Subspecies Hypolycaena phorbas phorbas (Fabricius, 1793)
Common Tit
Type data:
Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown ♀ ((India was given as the type locality in the original description); Kirby, W.F. 1871. A Synonymic Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera. London : John van Voorst [vii] 690 pp. [406] (gave Papuan Islands, as Ins. Papuanae, as the type locality); Seitz, A. 1926. The Indo-Australian Rhopalocera [Lycaenidae]. pp. 985–1000 pl. 146 in Seitz, A. (ed). The Macrolepidoptera of the World: a systematic description of the hitherto known macrolepidoptera. Stuttgart : Alfred Kernen Vol. 9 1197 pp. [985] (stated that the nominotypical subspecies came from Queensland, excluded the New Guinean specimens, and implied that he believed that the type locality was Queensland); Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [401] (doubted the Papuan Islands as the type locality because he also regarded the nominotypical subspecies as coming from Queensland); Edwards, E.D., Newland, J. & Regan, L. 2001. Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea. In Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 31.6. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia. x 615 pp. (the current subspecies taxonomy is consistent only with the view that the type(s) were collected at Endeavour River on Cook's first voyage)), Cooktown, QLD
Comment: Fabricius in the original description did not indicate the number of specimens described and also referred to an illustration by Jones; Fabricius described, and Jones illustrated, the female which came from the Drury collection; Zimsen, E. 1964. The Type Material of I.C. Fabricius. Copenhagen : Munksgaard 656 pp. [562] (did not list a specimen and Fabricius may have described the species from Jones' illustration); Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [401] (referred to a holotype male, but this could not be a type).- Hypolycaena noctula Staudinger, O. in Staudinger, O. & Schatz, E. 1888. Exotische Schmetterlinge. Fürth, Bavaria : G. Löwensohn Vol. 1(20–21) pp. 235-333 pls 96-100. [publication date: Moulds, M.S. 1977. Bibliography of the Australian Butterflies. Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea 1773–1973. Greenwich, N.S.W. : Australian Entomological Press 239 pp.] [283].
Type data:
Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown ♂, Cooktown, QLD (designated in original description)
Comment: Staudinger in the original description referred to two males. - Hypolycaena phorbas ingura Tindale, N.B. 1923. On Australian Rhopalocera. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 47: 342-354 pls 28-30 [349].
Type data:
Syntype(s) SAMA I14428 ♂ ♀, Groote Eylandt, Bickerton Is. and Darwin, NT (listed in original description); AM KL20881 1♂ 2♀
Comment: Tindale in the original description mentioned 12 males and 31 females, but referred to types ambiguously, probably meaning a type male and a type female, but possibly meaning all syntypes; here the latter, most inclusive, view is taken; Peters, J.V. 1971. A Catalogue of the Type Specimens of the Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera) in the Australian Museum. Greenwich, NSW : Australian Entomological Press 36 pp. [24] (listed three 'cotypes' in the AM, presumably syntypes later given to the AM by Tindale); Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [401] (referred to a type male in AM which defined a single specimen); Edwards, E.D., Newland, J. & Regan, L. 2001. Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea. In Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 31.6. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia. x 615 pp. (in view of the doubt in interpreting Tindale's 'types', the specimen referred to by Parsons (1998) may not have been a syntype and it is not interpreted as a lectotype here).Type locality references:
Peters, J.V. 1971. A Catalogue of the Type Specimens of the Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera) in the Australian Museum. Greenwich, NSW : Australian Entomological Press 36 pp.; Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp.; Edwards, E.D., Newland, J. & Regan, L. 2001. Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea. In Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 31.6. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia. x 615 pp.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Waterhouse, G.A. & Lyell, G. 1914. The Butterflies of Australia: a monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera introducing a complete scheme of structural classification, and giving descriptions and illustrations of all the butterflies found in Australia, including a number now recorded for the first time. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 239 pp. 38 pls + 3 unnumbered colour pls. [Date published 25 July 1914] [131]
- Lambkin, T.A. 2006. Clinal variation in female Hypolycaena phorbas phorbas (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and revision of the status of H. p. ingura Tindale. Australian Entomologist 33: 81–92 (synonymy of Hypolycaena phorbas ingura)
Distribution
States
Queensland
Extra Distribution Information
Occurs from Torres Strait islands (Common and widespread) to Tannum Sands 20 km SE of Gladstone, QLD, and in Yampi Sound, the Mitchell Plateau, WA, and in the northern NT, including Melville and Rimbija Ils, Groote Eylandt and other offshore islands.
Australian Endemic.
IBRA
Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Distribution References
Ecological Descriptors
Larva: herbivore.
General References
Moss, J.T.St.L. 1989. Observations of Hypolycaena phorbas phorbas (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) on Carlisle Island, Queensland. Australian Entomological Magazine 16: 85-86 [85]
Waterhouse, G.A. 1932. What Butterfly is That? A Guide to the Butterflies of Australia. Illustrated by Neville Cayley. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 291 pp. 34 pls. [Date published 15/Dec/1932] [194]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 06-Sep-2017 | LYCAENIDAE | 18-Aug-2015 | MODIFIED | Dr Federica Turco (QM) |
| 05-Mar-2013 | 05-Mar-2013 | MODIFIED | ||
| 30-Mar-2012 | 30-Mar-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 28-Mar-2012 | 28-Mar-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |