Genus Psychoda Latreille, 1796
Type species:
Tipula phalaenoides Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent monotypy, see Latreille, P.A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. Ouvrage faisant suite à l’histoire naturelle générale et particulière, composée par Leclerc de Buffon, et rédigée par C.S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs sociétés savantes. Familles naturelles des genres. Tome troisième. Paris : F. Dufart xii + 13–467 + [1] pp. [An "X" (title page = 1802)] [424].- Phalaenula Meigen, J.W. 1800. Nouvelle classification des mouches à deux ailes (Diptera L.) d'après un plan tout nouveau. Paris : Perronneau pp. 1-40. [This publication suppressed by the I.C.Z.N.] [18] [invalid name; Unavailable name; work suppressed for the purposes of zoological nomenclature by action of ICZN (1963)].
- Phalaenula Desmarest, A. 1818. Phalaenula. In, Anonymous. Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, appliquée aux arts, à l'agriculture, à l'économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine etc. Par une société de naturalistes et d'agriculteurs. Nouvelle edition presqu’entièrement refondue et considérarablement augmentée; avec des figures tirées des trois règnes de la nature. Paris : Deterville Vol. 25. [Date published 26 Dec. 1818] [469] [After Meigen (1800) the next usage of Phalaenula was in Desmarest (1818), where it was placed in synonymy with Psychoda Latreille, and no species were included. The name was made available by Pöppig (1846), who treated it as a valid name and listed the first included species: Tipula phalaenoides Linnaeus, 1758, indicating it was the type species. Tipula phalaenoides Linnaeus, 1758 is currently treated in Psychoda, making Phalaenula Desmarest, 1818 a junior synonym of Psychoda Latreille, 1797. Coquillett (1910) gave the type species as Tipula ocellaris Meigen, 1803, but this was not an originally included species. Stone (1941: 413) mistakenly thought that Latreille’s (1802) usage of “phalaenules” was sufficient to allow Latreille’s (1802) listing of Tipula phalaenoides Linnaeus, 1758 as a first inclusion of species in Phalaenula, but stated that it still needed a type species designation and deferred to Coquillett’s (1910) designation of Tipula ocellaris Meigen, 1803 as the first valid designation. This led Stone (1941) to conclude that Phalaenula was synonymous with Clytocerus Eaton, 1905 (Evenhuis & Pape 2017)].
Type species:
Tipula phalaenoides Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation, see Pöppig, E.F. 1846. Phalaenula. In, Ersch, J.S. & Grüber, J.G. Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste in alphabetischer Folge von genannten Schriftstellern bearbeitet und herausgegeben. Dritter Section O–Z. Einundzwanziger Theil. Pflanzeisen—Phantasma. Leipzig : F.A. Brockhaus 491 + [1] pp. [399].Secondary source:
Latreille, P.A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. Ouvrage faisant suite à l’histoire naturelle générale et particulière, composée par Leclerc de Buffon, et rédigée par C.S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs sociétés savantes. Familles naturelles des genres. Tome troisième. Paris : F. Dufart xii + 13–467 + [1] pp. [An "X" (title page = 1802)]; Pöppig, E.F. 1846. Phalaenula. In, Ersch, J.S. & Grüber, J.G. Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste in alphabetischer Folge von genannten Schriftstellern bearbeitet und herausgegeben. Dritter Section O–Z. Einundzwanziger Theil. Pflanzeisen—Phantasma. Leipzig : F.A. Brockhaus 491 + [1] pp. [399]; Stone, A. 1941. The generic names of Meigen 1800 and their proper application (Diptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 34: 404–418 [413].
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Quate, L.W. 1966. Family Psychodidae. pp. 91-97 in Stone, C., Sabrosky, C.W., Wirth, W.W., Foote, R.H. & Coulson, J.R. (eds). A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook No. 276. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office 1696 pp. [93]
- Evenhuis, N.L. & Pape, T. 2017. Battling the un-dead: the status of the Diptera genus-group names originally proposed in Johann Wilhelm Meigen’s 1800 pamphlet. Zootaxa 4275(1): 1–74 [47]
Distribution
States
Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Cosmopolitan.
IBRA
Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL) ; ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)
IMCRA
Macquarie Island Province (24)
Original AFD Distribution Data
Afrotropical Region
- South Africa
Antarctic Region
- Macquarie Island (Aust. Terr.)
Australian Region
- Australia
- Australian Capital Territory
- New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
- Queensland: NE coastal
- South Australia: Murray-Darling basin, S Gulfs, SE coastal
- Tasmania
- Victoria: SE coastal
- Western Australia: SW coastal
- Cook Islands
- Fiji
- Hawaii
- New Zealand
- Papua New Guinea
- Western Samoa
Nearctic Region
- United States of America
Neotropical Region
Oriental Region
- India
- Indonesia
- Malaysia
- Philippines
- Taiwan
Palaearctic Region
Distribution References
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01-Feb-2019 | DIPTERA Linnaeus, 1758 | 09-Jan-2019 | MODIFIED | |
| 02-May-2011 | 10-Jul-2018 | MODIFIED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |