Genus Eriococcus Targioni Tozzetti, 1868

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Regional Maps

• Eriococcus Targioni Tozzetti, A. 1868. Introduzione alla seconda memoria per gli studi sulle cocciniglie, e catalogo dei generi e delle specie della famiglia dei coccidi. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali 11: 694-738 [726].

  Type species:

   Coccus buxi Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1834 by subsequent designation, see International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1982. Opinion 1203. Eriococcidae Cockerell, 1899 conserved: type species designated for Eriococcus Targioni-Tozzetti, 1868 (Insecta, Homoptera). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 39: 95-98 [95] (Opinion, 1203) (The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature ruled that the type species of Eriococcus be C. buxi in Opinion 1203. A detailed history of the genus and its various possible type species was presented by (Miller, D.R. & Williams, D.J., 1976)).
• Acanthococcus Signoret, V. 1875. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 14e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5 5: 15-40 [16] [Evidence suggests that the large tubular ducts on a limited number of species of Eriococcus sensu strictus are insufficient to characterize a separate genus. Because of this, the genus Acanthococcus must be considered a junior subjective synonym of Eriococcus. Acanthococcus Kiritchenko 1936 is a junior homonym of Acanthococcus Signoret 1875b and is currently placed in the Pseudococcidae with the replacement name Spinococcus Borchsenius].

  Type species:

   Acanthococcus aceris Signoret, 1875 by monotypy.
• Gossyparia Signoret, V. 1875. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 14e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5 5: 15-40 [20] [the unique distribution of the dorsal macrotubular ducts is not considered sufficient to treat Gossyparia as distinct from Eriococcus. This agrees with the concept of and Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 51: 347–393].

  Type species:

   Coccus ulmi Linnaeus, 1758 by original designation.

  Secondary source:

   Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393.
• Rhizococcus Signoret, V. 1875. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 14e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 5 5: 15-40 [16] [synonymy of this genus was a subjective decision. Some have treated it as valid (e.g. Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. On the revision of the genus Eriococcus Sign. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR. Moscow ns 60: 501–503) while others have treated it as a junior synonym (e.g. Hoy, J.M. 1963. A catalogue of the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of the world. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 150: 1–260)].

  Type species:

   Rhizococcus gnidii Signoret, 1875 by monotypy.

  Secondary source:

   Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. On the revision of the genus Eriococcus Sign. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR ns 60: 501-503; Hoy, J.M. 1963. A catalogue of the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of the world. Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 150: 1-260.
• Uhleria Cooke, M. 1881. Scale insects injurious to fruit and other trees. pp. 28-47 in Cooke, M. (ed.). A treatise on the insects injurious to fruit and fruit trees of the state of California and remedies recommended for their extermination. Sacramento, California : State Office. [41] [this name was first used by Cooke, M. 1881. Scale insects injurious to fruit and other trees. pp. 28–47 in Cooke, M. (ed). A treatise on the insects injurious to fruit and fruit trees of the state of California and remedies recommended for their extermination. Sacramento, California : State Office in the combination "Uhleria araucariae, Comstock." This is the first use of the generic name Uhleria and therefore must be attributed to Cooke. Apparently, Cooke was in contact with Comstock, but Comstock changed his mind about the use of Uhleria and treated it as a senior synonym of the armored scale genus Fiorinia . Comstock, J.H. 1883. Second report on scale insects, including a monograph of the sub-family Diaspidinae of the family Coccidae and a list, with notes of the other species of scale insects found in North America. Department of Entomology Report, Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station 2: 47–142 presented an invalid nomenclatural scenario making Uhleria a valid armored scale name and included three species currently considered to be in the genus Fiorinia. Thus, Comstock's description of Uhleria is a junior homonymn of Uhleria Cooke. Uhleria Cooke is here considered a junior subjective synonym of Eriococcus. Even though there was no formal description of a generic name, according to Article 12(b)(6) of the ICZN, Uhleria was validly described by Cooke by indication].

  Type species:

   Eriococcus araucariae Maskell, 1879 by monotypy.

  Secondary source:

   Cooke, M. 1881. Scale insects injurious to fruit and other trees. pp. 28-47 in Cooke, M. (ed.). A treatise on the insects injurious to fruit and fruit trees of the state of California and remedies recommended for their extermination. Sacramento, California : State Office.; Comstock, J.H. 1883. Second report on scale insects, including a monograph of the sub-family Diaspidinae of the family Coccidae and a list, with notes of the other species of scale insects found in North America. Cornell University Agricultural Experimental Station, Department of Entomology Report 2: 47-142.
• Thekes Maskell, W.M. 1892. Further coccid notes: with descriptions of new species, and remarks on coccids from New Zealand, Australia and elsewhere. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 24: 1-64 [dated 1891] [28] [Thekes was a manuscript name of Crawford, used in print by Maskell in 1892. Cockerell, T.D.A. 1897. Contributions to Coccidology. – II. American Naturalist 31: 588–592 placed it as a subgeneric name in Eriococcus, but Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1922. A redescription of the type species of the genera of Coccidae based on species originally described by Maskell. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 60: 1–120 doubted this placement. Thekes was placed definitely as a synonym of Eriococcus by and Ferris, G.F. 1957. A review of the family Eriococcidae (Insecta: Coccoidea). Microentomology 22: 81–89].

  Type species:

   Acanthococcus multispinus Maskell, 1879 by original designation.

  Secondary source:

   Cockerell, T.D.A. 1897. Contributions to Coccidology. – II. American Naturalist 31: 588-592; Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1922. A redescription of the type species of the genera of Coccidae based on species originally described by Maskell. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 60: 1-120; Ferris, G.F. 1957. A review of the family Eriococcidae (Insecta: Coccoidea). Microentomology 22: 81-89.
• Greenisca Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. On the revision of the genus Eriococcus Sign. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR ns 60: 501-503 [502].

  Type species:

   Anophococcus gouxii Balachowsky, 1954 by original designation (According to (Williams, D.J., 1985) "there are some nomenclatural problems concerning the type species." According to (Danzig, E.M., 1962) the species on which Borchsenius (1948) based Greenisca was not E. inermis Green but another species, which (Danzig, E.M. [Dantsig], 1980) stated, was later described as Anophococcus gouxii Balachowsky; the type species, therefore, of Greenisca should be either A. gouxii Balachowsky, 1954 or = E. inermis Green, 1915. Article 70 of the International Code on Zoological Nomenclature states that "if a zoologist considers that a type-species designated for a new genus has been misidentified, then that person should refer the case to the Commission to designate as the type-species whichever species will in its judgement best serve stability and uniformity of nomenclature..." A petition has not been submitted to the Commission. Furthermore, the anal lobes of G. gouxii illustrated by (Danzig, E.M., 1980) have three enlarged setae but the same species illustrated by (Balachowsky, A.S., 1954) has the outer seta much reduced in size. E. inermis has a minute outer seta on the anal lobes, frontal tubercules and microducts without a bifid orifice. This problem remains to be resolved.).
• Anophococcus Balachowsky, A.S. 1954. Sur une nouvelle espèce d'Eriococcini de la forêt de Fontainebleau avec création d'un genre nouveau. [Hom. Coccoidea.]. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 59: 61-64 [61] [synonymy of this genus was a subjective decision. Some have treated it as valid (e.g. Kosztarab, M. & Kozár, F. 1988. Scale Insects of Central Europe. Budapest : Akadémiai Kiado 456 pp.) while others (e.g. Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 51: 347–393) have treated it as a junior subjective synonym of Eriococcus].

  Type species:

   Eriococcus inermis Green, 1915 by original designation.

  Secondary source:

   Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393; Kosztarab, M. & Kozár, F. 1988. Scale Insects of Central Europe. Budapest : Akadémiai Kiado 456 pp.
• Gregoporia Danzig, E.M. 1979. A new distinct genus of Eriococcid (Homoptera, Coccoideae, Eriococcidae) from European USSR. In New Species of Insects. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva 61: 46-47 [46] [the diagnostic characters of Gregoporia of 8-segmented antennae and dorsal quinquelocular pores are within the range of variation expected within Eriococcus, see Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1996. Nomenclatural changes in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 597–606].

  Type species:

   Gregoporia distincta Danzig, 1979 (=Gregoporia rosacea (Balachowsky, 1932)) by monotypy.

  Secondary source:

   Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1996. Nomenclatural changes in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 597-606.
• Kaweckia Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B. 1981. Kaweckia gen. n. in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera, Coccoidea) and notes on related genera. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 25: 501-518 [501] [this genus is characterized by having dorsal cruciform pores, disc pores, and enlarged setae that are restricted to the margins of the posterior abdominal segments. "At present there seems to be little justification for accepting this genus and it is here regarded as a component of Eriococcus", see Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 51: 347–393].

  Type species:

   Eriococcus glyceriae Green, 1921 by original designation.

  Secondary source:

   Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393.
• Neokaweckia Tang, F.T. & Hao, J. 1995. [The Margarodidae and others of China.]. Beijing, P. R. China : Chinese Agricultural Science Technology Press 738 pp. [596] [this genus is characterized as having dorsal cruciform pores, truncate body setae that occur on the last few abdominal segments, and a small anal ring. These characters are within the range of expected variation in the genus Eriococcus.].

  Type species:

   Greenisca rubra Matesova, 1960 by monotypy.
• Gossyperia Kuwana, S.I. 1907. Coccidae of Japan, I. A synoptical list of Coccidae of Japan with descriptions of thirteen new species. Bulletin of the Imperial Central Agricultural Experiment Station, Japan 1: 177-212 [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].
• Criococcus Rutherford, A. 1915. Notes on Ceylon Coccidae. Spolia Zeylanica 10: 103-115 [110] [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].
• Gassyparia Balachowsky, A.S. 1927. Contribution à l'étude des coccides de l'Afrique mineure (1re note). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 96: 175-207 [189] [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].
• Gossiparia Chorley, J.K. 1939. Report of the Division of Entomology for the year ending 31st December, 1938. Rhodesia Agricultural Journal 36(8): 598-622 [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].
• Priococcus Fulmek, L. 1943. Wirtsindex der Aleyrodiden- und Cocciden- Parasiten. Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem 10: 1-100 [32, 60] [incorrect subsequent spelling; name not available].

 

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Ferris, G.F. 1955. Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America. v. 7. The Families Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Conchaspididae Dactylopiidae and Lacciferidae. (Part 3). Palo Alto, California : Stanford University Press Vol. 7(3) 233 pp. [94] (synonymy of Thekes Maskell, 1892; synonymy of Gossyparia Signoret, 1875; synonymy of Acanthococcus Signoret, 1875; synonymy of Rhizococcus Signoret, 1875)
• Hoy, J.M. 1962. Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of New Zealand. Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 146: 1-219 [132] (synonymy of Anophococcus Balachowsky, 1954)
• Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1966. An annotated list of generic names of the scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Miscellaneous Publication United States Department of Agriculture 1015: 1-206 [200] (synonymy of Uhleria Cooke, 1881)
• Williams, D.J. 1985. The British and some other European Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 51: 347-393 [356] (synonymy of Greenisca Borchsenius, 1948; p. 357 synonymy of Kaweckia Koteja & Zak-Ogaza, 1981)
• Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1996. Nomenclatural changes in the Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 597-606 [605] (synonymy of Neokaweckia Tang & Hao, 1995—cited in ScaleNet as ref code 'MillerGi1998' but no reference found; alternative reference may be Miller, D.R. & Gimpel, M.E. 1999. New combinations, new synonymy, and homonomy in the Eriococcidae, new homonomy and synonymy in the Cerococcidae, and transfer of Cancerococcus Koteja to the Margarodidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 101(1): 212–218; synonymy of Gregoporia Danzig, 1979)

 

