Species Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792)

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CAVS: 0274

Species Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792)

Cockatiel

Psittacus hollandicus Kerr, R. 1792. The Animal Kingdom, or Zoological System, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus; being a translation of that part of the Systema Naturae, as lately published, with great improvements, by Professor Gmelin of Goettingen. Class II. Birds. London : J. Murray & R. Faulder xii 644 pp. [580] [nom. nov. for Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788 (328), preoccupied].
Type data:
Syntype(s).
Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, J.F. 1788. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer Vol. 1(1) 1-500 pp. [For publication date Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84] [328] [as novae Hollandiae, junior homonym of Psittacus novaehollandia [sic] Gmelin, 1788 (316) (=Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus Gmelin, 1788, q.v.); based on the Crested Parrakeet (male and female) in Latham, J. 1781. A General Synopsis of Birds. London : B. White Vol. 1 Pt 1 vi 416 pp. I–XVI pls (250), itself described from material collected by Joseph Banks' party on James Cook's first voyage to Australia; of the three principal collecting land falls made on that voyage (Botany Bay, Bustard Bay, mouth of Endeavour River), Bustard Bay is the only locality within the historic range of this species and is the likely type locality; for fate of Joseph Banks' bird collections from Cook's first voyage to Australia, see Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2. (172-173); Whitehead, P.J.P. 1969. Zoological specimens from Captain Cook's voyages. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History 5: 161–201 [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp. Mathews, G.M. 1927. Systema Avium Australasianarum. A systematic list of the birds of the Australasian region. London : British Ornithologists' Union Pt 1 iv 426 pp.]].
Type data:
Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown (ex Joseph Banks coll.), probably Bustard Bay, QLD, or east QLD coast (as nova Hollandia).
Type locality references:
Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [107] (cf. Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171–455 [publication dated Jan. 1912, published 31 Jan.]).
Secondary source:
Latham, J. 1781. A General Synopsis of Birds. London : B. White Vol. 1 vi 416 pp. 16 pls.; Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2.; Whitehead, P.J.P. 1969. Zoological specimens from Captain Cook's voyages. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History 5: 161-201.
Leptolophus auricomis Swainson, W. 1833. Zoological Illustrations, or Original Figures and Descriptions of new, rare, or interesting animals, selected chiefly from the classes of Ornithology, Entomology, and Conchology, and arranged according to their natural affinities. 2nd Series. The Birds. London : Baldwin & Cradock; W. Wood; R. Havell Vol. 3 50 pp. pls 92-136. [Date published Mar. 1833: publication dated as 1832–1833, published Mar. 1833] [text to pl. 112] [based in part on Palaeornis novae-hollandiae (=Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788 p. 328), as illustrated on pl. 27 in Lear, E. 1831. Illustrations of the family of Psittacidae, or Parrots: the greater part of them species hitherto unfigured, containing forty-two lithographic plates, drawn from life, and on stone. London : E. Lear 42 pls pp. [Pt III, published Jan. 1931, publication dated as 1830–1832]; another, female syntype is illustrated on pl. 112 in original description].
Type data:

