Order CHONDROSIIDA Boury-Esnault & Lops, 1985

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Regional Maps

Diagnosis

Demospongiae, encrusting to massive, with a marked cortex enriched with fibrillar collagen, with inhalant apertures localised in pore-sieves or cribriporal chones and a skeleton often absent, composed when present of nodular spongin fibres or aster microscleres only (never megascleres). Collagen always very abundant. Oviparous.

ID Keys

KEY TO GENERA
(1) Chondrosida with skeleton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. . . . . . . . . 2
Chondrosida without skeleton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

(2) Chondrosida with siliceous skeleton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chondrilla
Chondrosida with spongin skeleton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thymosia

(3) Chondrosida with oviparous reproduction, abundant collagen forming a thin or thick cortex ........ 4
Chondrosida with viviparous reproduction where larvae are incubated parenchymellae (dispherulae) with simple undifferentiated histology and cilia of uniform length. Skeleton is highly organisaed ecrosomal and subectosomal fibrillar collagen lacking any fibre or mineral elements ......... Halisarca

(4) Chondrosida with a well developed cortex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chondrosia
Chondrosida with a thin cortex and a cuticle . . . . . . . . . .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thymosiopsis

Diagnosis References

Boury-Esnault, N. 2002. Order Chondrosida Boury-Esnault & Lopes, 1985. Family Chondrillidae Gray, 1872. pp. 291-298 in Hooper, J.N.A. & van Soest, R.W.M. (eds). Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers Vol. 1. [291]

General References

Boury-Esnault, N. 2002. Order Chondrosida Boury-Esnault & Lopes, 1985. Family Chondrillidae Gray, 1872. pp. 291-298 in Hooper, J.N.A. & van Soest, R.W.M. (eds). Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers Vol. 1.

Ereskovsky, A.V., Lavrov, D.V., Boury-Esnault, N. & Vacelet, J. 2011. Molecular and morphological description of a new species of Halisarca (Demospongiae: Halisarcida) from Mediterranean Sea and a redescription of the type species Halisarca dujardini. Zootaxa 2768: 5-31 [5]

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