Subspecies Hypochrysops apelles apelles (Fabricius, 1775)
Copper Jewel
- Papilio apelles Fabricius, J.C. 1775. Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig] : Kortii xxxii 832 pp. [Date published 17 April] [524].
Type data:
Holotype BMNH ♂, Cooktown, QLD (Nova Hollandia given in original description)
Comment: Fabricius in the original description did not indicate the number of specimens described, type was described from the Banks collection; Druce, H.H. 1891. A monograph of the Lycaenid genus Hypochrysops, with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1891(2): 179–195 [187] (referred to a type); Zimsen, E. 1964. The Type Material of I.C. Fabricius. Copenhagen : Munksgaard 656 pp. [518] (listed a single specimen in the Banks collection and this is accepted as evidence for a holotype); Sands, D.P.A. 1986. A revision of the genus Hypochrysops C. & R. Felder. Entomonograph 7: 1–116 [68] (referred to a holotype and gave type information); Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [354] (referred to a holotype).Type locality references:
Druce, H.H. 1891. A monograph of the Lycaenid genus Hypochrysops, with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1891(2): 179-195; Watkins, H.T.G. 1923. Notes on the butterflies of the Banks Collection. The Entomologist 56: 204-209 [205] (considered that almost all of the butterflies taken on Cooks first voyage from Australia were from Endeavour River, QLD); Waterhouse, G.A. 1937. Presidential address: The biology and taxonomy of the Australasian butterflies. Report of the Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science 23: 101-133 [also issued as a repaginated separate in 1938] [101] (stated that almost all of the butterflies taken on Cook's first voyage from Australia came from Cooktown, QLD); Zimsen, E. 1964. The Type Material of I.C. Fabricius. Copenhagen : Munksgaard 656 pp.; Sands, D.P.A. 1986. A revision of the genus Hypochrysops C. & R. Felder. Entomonograph 7: 1-116; Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp.
Distribution
States
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland
Extra Distribution Information
Known in Australia from the Torres Strait Ils (common along mangrove margins) and Cape York, south to Port Macquarie, NSW, and from Casuarina Beach, Darwin, NT; extralimital distribution—Indonesia (Aru Islands, Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea.
IBRA
NSW, NT, Qld: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), NSW North Coast (NNC), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Distribution References
Ecological Descriptors
Larva: herbivore.
General References
Common, I.F.B. & Waterhouse, D.F. 1981. Butterflies of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xiv 682 pp. 49 pls. [456] (distribution, identification, life history as Hypochrysops apelles apelles (Fabricius, 1775))
Dunn, K.L. & Dunn, L.E. 1991. Review of Australian Butterflies: distribution, life history and taxonomy. Family Lycaenidae. Melbourne : K. & L. Dunn Vol. 3 336-512 pp. [352] (distribution, life history and ecology)
Felder, C. & Felder, R. 1860. Lepidopterologische Fragmente. VI. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift 4: 225-251 [243] (new combination as Hypochrysops apelles (Fabricius, 1775))
Sands, D.P.A. 1986. A revision of the genus Hypochrysops C. & R. Felder. Entomonograph 7: 1-116 [67] (taxonomy, life history)
Sands, D.P.A. 1999. The Jewels, Hypochrysops species (Lycaenidae). pp. 261-277 in Kitching, R.L., Scheermeyer, E., Jones, R.L. & Pierce, N.E. (eds). Biology of Australian Butterflies. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing xvi 395 pp. [268]
Sands, D.P.A. & Fenner, T.L. 1978. New butterfly records from the New Guinea Region. Australian Entomological Magazine 4(6): 101-108 [105] (Papua New Guinea localities)
Waterhouse, G.A. 1903. Notes on Australian Rhopalocera: Lycaenidae. Part III—Revisional. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 28(1): 132-275, pls 1-3 [162] (taxonomy, as Miletus apelles (Fabricius, 1775))
Waterhouse, G.A. & Lyell, G. 1914. The Butterflies of Australia: a monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera introducing a complete scheme of structural classification, and giving descriptions and illustrations of all the butterflies found in Australia, including a number now recorded for the first time. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 239 pp. 38 pls + 3 unnumbered colour pls. [Date published 25 July 1914] [87] (taxonomy)
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 06-Sep-2017 | LYCAENIDAE | 18-Aug-2015 | MODIFIED | Dr Federica Turco (QM) |
| 05-Mar-2013 | 05-Mar-2013 | MODIFIED | ||
| 30-Mar-2012 | 30-Mar-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 28-Mar-2012 | 28-Mar-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |