Family EXOEDICEROTIDAE Barnard & Drummond, 1982

Notoediceros tasmaniensis

© Copyright from Barnard & Drummond 1984: fig. 1.

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Introduction

The family Exoedicerotidae was established by Barnard and Drummond (1982) for oedicerotid-like taxa with apical robust setae on the rami of uropods 1 and 2. They usually have lateral non-coalesced eyes. The mainly Southern Hemisphere family comprises 12 genera and 20 species. Seven genera are monotypic and none has more than three species. Most species are shallow-water inhabitants of beaches and none occurs deeper than about 300 m. Dexter (1983, 1984) and Jones et al. (1991) studied the ecology of beach-dwelling species of Exoediceroides in south-eastern Australia. Dexter (1985) also studied the distribution and life history of several of these species. Fenwick (1985) studied the life history of the New Zealand species Patuki roperi. A key to all genera can be found in Barnard and Karaman (1991).

Diagnosis

Head as long as deep or longer than deep; anteroventral margin oblique and not excavate; anteroventral corner absent; rostrum short, moderate or long; eyes well developed or obsolescent; round, ovoid or reniform. Body laterally compressed; smooth. Antenna 1 shorter than or subequal to antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter or longer than article 1; accessory flagellum present or absent; primary flagellum 5- or more articulate; callynophore present or absent. Antenna 2 short or medium length; flagellum shorter than, as long as or longer than peduncle; 5- or more articulate; calceoli present or absent. Mandible incisor dentate; molar fully triturating; palp present or absent. Maxilla 1 inner plate strongly setose along medial margin or weakly setose apically. Maxilliped inner plates well developed; outer plates small. Coxae 1–4 longer than broad, overlapping. Coxae 1–3 with none vestigial or reduced or with coxa 1 reduced. Gnathopod 1 sexually dimorphic; subequal to gnathopod 2; simple or subchelate; coxa smaller than or subequal to coxa 2; carpus shorter than, subequal to, or longer than propodus, slightly or not produced along posterior margin of propodus. Gnathopod 2 sexually dimorphic; simple or subchelate; coxa smaller than or subequal to but not hidden by coxa 3; ischium short; carpus short or long, shorter than, subequal to, or longer than propodus, slightly or not produced along posterior margin of propodus. Pereopod 3 coxa longer than broad; carpus longer than propodus, not produced; dactylus minute or absent. Pereopod 4 coxa larger than coxa 3, with well-developed or without posteroventral lobe; carpus longer than propodus, not produced; dactylus minute or absent. Pereopods 5–7 with many rows of facial and marginal robust setae or with many marginal slender setae and few or no robust setae. Pereopod 5 subequal to pereopod 6; coxa subequal to coxa 4, without posterior lobe; basis expanded, without posteroventral lobe; carpus weakly expanded; dactylus minute or absent. Pereopod 6 shorter than pereopod 7; basis expanded. Pereopod 7 immensely long; different in structure to pereopod 6; basis expanded. Uropods 1–2 apices of rami with robust setae. Uropod 3 biramous, uniramous or rami absent; peduncle short or long; rami lanceolate; outer ramus subequal to peduncle; inner ramus apically setose. Telson laminar or thickened dorsoventrally; entire; as long as broad or broader than long; apical robust setae present or absent.

General References

Barnard, J.L. 1954. Amphipoda of the family Ampeliscidae collected by the Velero III in the Caribbean Sea. Allan Hancock Atlantic Expedition Report 7: 1-13

Barnard, J.L. & Drummond, M.M. 1982. Redescription of Exoediceros fossor (Stimpson, 1856) an Australian marine fossorial amphipod, the type-genus of the new family Exoedicerotidae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 95(3): 610-620

Barnard, J.L. & Drummond, M.M. 1984. Redescription of Notoediceros tasmaniensis Bousfield and a note on the synonymy of Warreyus Barnard & Drummond with Exoediceroides Bousfield (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Exoedicerotidae). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 96(1): 25-32

Barnard, J.L. & Karaman, G.S. 1991. The families and genera of marine gammaridean Amphipoda (except marine gammaroids). Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 13: 1-866

Dexter, D.M. 1983. Community structure of intertidal sandy beaches in New South Wales, Australia. pp. 461-472 in McLachlan, A. & Erasmus, T. (eds). Sandy Beaches as Ecosystems. The Hague : W. Junk.

Dexter, D.M. 1984. Temporal and spatial variability in the community structure of the fauna of four sandy beaches in south-eastern New South Wales. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 35: 663-672

Dexter, D.M. 1985. Distribution and life histories of abundant crustaceans of four sandy beaches of south-eastern New South Wales. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 36: 281-289

Fenwick, G.D. 1985. Life-histories of four co-occurring amphipods from a shallow, sand bottom at Kaikoura, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 12: 71-105

Jones, A.R., Murray, A. & Marsh, R.E. 1991. Patterns of abundance of exoedicerotid amphipods on sandy beaches near Sydney, Australia. pp. 119-126 in Watling, L. Proceedings of the VIIth International Colloquium on Amphipoda held in Walpole, Maine, USA, 14–16 September 1990. Hydrobiologia 223: i-viii, 1-299

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