Shanxi of China.]. Place of publication unknown : China Forestry Publishing House 147 pp. [93] (taxonomy)

Yang, P.L. 1982. [General classification of scale insects in China.]. Shanghai : Shanghai Science & Technology 425 pp. [100] (taxonomy)

Zahradník, J. 1959. Cervci – Coccinea. [Scale insects – Coccinea]. Bestimmungstabellen der Tschechoslowakischen Fauna 3: 527-552 [539, 540] (taxonomy)

Zahradník, J. 1972. Überfamilie Archaeococcoidea, Neococcoidea. In, Schwenk, W. (ed.). Die Forstschädlinge Europas. Hamburg-Berlin : Paul Parey. [401] (distribution, taxonomy)

Zimmerman, E.C. 1948. Homoptera: Sternorrhyncha. 268 in Zimmerman, E.C. (ed.). Insects of Hawaii. Honolulu : University of Hawaii Press Vol. 5 464 pp. [282] (distribution, taxonomy)

 

History of changes

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
05-Jun-2024	COCCOIDEA	11-Dec-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Vivian Sandoval (ABRS)
21-Nov-2012		08-Oct-2015	MODIFIED
29-Jun-2012		29-Jun-2012	MODIFIED
		12-Feb-2010	(import)