Australian Biological Resources Study

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Species Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner, 1861)

Escama Negra Lisa, Lapa-da-anoineira, Lapa-preta, Nigra Scale

 

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

 

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia


Ecological Descriptors

Sap-feeder.

 

ID Keys

(Hodgson, C.J. & Henderson, R.C., 2000) [199] (female; New Zealand); (Ezzat, Y.M. & Hussein, N.A., 1969) [374] (female; Egypt); (Beardsley, J.W., 1966) [494] (female; Micronesia); (Borchsenius, N.S., 1957) [332] (female; Palaearctic Region); (Zimmerman, E.C., 1948) [320] (female; Hawaii)

 

ECONOMIC AND CONTROL

A potential pest of litchi in Israel (see Wysoki, M., Ben-Dov, Y., Swirski, E. & Izhar, Y. 1993. The arthropod pests of mango in Israel. Acta Horticulturae (Fourth International Mango Symposium) 341: 452–466).

GENERAL

Good description and illustration of adult female by Ezzat, Y.M. & Hussein, N.A. 1969. Redescription and classification of the family Coccidae in U.A.R. (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique d'Egypte 51: 359–426, Ben-Dov, Y. 1978. Taxonomy of the nigra scale, Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), with observations on mass rearing and parasites of an Israeli strain. Phytoparasitica 6: 115–127, Gill, R.J. 1988. The Scale Insects of California: Part 1. The Soft Scales (Homoptera : Coccoidea : Coccidae). Sacramento, California : California Dept of Food & Agriculture 132 pp., Williams, D.J. & Watson, G.W. 1990. The Scale Insects of the Tropical South Pacific Region. Pt. 3: The soft scales (Coccidae) and other families. London : CAB International Institute of Entomology 267 pp., Tang, F.T. 1991. [The Coccidae of China]. Taiyuan, P. R. China : Shanxi United Universities Press, Hodgson, C.J. 1994. The scale insect family Coccidae: an identification manual to genera. Wallingford, Oxon, UK : CAB International Institute of Entomology 639 pp. and by Hodgson, C.J. & Henderson, R.C. 2000. Coccidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand : Manaaki Whenua Press 259 pp..

BIOLOGY

Smith, R.H. 1944. Bionomics and control of the nigra scale, Saissetia nigra. Hilgardia 16: 225–288 studied the life history, ecology, and natural enemies in California. The nigra scale successfully develops under laboratory conditions on Cucurbita squashes, and on sprouting potato tubers. On squashes, at 24°C a generation is completed within 45–60 days. The encapsulation of eggs of Encyrtus infelix (Embleton) was studied by Blumberg, D. & Goldenberg, S. 1992. Encapsulation of eggs of two species of Encyrtus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) by soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) in six parasitoid-host interactions. Israel Journal of Entomology 25–26: 57–65. Life history and pest status on coffee discussed by Le Pelley, R.H. 1968. In: Pests of Coffee. London : Longmans 588 pp..

STRUCTURE

Colour photograph by Kawai, S. 1980. Scale insects of Japan in colors. Tokyo : National Agricultural Education Association 455 pp. [figs 6,44], Hamon, A.B. & Williams, M.L. 1984. The soft scale insects of Florida (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). In, Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas. Gainesville : Fla. Dept. of Agric. & Consumer Serv. Div. Plant Ind. 194 pp. Gill, R.J. 1988. The Scale Insects of California: Part 1. The Soft Scales (Homoptera : Coccoidea : Coccidae). Sacramento, California : California Dept of Food & Agriculture 132 pp., Carvalho, J.P. & Aguiar, A.M.F. 1997. [Citrus pests in the Island of Madeira] Pragas dos citrinos na Ilha da Madeira. Madeira : Secretaria Regional de Agricultura, Florestas e Pescs 411 pp., Wong, C.Y., Chen, S.P. & Chou, L.Y. 1999. [Guidebook to Scale Insects of Taiwan.]. Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan : Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute 98 pp., and Hodgson, C.J. & Henderson, R.C. 2000. Coccidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand : Manaaki Whenua Press 259 pp..

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
05-Jun-2024 COCCOIDEA 21-Mar-2024 MODIFIED Dr Vivian Sandoval (ABRS)
21-Nov-2012 01-May-2014 MODIFIED
29-Jun-2012 29-Jun-2012 MODIFIED
12-Feb-2010 (import)