Species Howardia biclavis (Comstock, 1883)
- Chionaspis biclavis Comstock, J.H. 1883. Second report on scale insects, including a monograph of the sub-family Diaspidinae of the family Coccidae and a list, with notes of the other species of scale insects found in North America. Cornell University Agricultural Experimental Station, Department of Entomology Report 2: 47-142 [98-100] [illustration].
Type data:
Syntype(s) USNM No. 795, Washington D.C.Type host:
Diospyros ebenum J. König Ex Retz. [EBENACEAE] (and Ficus laurifolia, Tamarindus sp.)
Distribution
States
Queensland
Extra Distribution Information
Brisbane; Cleveland; Kuranda; Mareeba; Ormiston; Rockhampton; Southedge; Victoria Pt; South Pacific; West Indies.
IBRA
Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)
Ecological Descriptors
Sap-feeder (associated flora: Annona squamosa L. [ANNONACEAE] Sugar Apple; Coffea arabica L. [RUBIACEAE] apple; Litchi chinensis Sonn. [SAPINDACEAE] lychee; Annona sp. [ANNONACEAE]; Ficus carica L. [MORACEAE]; Ochna sp. [OCHNACEAE]; Wisteria chinensis DC. [FABACEAE]; Persea americana Miller [LAURACEAE]; Malus sylvestris Mill. [ROSACEAE]; Ligustrum sp. [OLEACEAE]).
General References
Beardsley, J.W. 1966. Insects of Micronesia. Homoptera: Coccoidea. Insects of Micronesia 6: 377-562 [533] (as Howardia bivlavis)
Brimblecombe, A.R. 1962. Studies of the Coccoidea. 12. Species occurring on deciduous fruit and nut trees in Queensland. Queensland Journal of Agricultural Science 19: 219-229 [223] (as Howardia biclavis)
Fernald, M.E. 1903. A catalogue of the Coccidae of the world. Bulletin of the Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College 88: 1-360 [227] (as Howardia biclavis)
Green, E.E. 1896. Catalogue of Coccidae collected in Ceylon. Indian Museum Notes 4: 2-10 [2] (as Chionaspis biclavis)
Houser, J.S. 1918. The Coccidae of Cuba. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 11: 157-172 [160-161] (as Howardia biclavis)
Howell, J.O., Beshear, R.J. & Tippins, H.H. 1986. Description of first instars of type-species of the nominal genera of three subtribes of the Diaspidini. Journal of Entomological Science 21(1): 1-9 [1-3] (as Howardia biclavis; first stage—description, illustration)
Kuwana, I. 1926. The diaspine Coccidae of Japan, IV. Genera Cryptoparlatoria, Howardia, Sasakiaspis, Diaspis, Aulacaspis, Pinnaspis and Prontaspis. Imperial Plant Quarantine Service Technical Bulletin 4: 1-44, 12 pls, 1 fig. [4-6] (as Howardia biclavis; description; illustration)
MacGillivray, A.D. 1921. The Coccidae. Tables for the identification of the subfamilies and some of the more important genera and species together with discussions of their anatomy and life history. Urbana, Illinois : Scarab Company vi 502 pp. [362-363] (as Howardia biclavis)
Takagi, S. 1970. Diaspididae of Taiwan based on material collected in connection with the Japan-U.S. Co-operative Science Programme, 1965 (Homoptera: Coccoidea) Part 2. Insecta Matsumurana 33: 1-146 [32] (as Howardia biclavis; description)
Williams, D.J. & Watson, G.W. 1988. The Scale Insects of the Tropical South Pacific Region. Part 1. The armoured scales (Diaspididae). London : CAB International Institute of Entomology 290 pp. [137-140] (as Howardia biclavis)
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05-Jun-2024 | COCCOIDEA | 05-Jun-2024 | MODIFIED | Dr Vivian Sandoval (ABRS) |
| 05-Jun-2024 | DIASPIDIDAE | 29-May-2023 | MODIFIED | |
| 29-Mar-2018 | COCCOIDEA | 05-Jun-2024 | MODIFIED | |
| 29-Mar-2018 | DIASPIDIDAE | 05-Jun-2024 | MODIFIED | |
| 29-Mar-2018 | 05-Jun-2024 | MODIFIED | ||
| 21-Nov-2012 | 05-Jun-2024 | MODIFIED | ||
| 29-Jun-2012 | 05-Jun-2024 | MODIFIED | ||
| 05-Jun-2024 | MODIFIED |