Subgenus Hyalonema (Cyliconema) Ijima, 1927
- Cyliconema Ijima, I. 1927. The Hexactinellida of the Siboga Expedition. 1-383 26 pls in Weber, M.W.C. (ed.). Siboga-Expeditie, livr. 106, monogr. 6. Leiden : J.E. Brill. [51] [originally proposed as a subgenus of Hyalonema Gray, 1835].
Type species:
Hyalonema apertum Schulze, 1886 by original designation.
Distribution
Extra Distribution Information
N and central Atlantic, Indian Ocean, S Africa, Indo-Malayan region, Japan, NW, N and S Pacific.
IMCRA
Northeast Province (18), Northeast Transition (19), Timor Province (2), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Northwest Transition (3), Northwest Province (4)
Distribution References
- Ijima, I. 1927. The Hexactinellida of the Siboga Expedition. 1-383 26 pls in Weber, M.W.C. (ed.). Siboga-Expeditie, livr. 106, monogr. 6. Leiden : J.E. Brill. [365]
- Koltun, V.M. 1967. The Hyalospongiae of the northern and far-eastern seas of the U.S.S.R. pp. 1-126 in, Keys to the Fauna of the U.S.S.R. Vol. 94 Published by the Zoological Institute, Akademia Nauk SSSR Moscow : Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka'. [in Russian] [23, 24]
- Lévi, C. 1964. Spongiaires des zones bathyale, abyssale et hadale. 63-112 pls 2-11 in Wolff, T. (ed.). Galathea Report. Scientific results of the Danish Deep-Sea Expedition Round the World, 1950–1952. Copenhagen : Danish Science Press Vol. 7. [108]
- Okada, Y. 1932. Report on the hexactinellid sponges collected by the United States Fisheries steamer Albatross in the north-western Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 2935 81: 1-118 pls 1-6 [19]
- Topsent, E. 1928. Spongiaires de l'Atlantique et de la Méditerranée provenant des croisières du Prince Albert Ier de Monaco. Résultats des Campagnes Scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco 74: 1-376 11 pls [97]
Diagnosis
The body varies from ovoid (in small specimens) to invertedconical, funnel-like, cup-like or is combined from two cones fused to each other by their base. The atrial cavity, the apical cone and septes dividing the atrial cavity into several (often 4) parts may be present. Oscular sieve-plate is absent. The choanosomal spicules are diactines often together with hexactines. Ambuncinates are absent. Pleuralia lateralia are pinular diactines. Basalia are fourtoothed anchors. Acanthophores vary from hexactines to diactines. Dermalia, atrialia and canalaria are pinular pentactines rarely hexactines. The pinular ray is whip-like (in one species spindle-like) with short spines, rhachis thickest at base. Hypodermalia and hypoatrialia are pentactines. Amphidiscs are represented by three, sometimes two kinds. Macramphidiscs have umbels, usually about 1/2–1/7 (rarely up to 1/13) as long, and about 1/1.5–1/6 as broad, as the length of the whole spicule. Microhexactines predominate their rare deviates: pentactines and stauractines.
ID Keys
See Family Hyalonematidae Diagnosis
Diagnosis References
Tabachnick, K. & Menshenina, L. L. 2002. Family Hyalonematidae Gray, 1857. pp. 1232-1263 in Hooper, J.N.A. & Soest, R.W.M. Van (eds). Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers Vol. 2. [1240]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29-Mar-2018 | 28-Feb-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 29-Mar-2018 | 15-Apr-2011 | MOVED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |