Species Badamia exclamationis (Fabricius, 1775)
Brown Awl, Narrow-winged Awl
- Papilio exclamationis Fabricius, J.C. 1775. Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig] : Kortii xxxii 832 pp. [Date published 17 April] [530].
Type data:
Holotype ZMK ♂, India (designated in original description)
Comment: Fabricius in the original description did not indicate the number of specimens described; Bridges, C.A. 1988. Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Notes on Species-Group Names. Urbana, Illinois : Charles A. Bridges 205 pp. [41] (type information); Zimsen, E. 1964. The Type Material of I.C. Fabricius. Copenhagen : Munksgaard 656 pp. [518] (indicated that Fabricius had a single specimen); Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [142] (type information). - Papilio ladon Cramer, P. 1780. Uitlandsche Kapellen. [Dutch title] or Papilions exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amérique. [French title]. Amsterdam Baalde and Utrecht : Wild Vol. 3 (22–24) pp. 105-176 pls 253-288. [issued 1780, dated 1775-1790; written by Cramer, published posthumously by Stoll] [164 pl. 284 fig. G] [a junior primary homonym of Papilio ladon Cramer [1780] (Lycaenidae)].
Type data:
Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown ♀, Coromandel, India (designated in original description)
Comment: Cramer in the original description did not indicate number of specimens described; Evans, W.H. 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia and Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). London : British Museum xix 502 pp. 53 pls [72] (type specimen information). - Hesperia ericus Fabricius, J.C. 1798. Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Hafniae : Proft et Storch ii 573 pp. [432] [junior primary homonym of Hesperia ericus Fabricius, 1793 (Lepidoptera)].
Type data:
Syntype(s) ZMK ♂, India (as India orientali in original description)
Comment: Fabricius in the original description did not indicate the number of specimens described; Zimsen, E. 1964. The Type Material of I.C. Fabricius. Copenhagen : Munksgaard 656 pp. [582] (gave type specimen information that indicated that Fabricius may have had several specimens). - Calpodes forulus Hübner, J. 1819 [1816–1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge. Augsburg, Germany : Jacob Hübner 17-176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] [107] [replacement name for Papilio ladon Cramer, [1780] (Hesperiidae); Hübner recognised Papilio ladon Cramer, [1780] (Hesperiidae), described on p. 164 of Cramer, P. 1780. Uitlandsche Kapellen. [Dutch title] or Papilions exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amérique. [French title]. Amsterdam Baalde and Utrecht : Wild Vol. 3 (22–24) pp. 105–176 pls 253–288 [issued 1780, dated 1775-1790; written by Cramer, published posthumously by Stoll], as a junior primary homonym of Papilio ladon Cramer, [1780] (Lycaenidae), described in the same publication on p. 141, and referred only to Cramer's figure of Papilio ladon].
Type data:
Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown ♀ (data as for P. ladon Cramer), Coromandel coast, India. - Ismene thymbron Felder, C. 1860. Lepidopterorum Amboinensium species novae diagnosibus collustratae. I. Rhopalocera. pp. 448-468 in Frauenfeld, G.R. (ed.). Diagnosen einiger neuer Insecten und Untersuchung mehrerer Sandproben verschiedener Küstenpunkte gesammelt während der Reise Sr. Mag. Fregatte Novara. Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien 40(11): 447-468 [461].
Type data:
Lectotype BMNH ♂, Ambon (as Amboina), Maluku, Indonesia (designated in original description)
Comment: Felder in the original description did not indicate the number of specimens described.Subsequent designation references:
Evans, W.H. 1949. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia and Australia in the British Museum (Natural History). London : British Museum xix 502 pp. 53 pls. [72] (referred to a type); Edwards, E.D., Newland, J. & Regan, L. 2001. Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea. In Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 31.6. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia. x 615 pp. (interpret Evans' (1949) reference to a type as a lectotype designation (Art. 74, ICZN 1985)).
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
Distribution
States
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
From North West Cape 1000 km SW of Broome, WA, north-east to Darwin, south to Victoria River Downs, east to Rimbija Is. and Groote Eylandt, NT, Torres Strait Ils, Cape York south to Stanwell Park, NSW, central QLD inland to Mt Moffatt and Selwyn, rarely south to Sydney and far E VIC; Lane & Moulds (2015: 33) record it for Hammond Island, Torres Strait
IBRA
NSW, NT, Qld, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), NSW North Coast (NNC), Pine Creek (PCK), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Distribution References
Ecological Descriptors
Larva: herbivore (associated flora: Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre [FABACEAE] Pongamia Tree; Ryssopterys timoriensis (DC.) A.Juss. [MALPIGHIACEAE]; Terminalia sericocarpa F.Muell. [COMBRETACEAE]; Terminalia oblongata F.Muell. [COMBRETACEAE]; Terminalia catappa L. [COMBRETACEAE]).
Extra Ecological Information
Eggs are laid singly on young shoots of food plant, larva loosely folds leaf of food plant to build silk-lined shelter, sometimes larvae are so abundant that host plant is completely defoliated, pupa usually in last larval shelter, but if host is defoliated pupa often found in exposed situations nearby, adult flies very rapidly in a darting manner, very mobile migratory species, in QLD migratory flights occur in a southerly direction early to mid-summer with mass movements of the next generation in the reverse direction in late summer, recorded throughout the year.
General References
Burns, A.N. 1933. The migratory skipper (Badhamia exclamationis Fabr.). Victorian Naturalist 49(9): 225-228 [225] (biology, incorrect subsequent spelling as Badhamia)
Common, I.F.B. & Waterhouse, D.F. 1981. Butterflies of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xiv 682 pp. 49 pls. [92] (biology)
Meyrick, E. & Lower, O. 1902. Revision of the Australian Hesperiadae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 26(2): 38-129 [120] (description)
Smithers, C.N. 1978. Migration records in Australia. 2. Hesperiidae and Papilionidae (Lepidoptera). Australian Entomological Magazine 5(1): 11-14 [11]
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 07-Mar-2024 | PAPILIONOIDEA | 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | Dr Michael Braby |
| 04-Feb-2023 | PAPILIONOIDEA | 22-Dec-2023 | MODIFIED | Dr Michael Braby (ANU) |
| 13-May-2022 | PAPILIONOIDEA | 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | Dr Michael Braby |
| 26-Feb-2021 | PAPILIONOIDEA | 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | Dr Michael Braby |
| 04-Jun-2020 | PAPILIONOIDEA | 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | Dr Michael Braby |
| 06-Sep-2017 | PAPILIONOIDEA | 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | |
| 06-Sep-2017 | HESPERIIDAE | 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | Lyn Randall |
| 05-Mar-2013 | 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | ||
| 05-Mar-2013 | 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED | ||
| 07-Mar-2024 | MODIFIED |