Species Candalides xanthospilos (Hübner, 1817)

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Species Candalides xanthospilos (Hübner, 1817)

Yellow-spotted Blue

Rusticus xanthospilos Hübner, J. 1817. Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge. Vol. 1. Augsburg : Jacob Hübner pls [33] [99] [127] [185] [213]. [pl. [99]].
Type data:
Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown number and sex unknown, Sydney, NSW (Hübner gave no locality)
Comment: Hübner in the original description did not indicate the number of specimens described.
Type locality references:
Waterhouse, G.A. 1928. Notes on Australian Lycaenidae. Part VI. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 53: 401-412, pl. 25 [401] (suggested Sydney, NSW, as the type locality).
Polyommatus hubnerii Godart, J.B. 1824. Zoologie. Vol. 9 Pt 2 pp. 329–706 708–711 794–828 in Latreille, P.A. & Godart, J.B. Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire Naturelle. Entomologie, ou Histoire Naturelle des Crustacés, des Arachnides et des Insectes. Paris. [publication date: Cowan, C.F. 1968. [publication dates] Enc. Méth. 9. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History 4(7): 307–311, 390, Sherborn, C.D. & Woodward, B.B. 1906. On the dates of publication of the natural history portions of the Encyclopédie Méthodique. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 17: 577–582, Sherborn, C.D. & Woodward, B.B. 1899. On the dates of the Encyclopédie Méthodique: additional note. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1899(3): 595] [677].
Type data:
Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown ♂, unknown (Godart originally gave 'Timor?' but this is erroneous)
Comment: Godart in the original description mentioned several males.
Type locality references:
Waterhouse, G.A. 1928. Notes on Australian Lycaenidae. Part VI. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 53: 401-412, pl. 25 [401] (stated that Godart's locality was incorrect).
Polyommatus (Erina) pulchella Swainson, W. 1833. Zoological Illustrations, or Original Figures and Descriptions of new, rare, or interesting animals, selected chiefly from the classes of Ornithology, Entomology, and Conchology, and arranged according to their natural affinities. 2nd Series. The Birds. London : Baldwin & Cradock; W. Wood; R. Havell Vol. 3 50 pp. pls 92-136. [Date published Mar. 1833: publication dated as 1832–1833, published Mar. 1833] [134 pl. 134].
Type data:
Syntype(s) BMNH ♂ (whereabouts of other type(s) unknown), Australia (implied by Swainson in his discussion)
Comment: Swainson in the original description did not indicate the number of specimens described, although he did say that one was sent to the BMNH for reference; Tite, G.E. 1963. A revision of the genus Candalides and allied genera (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology 14(5): 197–259 4 pls [215] (did not examine a type of pulchella); Edwards, E.D., Newland, J. & Regan, L. 2001. Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea. In Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 31.6. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia. x 615 pp. (that Tite did not examine a type suggests that no specimen in the BMNH is currently recognised as a type).
Type locality references:
Waterhouse, G.A. 1928. Notes on Australian Lycaenidae. Part VI. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 53: 401-412, pl. 25 [401] (gave Australia as the type locality).

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Occurs from N of the Palmer River crossing, QLD, to Valencia Creek, VIC, recorded from Lord Howe Is., but this record has not been confirmed.

Australian Endemic.

Note that conversion of the original AFD map of states, drainage basins and coastal and oceanic zones to IBRA and IMCRA regions may have produced errors. The new maps will be reviewed and corrected as updates occur. The maps may not indicate the entire distribution. See further details below.

IBRA and IMCRA regions (map not available)

drainage basins and coastal and oceanic zones (map not available)

IBRA

NSW, Qld, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Flinders (FLI), Gulf Plains (GUP), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

Australia
- New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
- Queensland: Murray-Darling basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
- Victoria: SE coastal

Ecological Descriptors

Larva: herbivore (associated flora: Pimelea ligustrina Labill. [THYMELAEACEAE]; Pimelea linifolia Sm. [THYMELAEACEAE]; Pimelea stricta Meisn. [THYMELAEACEAE]).

General References

Common, I.F.B. & Waterhouse, D.F. 1981. Butterflies of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xiv 682 pp. 49 pls. [539]

Smales, M. & Ledward, C.P. 1943. Notes on the life histories of some lycaenid butterflies. Part II. (With notes on some skippers). Queensland Naturalist 12(3): 47-52 [49] (biology)

Tite, G.E. 1963. A revision of the genus Candalides and allied genera (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 14(5): 197-259 4 pls [215]

Waterhouse, G.A. 1903. Notes on Australian Rhopalocera: Lycaenidae. Part III—Revisional. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 28(1): 132-275, pls 1-3 [177]

Waterhouse, G.A. 1928. Notes on Australian Lycaenidae. Part VI. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 53: 401-412, pl. 25 [401]

Waterhouse, G.A. & Lyell, G. 1914. The Butterflies of Australia: a monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera introducing a complete scheme of structural classification, and giving descriptions and illustrations of all the butterflies found in Australia, including a number now recorded for the first time. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 239 pp. 38 pls + 3 unnumbered colour pls. [Date published 25 July 1914] [77]

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
07-Mar-2024	PAPILIONOIDEA	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby
04-Feb-2023	PAPILIONOIDEA	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby (ANU)
13-May-2022	PAPILIONOIDEA	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby
26-Feb-2021	PAPILIONOIDEA	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby
04-Jun-2020	PAPILIONOIDEA	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Michael Braby
02-Feb-2018	Candalidini	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED
04-Jun-2020	LYCAENIDAE Leach, 1815	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED
06-Sep-2017	PAPILIONOIDEA	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED
06-Sep-2017	LYCAENIDAE	20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED	Dr Federica Turco (QM)
05-Mar-2013		20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED
30-Mar-2012		20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED
28-Mar-2012		20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED
		20-Jun-2024	MODIFIED

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