ID Keys

(Hodgson, C.J. & Miller, D.R., 2002) [193] (female; key to adult females of genera and species of Eriococcidae known from Chile); (Kosztarab, M., 1996) [227] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species of northeastern North America); (Tang, F.T. & Hao, J., 1995) [642] (female; as Gossyparia, Greenisca, Neokaweckia, Kaweckia, Rhizococcus; key to genera of Eriococcina); (Gill, R.J., 1993) [156] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species of California); (Miller, D.R. & Miller, G.L., 1993) [7] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species of the Eastern United States); (Miller, D.R. & Miller, G.L., 1992) [3] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus sp. of the Western United States); (Miller, D.R., Liu, T. & Howell, J.O., 1992) [514] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Instars of Acanthococcus and most Eriococcidae); (Gullan, P.J. & Vranjic, J.A., 1991) [26] (female; key to adult females of gum-tree eriococcids); (Miller, D.R., 1991) [334] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species that infest Atriplex sp.); (Kosztarab, M. & Kozár, F., 1988) [277, 292, 299] (adult female; as Rhizococcus, Kaweckia, Greenisca; Acanthococcus species of central Europe); (Danzig, E.M., 1986) [238] (female; as Acanthococcus, Greenisca; key to Eriococcidae genera of the far-eastern USSR); (Williams, D.J., 1985) [352] (adult female; key to genera of British Eriococcidae); (Tereznikova, E.M., 1982) [35] (adult female; key to genera of the Ukraine); (Wang, L.Y., 1982) [41] (adult female; key to Chinese species); (Wang, Z.Q., 1982) [41] (adult female; Eriococcus species of China); (Koteja, J. & Zak-Ogaza, B., 1981) [509] (adult female; as Greenisca; key to Greenisca species); (Tereznikova, E.M., 1981) [14, 52] (adult female; as Acanthococcus and Greenisca; key to species of the Ukraine); (Danzig, E.M. [Dantsig], 1980) [205] (adult female; as Acanthococcus, Greenisca; species and subspecies of the far eastern USSR); (Wang, T.C., 1980) [115] (adult female; Eriococcus species); (Paik, W.H. (ed.), 1978) [164-165] (female; Eriococcus species in Korea); (Danzig, E.M., 1975) [42] (adult female; as Acanthococcus; Acanthococcus species of the far eastern USSR); (Miller, D.R. & González, R.H., 1975) [138] (adult female; key to the Chilean genera of the Eriococcidae); (Baker, W.L., 1972) [93] (female; Field key to the genera of scale insects based principally on host plants); (Danzig, E.M., 1971) [820] (female; key to genera of Eriococcidae); (Borchsenius, N.S. & Danzig, E.M., 1966) [42] (adult female; as Greenisca; Greenisca species in the USSR); (McDaniel, B., 1964) [102] (adult female; Eriococcus species of Texas); (Danzig, E.M., 1962) [840, 859] (adult female; as Rhizococcus; Rhizococcus species of the USSR); (Ferris, G.F., 1955) [95] (adult female; North American species of Eriococcus); (Borchsenius, N.S., 1949) [321-322] (female; as Gossyparia, Acanthococcus, Rhizococcus, Greenisca; key to Eriococcinae genera of the USSR)

 

SYSTEMATICS

Slide-mounted adult female with: well-developed legs and antennae; protruding anal lobes, usually with 3 or 4 enlarged setae; microtubular ducts; macrotubular ducts on dorsum and venter; enlarged setae at least on part of body margin, often covering dorsum and lateral areas of venter (Ferris, G.F. 1955. Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America, v. 7, the Families Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Conchaspididae Dactylopiidae and Lacciferidae. iii. Palo Alto, California : Stanford University Press 233 pp.); cruciform pores (Miller, D.R. & McKenzie, H.L. 1967. A systematic study of Ovaticoccus Kloet and its relatives, with a key to North American genera of Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae). Hilgardia 38: 471–539). The status of various generic synonyms of Eriococcus is highly controversial and is treated differently by most coccidologists. We have taken the conservative view of treating most of these genera as synonyms of Eriococcus. A detailed phylogentic analysis needs to be undertaken to resolve this problem. Lindinger, L. 1933. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Schildläuse (Hemipt. – Homopt., Coccid.). Entomologischer Anzeiger 13: 77–166 erroneously considered Nidularia to be the senior synonym of Eriococcus. For discussion of this issue see the notes of Nidularia.

