Genus Hadronyche L. Koch, 1873
Australian Funnel-web Spider
- Hadronyche Koch, L. 1873. Die Arachniden Australiens, nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet. Nürnberg : Bauer & Raspe Vol. 1(8-9) 369-472 pp. [463].
Type species:
Hadronyche cerberea L. Koch, 1873 by monotypy. - Styphlopis Rainbow, W.J. 1913. Arachnida from the Solomon Islands. Records of the Australian Museum 10: 1-16 [5 fig 2].
Type species:
Styphlops insularis Rainbow, 1913 by monotypy. - Pseudatrax Rainbow, W.J. 1914. Studies in Australian Araneidae. No. 6. The Terretelariae. Records of the Australian Museum 10: 187-270 [15 Aug. 1914] [260-261 fig 67].
Type species:
Pseudatrax moreaui Rainbow, 1914 by monotypy. - Anepsiada Rainbow, W.J. & Pulleine, R.H. 1918. Australian trap-door spiders. Records of the Australian Museum 12: 81-169 [24 Dec. 1918] [167].
Type species:
Anepsiada ventricosa Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918 by monotypy.
Introduction
The genus Hadronyche is included in the subfamily Atracinae Hogg, along with the genera Atrax O.P.-Cambridge and Illawarra Gray. The 31 species of Hadronyche are placed into four species groups by Gray (2010): the lamingtonensis group; the adelaidensis group; the infensa group; and the cerberea group.
The species included in each group are as follows:
lamingtonensis group: H. lamingtonensis Gray, H. annachristiae Gray, H. raveni Gray, H. monteithi Gray, H. anzses Raven.
adelaidensis group: H. adelaidensis (Gray), H. flindersi (Gray), H. eyrei (Gray).
infensa group: H. infensa (Hickman), H. valida (Rainbow & Pulleine), H. orana Gray, H. lynabrae Gray, H. macquariensis Gray, H. levittgreggae Gray, H. kaputarensis Gray, H. walkeri Gray.
cerberea group: H. versuta (Rainbow), H. formidabilis (Rainbow), H. venenata (Hickman), H. cerberea L. Koch, H. modesta (Simon), H. meridiana Hogg, H. pulvinator (Hickman), H. marracoonda Gray, H. jensenae Gray, H. tambo Gray, H. monaro Gray, H. emmalizae Gray, H. alpina Gray, H. nimoola Gray, H. mascordi Gray.
Hadronyche can be distinguished from the other atracine genera by possession of a combination of: unmodified tibia II or with rounded apophysis or swelling (males only); frontally broad, moderately to strongly raised caput; and robust paturons. Some species have a long labium (not found in other atracine genera).
Most species for which habits are known are ground burrow dwellers that use trip-lines; some species make burrows in rot or borer holes in standing trees. Burrows of adult and sub-adult spiders in the adelaidensis group include a side chamber with soil door. The genus Hadronyche is found in eastern Australia from northeast Queensland to Tasmania and in the Gulf region of South Australia.
Distribution
States
Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
Extra Distribution Information
Old records from Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands are considered doubtful and the taxa involved are listed as nomen dubia (Gray, 2010)
IBRA
ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Ben Lomond (BEL), Tasmanian South East (TSE) ; ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Victorian Midlands (VM), Wet Tropics (WT) ; ACT, NSW, Vic: NSW South Western Slopes (NSS) ; NSW, Qld: Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Nandewar (NAN) ; NSW, Vic: Riverina (RIV) ; Tas: Flinders (FLI)
Distribution References
- Gray, M.R. 2010. A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae). Records of the Australian Museum 62(2 & 3): 285-392 [Date published 24 November 2010]
- Rainbow, W.J. 1920. Trapdoor spiders of the Chevert Expedition. Records of the Australian Museum 13: 77-85 [4 Dec. 1920] [84] (probable error in locality)
General References
Gray, M.R. 2010. A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae). Records of the Australian Museum 62(2 & 3): 285-392 [Date published 24 November 2010]
Whitington, P. & Harris, K. 2021. A New Species of Australian Funnel-web Spider (Mygalomorphae, Atracidae, Hadronyche) Redefines the Family Atracidae. Records of the Australian Museum 73(4): 115-122 [116]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15-Oct-2020 | 29-Jun-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 15-Oct-2020 | 17-May-2011 | MODIFIED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |