Subgenus Empoascanara (Empoascanara) Distant, 1918
Compiler and date details
13 March 2012 - Murray J. Fletcher
- Empoascanara Distant, W.L. 1918. Rhynchota. Homoptera: Appendix. Heteroptera: Addenda. The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma 7(i-viii): 1-210 [94].
Type species:
Empoascanara prima Distant, 1918 by original designation. - Ratbura Mahmood, S.H. 1967. A study of the typhlocybine genera of the Oriental region. (Thailand, the Philippines and adjoining areas). Pacific Insects Monographs 12: 1-52 [17].
Type species:
Empoasca nagpurensis Distant, 1918 by original designation. - Indoformosa Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [198].
Type species:
Zygina indica Datta, 1969 by original designation. - Westindica Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [199] [first introduced as a subgenus of Indoformosa Ramakrishnan & Ghauri, 1979].
Type species:
Empoascanara stilleri Dworakowska, 1978 by original designation. - Pantanarendra Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [199].
Type species:
Zygina fumigata sonani Matsumura, 1931 by original designation. - Swarajnara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [200].
Type species:
Ratbura unipunctata Mahmood, 1967 by original designation. - Pradhanasundra Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [201].
Type species:
Empoascanara capreola Dworakowska, 1978 by original designation. - Subbanara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [201].
Type species:
Empoascanara linnavuorii Dworakowska, 1972 by original designation. - Irenara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [204].
Type species:
Thamnotettix limbata Matsumura, 1907 by original designation. - Manzoonara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [205].
Type species:
Erythroneura hazarensis Ahmed, 1970 by original designation. - Sohinara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [205].
Type species:
Empoascanara falcata Dworakowska, 1971 by original designation. - Afroindica Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [207].
Type species:
Empoascanara tagabica Dworakoswka & Trolle, 1976 by original designation. - Sawainara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [208].
Type species:
Empoascanara lutea Dworakowska, 1977 by original designation. - Ishiharanara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [208] [first introduced as a subgenus of Sawainara Ramakrishnan & Ghauri, 1979].
Type species:
Empoascanara wasata Dworakowska, 1978 by original designation. - Sayara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [209] [first introduced as a subgenus of Sawainara Ramakrishnan & Ghauri, 1979].
Type species:
Empoascanara mana Dworakowska & Pawar, 1974 by original designation. - Webbanara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [210].
Type species:
Typhlocyba fumigata Melichar, 1903 by original designation. - Vietnara Ramakrishnan, U. & Ghauri, M.S.K. 1979. New genera of the Empoascanara complex (Homoptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 17(24): 193-213 [210].
Type species:
Typhlocyba maculifrons Motschulsky, 1863 by original designation.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Dworakowska, I. 1980. Contribution to the taxonomy of the Genus Empoascanara Dist. (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Reichenbachia 18(27): 189-197 [195] (synonymy of all genera erected by Ramakrishnan & Ghauri (1979); also Ratbura Mahmood)
Introduction
Dworakowska (1992) reviewed the genus Empoascanara and recognised 8 "clusters" of species within the subgenus Empoascanara based on the structures of the male genitalia. She allocated the two described Australian species to different groups, E. peregrina Dworakowska to the prima group and E. australensis Dworakowska to the limbata group. A publication describing the 28 undescribed Australian species is in preparation and an analysis of their placement within these groups may reveal some evolutionary trends within the subgenus. The distribution given here includes the undescribed species.
Distribution
States
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia
IBRA
NSW, NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Jarrah Forest (JF), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NT, Qld, WA: Pine Creek (PCK)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Diagnosis
Vertex of head in length more than half the breadth between eyes, subconically produced anteriorly; face elongate, prominently obliquely narrowed to clypeus, its greatest breadth between eyes more than half its length; pronotum longer than either vertex of head or scutellum, anterior margin moderately convex between eyes, posterior margin truncate; scutellum subtriangular; tegmina more than three times as long as broad, three long apical cells and a somewhat large and prominent subbasal costal cell; posterior tibiae with long, dense spinules (Distant 1918).
Vertex rounded, especially in male, or slightly produced in the middle, always longer than half length of pronotum. Head with eyes equally broad as pronotum. Transition vertex to face rounded. Face quite broad in lower part, lateral frontal sutures strongly convergent (incised) in the middle of their length. Forewing with claval veins hardly visible and 4th apical cell well separated. Hindwing rounded at apex, without submarginal vein there. Male genitalia: pygophore lobe rather short. Pygophore appendage variously shaped but its base broadened and attached to a large area on inner surface of the lobe. In some cases there is a lower pygophore process and in some species there is a distinct additional lobe at hind lower angle. Subgenital plate quite broad apically, pigmented or light. The basal group contains several peg-like setae usually situated on a protruding lobe and this way better distinguishable from other marginal microsetae, becoming smaller and thinner apicad. Marginal plica very well developed and often provided with well pigmented serrated protrusion. Paramere with variously shaped apical part and narrowing lower part. Connective with very well developed central lobe. Penis attached to upper margin of manubrium (Dworakowska 1978).
Diagnosis References
Dworakowska, I. 1978. On the genera Empoascanara Dist. and Seriana Dwor. (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae). Bulletin de l'Académie Polonaise des Sciences. Série des Sciences Biologiques II 26(3): 151–160 [152–154]
General References
Dworakowska, I. 1992. Review of the genus Empoascanara Dist. (Insecta, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae). Entomologische Abhandlungen. Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Dresden 54(5): 105–120
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13-Mar-2012 | ADDED |