 

General References

Afifi, S. 1968. Morphology and taxonomy of the adult males of the families Pseudococcidae and Eriococcidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). British Museum (Natural History), 2nd Report on Economic Zoology 13: 3-210 [8] (taxonomy)

Ahmad, R. & Ghani, M.A. 1972. Coccoidea and their natural enemy complexes in Pakistan. Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control, Technical Bulletin 15: 59-104 [64] (distribution)

Ali, S.M. 1970. A catalogue of the Oriental Coccoidea. (Part IV) (Insecta: Homoptera: Coccoidea). Indian Museum Bulletin 5: 71-150 [75-76] (taxonomy)

Alimdzhanov, R.A. & Bronshtein, T.G. 1956. Coccoidea. In: Invertebrate animals of the Zeravshan Basin. Tashkent : Akad. Nauk Uzbek. 348 pp. [149] (distribution, host)

Archangelskaya, A.D. 1937. The Coccidae of Middle Asia. Izdatelstvo Komiteta Nauk UZSSR, Tashkent [1937]: 158 pp. [26-27, 128] (distribution, taxonomy)

Arnett, R.H. 1985. American insects: a handbook of the insects of America north of Mexico. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. 850 pp. [239] (distribution, taxonomy)

Ashmead, W.H. 1900. On the genera of chalcid-flies belonging to the subfamily Encyrtinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 22: 323-412 [Date published 5/06/1900] [411] (biological control)

Bajoi, A.H. 1983. Bionomics and control of coccids in Baluchistan. Pakistan : Agricultural Research Institute, Entomology Section, Sariab Quetta 21 pp. [9] (distribution, host)

Baker, W.L. 1972. Eastern forest insects. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Miscellaneous Publications 1175: 1-642 [93] (host, taxonomy)

Balachowsky, A.S. 1942. Essai sur la classification des cochenilles (Homoptera – Coccoidea). Annales de l'École Nationale d'Agriculture de Grignon 3: 34-48 [42] (taxonomy)

Balachowsky, A.S. 1948. Les cochenilles de France, d'Europe, du nord de l'Afrique et du bassin Méditerranéen. IV. Monographie des Coccoidea, classification – Diaspidinae (première partie). Actualités Scientifiques et Industrielles 1054: 243-394 [254] (taxonomy)

Balachowsky, A.S. 1954. Sur une nouvelle espèce d'Eriococcini de la forêt de Fontainebleau avec création d'un genre nouveau. [Hom. Coccoidea.]. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 59: 61-64 [61] (description, taxonomy)

Ballou, C.H. 1926. Los cóccidos de Cuba y sus plantas hospederas. Boletín Estación Experimental Agronómica, Santiago de Las Vegas, Cuba 51: 1-47 [45] (distribution, host)

Bartlett, B.R. 1978. Coccidae. In, Clausen, C.P. (ed.). Introduced Parasites and Predators of Arthropod Pests and Weeds: a World Review. Washington, D.C. : Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture 545 pp. [153] (biological control)

Bazarov, B.B. 1962. On the question of the origin of the coccid fauna (Homoptera Coccoidea) of the Gissar Valley and Ridge. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoi SSR. Otdelenie Biologicheskikh Nauk 4: 60-64 [53] (distribution, host)

Beardsley, J.W. 1984. Gall-forming Coccoidea. In, Ananthakrishnan, T.N. (ed.). Biology of Gall Insects. New Delhi : Oxford & IBH. Publ. Co. 400 pp. [84, 85] (taxonomy)

Berry, J.A. 1995. Moranilini (Insecta: Hymenoptera). In, [Unknown] (ed.). No. 33, Fauna of New Zealand/Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa. Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand : Manaaki Whenua Press 82 pp. [9] (biological control, distribution, host)

Betrem, J.G. 1937. Morphology and systematics of some of the principal mealy bug species of Java. (Hom. Cocc.). Archief voor de Koffiecultuur in Nederland Indie 11: 1-118 [20, 24, 25, 99, 100] (distribution, taxonomy)

Blanchard, E.E. 1940. Apuntes sobre encirtidos Argentinos. Anales de la Sociedad Científica Argentina 130: 106-128 [110, 118] (biological control)

Blanchard, R. 1883. [Useful coccids.] Les coccides utiles. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 8: 217-328 [281-282] (taxonomy)

Bodenheimer, F.S. 1924. The Coccidae of Palestine. First report on this family. Zionist Organization Institute of Agriculture and Natural History, Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 1: 1-100 [19] (taxonomy)

Bodenheimer, F.S. 1944. Note on the Coccoidea of Iran, with description of new species. Bulletin de la Société Fouad 1er d'Entomologie 28: 85-100 [93] (taxonomy)

Bodenheimer, F.S. 1953. The Coccoidea of Turkey. III. Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Istanbul B 18: 91-164 [117] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Boratynski, K.L. 1958. A note on Ovaticoccus agavium (Douglas) (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) and on the genus Ovaticoccus generally. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London A: General Entomology 27: 173-182 [175] (taxonomy)

Boratynski, K.L. 1962. A new species of Acanthococcus Signoret, 1875 (Eriococcidae, Coccoidea, Homoptera) from Britain. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B: Taxonomy 31: 55-60 [55] (description, taxonomy)

Boratynski, K.L. & Williams, D.J. 1964. A note on some British Coccoidea, with new additions to the British Fauna. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B: Taxonomy 33: 103-110 [108] (taxonomy)

Boratynski, K.L. & Williams, D.J. 1964. Coccoidea. pp. 87-94 in Kloet, G.S. & Hinks, W.D (eds). Checklist of British Insects. London : Handbk. Ident. British Insects Vol. 11. [91] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1937. Coccidae of Quarantine Value for U.S.S.R. and their Allied Species. Tbilisi, Georgia : Plant Quar. Sta. 272 pp. 72 pls. [19, 154] (distribution, host, taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1937. Tables for the identification of coccids (Coccidae) injurious to cultivated plants and forests in the USSR. Leningrad : Quarantine Regional Inspection 148 pp. [40, 59] (distribution, taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. On the revision of the genus Eriococcus Sign. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR ns 60: 501-503 [501-502] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1948. Toward a revision of the genus Phenacoccus Ckll. (Insecta, Homoptera, Coccoidea). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 61: 953-956 [953, 956] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1949. Insects Homoptera. suborders mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Family mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). Vol. VII. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR 38: 1-382 [22-26, 32-44, 321-327] (description, distribution, taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1956. Notes on the Coccoidea of Korea. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (English translation as Entomological Reviews) 35: 671-679 [677] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1957. Subtribe mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Soft scale insects Coccidae. Vol. IX. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR ns 66: 1-493 [311] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1958. On the evolution and phylogenetic interrelations of the Coccoidea (Insecta Homoptera). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 37: 765-780 [766, 773] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. 1960. Coccid fauna of China. 9. New soft scales of the families Margarodidae, Eriococcidae and Pseudococcidae (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie (English translation as Entomological Reviews) 39: 914-938 [920] (taxonomy)

Borchsenius, N.S. & Danzig, E.M. 1966. A new species of Greenisca Borchs. (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) from the USSR In Bykhovskii, B.E., New Species of Insects of the Fauna of the USSR and Adjacent Countries. Trudy Akademii Nauk SSR Zoologicheskogo Instituta. St. Petersburg 37: 41-44 [41] (description, taxonomy)

Brain, C.K. 1915. The Coccidae of South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 5: 65-194 [79, 85, 146] (description, taxonomy)

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History of changes

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
21-Nov-2012		08-Oct-2015	MODIFIED
29-Jun-2012		29-Jun-2012	MODIFIED
		12-Feb-2010	(import)