Species Aedes (Halaedes) australis (Erichson, 1842)

Museums

Regional Maps

• Culex australis Erichson, W.F. 1842. Beitrag zur Insecten-fauna von Vandiemensland, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der geographischen Verbreitung der Insecten. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 8(1): 83-287, pls 4, 5 [270].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ZMB 5986 ♂ adult, TAS (as Terr. Van Diem. = Vandiemensland).
  Paralectotype(s) ZMB 2♀ adults.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Mattingly, P.F. 1956. Lectotypes of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the British Museum. Part I. Genera Aedes (Subgenus Pseudoskusea), Armigeres and Eretmapodites. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (A) 31: 25-33 [25].

  Type locality references:

  Mattingly, P.F. 1956. Lectotypes of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the British Museum. Part I. Genera Aedes (Subgenus Pseudoskusea), Armigeres and Eretmapodites. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (A) 31: 25-33 [25].
• Culex crucians Walker, F. 1856. Diptera. Part V. pp. 415–474 in, Insecta Saundersiana: or characters of undescribed insects in the collection of William Wilson Saunders, Esq., F.R.S., F.L.S., & c. London : Van Voorst Vol. 1. 474 pp. [432].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH ♀ adult, TAS (as Van Diemen's Land).
• Culicada tasmaniensis Strickland, E.H. 1911. Some new Culicidae from Western Australia, South Queensland, and Tasmania. New species from South Queensland; and new species found in a small collection of mosquitoes from Tasmania. The Entomologist 44: 179-182 [181].

  Type data:

   Lectotype BMNH ♂ adult, TAS.
  Paralectotype(s) BMNH 2♀ adults.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Belkin, J.N. 1962. The Mosquitoes of the South Pacific (Diptera, Culicidae). Berkeley & Los Angeles, USA : Univ. Calif. Press Vol. 1. [329].
• Caenocephalus concolor Taylor, F.H. 1914. The Culicidae of Australia.—I. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 1913: 683-708 [700].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ANIC ♂ ♀ adults (number of specimens not stated in original description), Cronulla, NSW.

 

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Lee, D.J., Hicks, M.M., Griffiths, M., Russell, R.C. & Marks, E.N. 1984. The Culicidae of the Australasian Region. Nomenclature, synonymy, literature, distribution, biology and relation to disease. Genus Aedes. Subgenera Geoskusea, Halaedes, Huaedes, Leptosomatomyia, Levua, Lorrainea, Macleaya, Mucidus, Neomelaniconion, Nothoskusea, Ochlerotatus, Paraedes, Pseudoskusea, Rhinoskusea. Commonwealth Institute of Health. School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. Monograph Series. Entomology Monograph No. 2. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 3 257 pp. [21] (details of each taxonomic decision for synonymy)

 

Generic Combinations

• Aedes (Halaedes) australis (Erichson, 1842). —
  Belkin, J.N. 1962. The Mosquitoes of the South Pacific (Diptera, Culicidae). Berkeley & Los Angeles, USA : Univ. Calif. Press Vol. 1. [209]
  Wilkerson, R.C., Linton, Y-M., Fonseca, D.M., Schultz, T.R., Price, D.C., & Strickman, D.A. 2015. Making mosquito taxonomy useful: a stable classification of tribe Aedini that balances utility with current knowledge of evolutionary relationships. PLoS ONE (Public Library of Science) 10(7): e0133602 [appendix S1]
• Halaedes australis (Erichson, 1842). —
  Reinert, J.F., Harbach, R.E. & Kitching, I.J. 2004. Phylogeny and classification of Aedini (Diptera: Culicidae), based on morphological characters of all life stages. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 142: 289-368 [359]

 

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

ACT and Murray-Darling basin distribution given by Evenhuis, N.L. & Gon, S.M. III 1989. 22. Family Culicidae. pp. 191–218 in Evenhuis, N.L. (ed). Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian Oceanian Region. Honolulu : Bishop Museum Press; Leiden : E.J. Brill 1155 pp. [198] seems unlikely in a marine breeding mosquito.

IBRA and IMCRA regions

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Flinders (FLI), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Jarrah Forest (JF), King (KIN), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

IMCRA

Lord Howe Province (14), Norfolk Island Province (21)

Other Regions

Lord Howe Island terrestrial & freshwater, Norfolk Island terrestrial & freshwater

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Adult: pest, volant.

Larva: aquatic, intertidal.

Coastal.

Extra Ecological Information

Adult occasionally bite humans near larval habitats; local pest in eastern Tasmania; experimental vector of Whataroa virus; laboratory vector for canine heartworm (Dirofilaria sp.) and Ross River virus; development of Plasmodium cathemerium-relictum larvae in a sparrow; for extensive biological information see Lee et al. 1982 [26]; larva found in rock pools above high tide level on coastal rock platforms.

 

General References

Cooling, L.E. 1924. A synonymic list of the more important species of Culicidae of the Australian Region. Service Publication Department of Health Australian Tropical Division 2: 1-61 [20] (this reference cited in Lee et al. (1982: 189))

Lee, D.J., Hicks, M.M., Griffiths, M., Russell, R.C. & Marks, E.N. 1984. The Culicidae of the Australasian Region. Nomenclature, synonymy, literature, distribution, biology and relation to disease. Genus Aedes. Subgenera Geoskusea, Halaedes, Huaedes, Leptosomatomyia, Levua, Lorrainea, Macleaya, Mucidus, Neomelaniconion, Nothoskusea, Ochlerotatus, Paraedes, Pseudoskusea, Rhinoskusea. Commonwealth Institute of Health. School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. Monograph Series. Entomology Monograph No. 2. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service Vol. 3 257 pp. [21] (literature, distribution, biology)

Reinert, J.F. & Harbach, R.E. 2005. Generic and subgeneric status of aedine mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae: Aedini) occurring in the Australasian region. Zootaxa 887: 1-10

Russell, R.C. 1993. Mosquitoes and Mosquito-borne Disease in Southeastern Australia. A guide to the biology, relation to disease, surveillance, control and the identification of mosquitoes in southeastern Australia. New South Wales : Published privately by Department of Medical Entomology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead 195 pp. [10.22] (biology)

Russell, R.C. 2009. Mosquito name changes: 'An Aedes by any other name will bite as bad!'. Mosquito Bites 1: 37-40 (gives pros and cons for accepting recommendations of Reinert & Harbach (1005) for changes; advocates retaining australis in Aedes for stability)

 

History of changes

Published	As part of group	Action Date	Action Type	Compiler(s)
21-Sep-2016	AEDINI	16-Jun-2016	MODIFIED
20-Apr-2012		20-Apr-2012	MODIFIED
		12-Feb-2010	(import)