Genus Dysidea Johnston, 1842

Museums

Regional Maps

• Dysidea Johnston, G. 1842. A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. Edinburgh : W.H. Lizars pp. i-xii, 1-264, pls I-XXV. [251] [with incorrect original and subsequent spellings, see Burton, M. 1934. Sponges. Science Reports of the Geat Barrier Reef Expedition 4: 513–621 pls 1–2 (582) and Bergquist, P.R. 1980. A revision of the supraspecific classification of the orders Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida and Verongida (Class Demospongiae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 443–503 figs 1–25 pls (480)].

  Type species:

   Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1818 by subsequent designation, see Bowerbank, J.S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. London : Ray Society Vol. 2 388 pp. [16].
• Spongelia Schmidt, E.O. 1862. Die Spongien des Adriatischen Meeres. Leipzig : Engelmann 88 pp. 7 pls. [28].

  Type species:

   Spongelia elegans Schmidt, 1862 by subsequent designation, see Burton, M. 1934. Sponges. Scientific Reports of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-1929 4: 513-621 pls 1-2 [583].
• Aulena Lendenfeld, R. von 1885. A monograph of the Australian sponges. Part 5. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 10: 282-325 pls 26-35 [308] [not Aulena sensu Lendenfeld, 1889 p. 90 (=Echinoclathria Carter, 1885)].

  Type species:

   Aulena villosa Lendenfeld, 1885 by original designation.
• Halmopsis Lendenfeld, R. von 1885. A monograph of the Australian sponges. Part 5. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 10: 282-325 pls 26-35 [320].

  Type species:

   Halmopsis australis Lendenfeld, 1885 by monotypy.
• Haastia Lendenfeld, R. von 1888. Descriptive Catalogue of the Sponges in the Australian Museum, Sydney. London : Taylor & Francis 260 pp. 12 pls. [204].

  Type species:

   Haastia navicularis Lendenfeld, 1888 by monotypy.

 

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Wiedenmayer, F. in Hooper, J.N.A. & Wiedenmayer, F. 1994. Porifera. pp. 1-620 in Wells, A. (ed.). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Australia Vol. 12 xiii 624 pp. [Date published 21/Nov/1994] [191]

 

Excluded Taxa

Misidentifications

DYSIDEIDAE: Spongelia elegans Schmidt, 1862 [Australian 'hypotypes' in Lendenfeld, R. von 1889. A Monograph of the Horny Sponges. London : Trübner & Co. 936 pp. 17 figs 50 pls. [655, pl. 39 fig. 2] = Mycale (Arenochalina) flammula (Lamarck, 1814)]

 

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Circum-Atlantic, Arctic, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, S Africa, Indian Ocean, Indo-Malayan region, Japan, New Zealand, W and central and E Pacific Ocean, Subantarctic and Antarctic.

IBRA and IMCRA regions

IMCRA

Central Western Shelf Transition (28), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Tasmanian Shelf Province (36), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Northwest Province (4), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41), Central Western Transition (5)

Diagnosis

Thickly encrusting, massive or branching growth form, often with a marked conulose surface and a distinct net or weblike surface pattern, interconnecting between conules. Species with heavy intra-mesohyl detritus are not conulose. The skeleton consists of a regular, usually rectangular arrangement of concentrically laminated primary and secondary fibres, with primary fibres oriented perpendicular to the sponge surface. All fibres are axially to fully cored (Fig. 1B–E), although this may be in the form of scattered fragments rather than a dense core. Primary fibres are also pithed though this is usually obscured by the coring material. The sponge is soft and compressible, sometimes made fragile by large amounts of sand etc. incorporated into the sponge tissue. There is only light collagen deposition in the mesohyl, and the sponges are histologically simple, with few secretory cell types present.

 

ID Keys

See Family Dyseidae Diagnosis

 

Diagnosis References

Cook, S.D.C. & Bergquist, P.R. 2002. Family Spongiidae Gray, 1867. pp. 1051-1060 in Hooper, J.N.A. & van Soest, R.W.M. (eds). Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers Vol. 1. [1062]

 

History of changes

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
10-Dec-2023	DEMOSPONGIAE Sollas, 1885	10-Dec-2023	MODIFIED
03-Mar-2022	DEMOSPONGIAE Sollas, 1885	28-Sep-2023	MODIFIED
29-Mar-2018	PORIFERA Grant, 1836	10-Dec-2023	MODIFIED	Dr Kathryn Hall
29-Mar-2018	DEMOSPONGIAE Sollas, 1885	10-Dec-2023	MODIFIED	ABRS
29-Mar-2018		15-Dec-2011	MOVED
29-Mar-2018		10-Dec-2023	MODIFIED
29-Mar-2018		10-Dec-2023	MODIFIED
		10-Dec-2023	MODIFIED