Genus Plakina Schulze, 1880
- Achinoe Gray, J.E. 1867. Notes on the arrangement of sponges, with the description of some new genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1867: 492-558 pls 27-28 [546].
Type species:
Achinoe australis Gray, 1867 by monotypy. - Plakina Schulze, F.E. 1880. Untersuchungen über den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Neunte Mittheilung. Die Plakiniden. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 34: 407-451 pls 20-22 [407].
Type species:
Plakina monolopha Schulze, 1889 by subsequent designation, see Sollas, W.J. 1888. Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H.M.S. Challenger, during the years 1873–1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger 1873–1876, Zoology 25(63): clxvi 1-458 44 pls 1 map [cli]. - Plakoosa Laubenfels, M.W. de 1936. A comparison of the shallow water sponges near the Pacific end of the Panama Canal with those at the Caribbean end. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 83(2993): 441-466 [462].
Type species:
Plakoosa elisa de Laubenfels, 1936 by monotypy.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Topsent, E. 1937. Notes diverses sur des Eponges. Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique Monaco 722: 1-15 [7]
Distribution
States
Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Amphi-Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean, Japan, New Zealand, Antarctic and Subantarctic.
IMCRA
Southwest Shelf Province (31)
Other Regions
Australian Antarctic Territory, Heard & McDonald Islands (Aust. Terr.)
Distribution References
- Bergquist, P.R. 1968. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 1 (Tetractinomorpha and Lithistida). Bulletin of the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research 188: 1-105 15 pls 30 figs [62]
- Burton, M. 1932. Sponges. Discovery Reports 6: 237-392 56 figs pls 48-57 [262]
Diagnosis
Thinly to massively encrusting Plakinidae with a spiculation of diods, triods, and calthrops, and with homogeneously ramified lophocalthrops with one, two, three, or four lophate rays. Candelabra (heterolophose calthrops) absent. Lophocalthrops usually concentrated at the sponge surface and bordering canals. Development of the ectosome is variable, and subectosomal cavities may be present (e.g., P. trilopha Schulze, 1880). A large basal cavity is present in most species. Proportion of mesohyl to chambers varies from 0.7 to 1.8:1. Choanocyte chambers are eurypylous or aphodal, usually with a radial arrangement around incurrent and excurrent canals (called sylleibid-like arrangement, such as in P. monolopha, P. elisa).
ID Keys
See Family Plakinidae Diagnosis.
Diagnosis References
Muricy, G. & Diaz, M. C. 2002. Order Homosclerophorida Dendy, 1905. Family Plakinidae Schulze, 1880. pp. 71-82 in Hooper, J.N.A. & van Soest, R.W.M. (eds). Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers Vol. 1. [79]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29-Mar-2018 | 28-Feb-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 29-Mar-2018 | 13-Apr-2011 | MODIFIED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |