Species Semicassis pyrum (Lamarck, 1822)
Globe Helmet, Pear Bonnet, Pear Helmet, Smooth Helmet, Spotted Helmet, White Helmet
- Cassis pyrum Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de M. 1822. Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertèbres. Suite des Gastéropodes. Paris : J.B. Lamarck Vol. 6(2) 232 pp. [Date published Apr. 1822] [226, no. 16].
Type data:
Holotype MHNG, Nouvelle-Hollande, designated as southern Tasmania. - Cassis nivea Brazier, J. 1872. Descriptions of six new species of land shells from Australia and Lord Howe's Island. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1872: 617-619 [616, pl. 44, fig. 1].
Type data:
Holotype AM C.011498 dry, Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania, Australia [42°10'1.2"S, 145°15'0"E]. - Cassidea stadialis Hedley, C. 1914. Report on the mollusca obtained by the F.I.S. Endeavour chiefly off Cape Wiles, South Australia. Zoological Results of the Fisheries Experiments carried out by F.I.S. "Endeavour" 2: 65-74 [72, pl. 10, fig. 4].
Type data:
Holotype AM C.130507 dry, Between Green Cape and Gabo Island, New South Wales, Australia [37°30'0"S, 150°9'0"E]. - Xenogalea finlayi Iredale, T. 1927. A review of Australian helmet shells (Family Cassididae - Phylum Mollusca). Records of the Australian Museum 15: 321-354 [342].
- Xenophalium harrisonae Powell, A.W.B. 1928. The Recent and Tertiary Cassids of New Zealand and a study in hybridisation. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 59: 629-642, pls 674-676 [640, pl. 75, figs 27-28].
Type data:
Status unknown, Mason's Bay, Stewart Island. - Xenophalium hamiltoni Powell, A.W.B. 1928. The Recent and Tertiary Cassids of New Zealand and a study in hybridisation. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 59: 629-642, pls 674-676 [639, pl. 75, figs 25-26].
Type data:
Holotype DM, off Cape Campbell, Marlborough, in about 60 fms. - Xenogalea powelli Finlay, H.J. 1928. The Recent Mollusca of the Chatham Islands. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 59: 232-286, pls 38-43 [247].
Type data:
Status unknown, 40-50 fathoms, off Whakatane, Bay of Plenty. - Xenogalea spectabilis Iredale, T. 1929. Mollusca from the continental shelf of eastern Australia. No. 2. Records of the Australian Museum 17(4): 157-189, pls 38-41 [178, pl. 38, fig. 8].
Type data:
Holotype AM C.57722 dry, off Montague Island, New South Wales, Australia [36°10'1.2"S, 150°13'58.8"E]. - Xenogalea mawsoni Cotton, B.C. 1945. Southern Australian Gastropoda. Part 1. Streptoneura. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 69(1): 150-171 [168, pl. 12, figs 1-2].
Type data:
Holotype SAMA D.14201, 120 mi, west of Eucla, Western Australia, 120 fms. - Xenogalea denda Cotton, B.C. 1945. Southern Australian Gastropoda. Part 1. Streptoneura. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 69(1): 150-171 [169].
Type data:
Holotype SAMA D.5332, 100 fms, west of Eucla, Great Australian Bight. - Xenophalium (Xenogalea) matai Powell, A.W.B. 1952. New Zealand Molluscan Systematics, with Descriptions of New Species. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 4: 169-186 [178, pl. 35, fig. 6].
Type data:
Holotype AIM, Beach Harbour, Breaksea Sound, Fiordland, New Zealand, intertidal mudflats. - Xenogalea wilsoni Cotton, B.C. 1954. Family Cassididae. Royal Society of South Australia Malacological Section 4: 4 pp. [1].
Type data:
Holotype SAMA D.14495, Great Australian Bight near Eucla, 100 fathoms. - Xenogalea halli Cotton, B.C. 1954. Family Cassididae. Royal Society of South Australia Malacological Section 4: 4 pp. [1].
Type data:
Holotype SAMA D.14509, Victor Harbour, off West Island, 15-16 fathoms. - Xenophalium (Xenogalea) abernethyi Dell, R.K. 1956. The archibenthal Mollusca of New Zealand. Dominion Museum Bulletin 18: 1-235, pls 1-25 [87, pl. 12, figs 118, 122].
Type data:
Holotype DM M9752, off Castlepoint, east coast Wellington, in 40 fms.
Generic Combinations
- Xenogalea nivea (Brazier, 1872) [new combination of synonym]. —
Iredale, T. 1927. A review of Australian helmet shells (Family Cassididae - Phylum Mollusca). Records of the Australian Museum 15: 321-354 [344] - Semicassis (Semicassis) pyrum (Lamarck, 1822). —
Wilson, B. 1993. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, Western Australia : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 1 408 pp. [234, pl. 37, figs 8, 11a-c] - Phalium pyrum (Lamarck, 1822). —
Abbott, R.T. 1968. The helmet shells of the world (Cassidae). Part 1. Indo-Pacific Mollusca 2(9): 7-201 [166] - Xenogalea pyrum (Lamarck, 1822). —
Iredale, T. 1927. A review of Australian helmet shells (Family Cassididae - Phylum Mollusca). Records of the Australian Museum 15: 321-354 [339] (New combination) - Xenogalea stadialis (Hedley, 1914) [new combination of synonym]. —
Abbott, R.T. 1968. The helmet shells of the world (Cassidae). Part 1. Indo-Pacific Mollusca 2(9): 7-201 [341]
Distribution
States
New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
New Zealand, South Africa
IMCRA
Southwest Shelf Province (31), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Tasmanian Shelf Province (36), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)
Ecological Descriptors
Continental shelf, continental slope, marine.
Extra Ecological Information
In 50-650 m
General References
Abbott, R.T. 1968. The helmet shells of the world (Cassidae). Part 1. Indo-Pacific Mollusca 2(9): 7-201 [166-173, pls 13, figs 151-157] (as Phalium pyrum (Lamarck, 1822))
Beechey, D. 2000. Semicassis pryum (Lamarck, 1822). The seashells of New South Wales website. http://seashellsofnsw.org.au/Cassidae/Pages/semicassis_pyrum.htm (date accessed 10/7/2012)
Gabriel, C.J. 1962. Additions to the marine molluscan fauna of south eastern Australia including descriptions of new genus Pillarginella, six new marine species and two subspecies. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, Melbourne 25: 177–210, 1 pl. [Date published 1 May 1962] [185] (as Xenogalea nivea)
Iredale, T. 1924. Results from Roy Bell's molluscan collections. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 49(3): 179–279, pls 33–36 [254] (as Phalium pyrum)
Iredale, T. 1927. A review of Australian helmet shells (Family Cassididae - Phylum Mollusca). Records of the Australian Museum 15: 321-354 [339-340] (as Xenogalea pyrum)
Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F. 1962. A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 11: 1–109 [55]
Kreipl, K. 1997. Recent Cassidae. Weisbaden : Verlag Christa Hemman 151 pp., pls 1-24. [60, pl. 21, figs 71-71d]
Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J. 1962. Marine molluscs of Victoria. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press & National Museum of Victoria 475 pp. [147] (as Xenogalea pyrum)
Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J. 1962. Marine molluscs of Victoria. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press & National Museum of Victoria 475 pp. [151] (as Xenogalea nivea)
Pritchard, G.B. & Gatliff, J.H. 1900. Catalogue of the marine shells of Victoria. Part III. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 12(2): 170–205 [189] (as Cassis pyrum)
Verco, J.C. 1912. Shells from the Great Australian Bight. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 36: 206-232 [217] (as Cassidea pyrum)
Wilson, B. 1993. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, Western Australia : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 1 408 pp. [234, pl. 37, figs 8, 11a-e]
Wilson, B.R. & Gillett, K. 1971. Australian shells: illustrating and describing 600 species of marine gastropods found in Australian waters. Sydney : Reed Books 168 pp. [70, pl. 49, figs 1-1c]
Common Name References
Allan, J.K. 1950. Australian shells: with related animals living in the sea, in freshwater and on the land. Melbourne : Georgian House xix, 470 pp., 45 pls, 112 text figs. [117] (as Xenogalea pyrum) (Pear Helmet)
Cotton, B.C. 1954. Family Cassididae. Royal Society of South Australia Malacological Section 4: 4 pp. [4] (as Xenogalea denda) (Globe Helmet)
Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J. 1962. Marine molluscs of Victoria. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press & National Museum of Victoria 475 pp. [151] (as Xenogalea stadialis) (Smooth Helmet, Spotted Helmet, White Helmet)
Wilson, B. 2002. A handbook to Australian seashells on seashores east to west and north to south. Sydney : Reed New Holland 185 pp. [126, pl. 127] (Pear Bonnet)
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01-Jun-2021 | TONNOIDEA | 10-Jul-2012 | MODIFIED | Mr Des Beechey (AM) Ms Anouk Mututantri (AM) |
| 08-Mar-2012 | MODIFIED |