Syntype(s) UMZC (Institution uncertain), central north NSW (as arid sandy plains between Lat. 29 and 28, 50. Long. 150 3/4 E) and Bustard Bay, QLD, or E QLD coast (see Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788, p. 328); BMNH (Institution uncertain, type of Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788 (p. 328, q.v.)), central north NSW (as arid sandy plains between Lat. 29 and 28, 50. Long. 150 3/4 E) and Bustard Bay, QLD, or E QLD coast (see Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788, p. 328).
Secondary source:
Lear, E. 1831. Illustrations of the family of Psittacidae, or Parrots: the greater part of them species hitherto unfigured, containing forty-two lithographic plates, drawn from life, and on stone. London : E. Lear 42 pls. [Pt III, published Jan. 1931, publication dated as 1830–1832].
Calopsitta guy Lesson, R.P. 1835. Illustrations de Zoologie; ou Recueil de Figures d'Animaux peintes d'après Nature. Paris : Arthus Bertrand 103 pp. 60 pls. [printed without dates of publication] [text to pls 49, 50] [based in part on Psittacus novaehollandiae 'Latham' (=Gmelin, 1788, p. 328) and including both sexes; syntypes figured on pls 49, 50 of protologue].
Type data:
Syntype(s) MNHP ♂ ♀ (Institution uncertain, type of Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788 [328], q.v.), east NSW (as Nova Gallia meridionalis), and Bustard Bay, QLD, or E QLD coast (see Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788, p. 328) cf. Mathews (1912).
Type locality references:
Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912].
Calopsitta greyi Reichenow, A. 1881. Conspectus Psittacorum. Systematische Uebersicht aller bekannten Papageienarten. Journal of Ornithology 29: 1-49, 113-177, 225-289, 337-398 [38] [nom. nov. for Calopsitta guy Lesson, 1835, or an emendation of it and if so unjustified, see ICZN Art. 33(b)].
Type data:
Syntype(s).
Leptolophus auricomis pallescens Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] [267].
Type data:
Holotype AMNH 619873 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 3874), Milly Pool, c. 30 km NW of Wiluna, WA (as West Australia (East Murchison))
Comment: for identification of holotype, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.
Type locality references:
Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1-306; Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [107] (from itinerary of collector, see Whitlock, F.L. 1910. On the East Murchison. Four months collecting trip. Emu 9: 181–219).
Leptolophus auricomis intermedius Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] [267].
Type data:
Holotype AMNH 619885 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 8759), Point Torment, Kimberley Division, WA
Comment: for identification of holotype, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.
Type locality references:
Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1-306.
Leptolophus auricomis obscurus Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] [267].
Type data:
Holotype AMNH 619887 unsexed (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 1013), Alexandria, Barkly Tableland, NT (as Northern Territory (Alexandra))
Comment: for identification of holotype, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.
Type locality references:
Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1-306.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

Condon, H.T. 1975. Checklist of the Birds of Australia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union xx 311 pp. [189]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Throughout drier inland regions of Australia, west to the west coast between Geraldton and Dampier Land, WA, but rarely south-west of a line between Perth and Albany—north to the middle Kimberley Division and Arnhem Land, WA, NT, the south shores of the Gulf of Carpentaria and the west foot of Cape York Peninsula, QLD, north to the lower Mitchell River region—east to the west slopes of the Great Dividing Range south of Cape York Peninsula, QLD, NSW, and penetrating to the east coast from the Burdekin to Mary River drainages, QLD—and south to N VIC (Benalla-Horsham), the mallee lands of SA and wheat-belt of WA, erratically reaching the Bassian plain of southern VIC, the upper South-East of SA, the fringes of the lower Mt Lofty Ranges and S Eyre Peninsula—and scarce from the Nullarbor Plain northwards through the central WA deserts (Great Victoria, Gibson and Tanami Deserts)—itinerant records from TAS apparently aviary escapees.

Note that conversion of the original AFD map of states, drainage basins and coastal and oceanic zones to IBRA and IMCRA regions may have produced errors. The new maps will be reviewed and corrected as updates occur. The maps may not indicate the entire distribution. See further details below.

IBRA and IMCRA regions (map not available)

drainage basins and coastal and oceanic zones (map not available)

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

Australia
- New South Wales: Bulloo River basin, Lake Eyre basin, Murray-Darling basin
- Northern Territory
- Queensland
- South Australia
- Victoria: Murray-Darling basin
- Western Australia

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, diurnal, granivore, low open woodland, low woodland, migratory, nomadic, open forest, terrestrial, volant, woodland.

Extra Ecological Information

Seasonal breeder, sexually dimorphic, feeds terrestrially on seeds, flocks, flies swiftly with regular graceful wing beats, nests in hollows lined with wood debris, both parents incubate and feed cream-downed chicks, wanders widely to seasonal food sources, with trans-continental shifts north in autumn-winter and south in spring-summer.