Species Saissetia oleae (Olivier, 1791)

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Species Saissetia oleae (Olivier, 1791)

Black Scale, Caparreta, Cochnilha-h, Cochnilha-negra, Escama Negra, Lacochenille De L'olivier, Mediterranean Black Scale, Olive Scale, Olive Soft Scale, Qenimat Hazayit

Ecological Descriptors

Sap-feeder.

ID Keys

(Hodgson, C.J. & Henderson, R.C., 2000) [195] (female; New Zealand); (Granara de Willink, M.C., 1999) [158] (female; Argentina); (Kosztarab, M., 1996) [323] (female; northeastern North America); (Tang, F.T., 1991) [216] (female; China); (Williams, D.J. & Watson, G.W., 1990) [160] (female; tropical South Pacific); (Gill, R.J., 1988) [103] (female; USA, California); (Hamon, A.B. & Williams, M.L., 1984) [108] (female; USA, Florida); (Tao, C.C.C., Wong, C.Y. & Chang, Y.C., 1983) [72] (female; Taiwan); (Kawai, S., 1980) [157] (female; Japan); (Ezzat, Y.M. & Hussein, N.A., 1969) [474] (female; Egypt); (Beardsley, J.W., 1966) [494] (female; Micronesia); (Borchsenius, N.S., 1957) [332] (female; Palaearctic Region); (Zimmerman, E.C., 1948) [320] (female; Hawaii)

SYSTEMATICS

The correct name of this species is Saissetia oleae (Oilivier, 1791). Until 1970 it was erroneously named as Saissetia oleae (Bernard, 1783). For a detailed discussion on this case refer to De Lotto, G. 1971. On some genera and species of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of Natural History 5: 133–153. Ben-Dov, Y. 1993. A systematic catalogue of the soft scale insects of the world (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) with data on geographical distribution, host plants, biology and economic importance. Flora & Fauna Handbook, No. 9. Gainesville, FL : Sandhill Crane Press 536 pp. erroneously indicated that type material of Coccus testudo Curtis, 1843 was lost. However, Ken Walker (Department of Entomology, Museum of Victoria, Abbotsford, Victoria, Australia) in personal communication (May 2002) to Yair Ben-Dov, informed that the types are deposited in the Victoria Museum.

General References

Balachowsky, A.S. 1932. Étude biologique des coccides du bassin occidental de la Méditerranée. Paris : P. Lechevalier & Fils 214 pp. LXVII. [LVI] (Saissetia oleoe: misspelling of species name)

Bartlett, B.R. 1978. Coccidae. In, Clausen, C.P. (ed.). Introduced Parasites and Predators of Arthropod Pests and Weeds: a World Review. Washington, D.C. : Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture 545 pp. [67] (Saissetia oleae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' author)

Borg, P. 1919. The scale insects of the Maltese Islands. Malta : Government Printing Office 71 pp. [31] (Lecanium oleae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' as author)

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1893. Coccidae, or scale insects. – II. Bulletin of the Botanical Department, Jamaica 40: 7-9 [54] (Neobernardia oleae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' as author)

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1901. The coccid genus Saissetia. Entomological Student 2: 31-33 [31] (Saissetia oleae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' as author)

Comstock, J.H. 1890. Report on Scale Insects. Rept Dep. Agric. 1880 Pt ii. 276-349 pp. [336] (Lecanium oleae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' as author)

Ezzat, Y.M. & Hussein, N.A. 1969. Redescription and classification of the family Coccidae in U.A.R. (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique d'Egypte 51: 359-426 [413] (Parasaissetia oleae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' as author)

Franco, J.C. & Passos de Carvalho, J. 1991. Contribution to the study of the entomofauna of citrus agroecosystems in Portugal: A study on the bioecology of the mealybug complex (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Proceedings of the 4th ECE/XIII SIEEC 1: 282-285 [283] (Seissetia oleae: misspelling of genus name)

Gonzalez, R.H. 1989. Insectos y acaros de importancia agricola y cuarentenaria en Chile. Santiago : Universidad de Chile 310 pp. [89] (Saissetia oleae: misspelling of species name)

Hall, W.J. 1922. Observations on the Coccidae of Egypt. Bulletin, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt, Technical and Scientific Service 22: 1-54 [22] (Saissetia (Lecanium) oleae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' as author)

Quezada, J.R., Cornejo, C., Diaz de Mira, A. & Hidalgo, F. 1972. [The main species of insects associated with citrus crops in El Salvador.]. San Salvador, E. Salvador : Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaderia 49 pp. [14] (Saissetia oleas: misspelling of species name)

Rutherford, A. 1915. Notes on Ceylon Coccidae. Spolia Zeylanica 10: 103-115 [112] (Saissetia obae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' as author; misspelling of species name)

Signoret, V. 1869. Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homoptères – Coccides), 2e partie. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 4 8: 829-876 [862] (Lecanium oleae: incorrect citation of 'Bernard' as author)