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CAVS: 1162

Species Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817)

Koala

Generic Combinations

  • Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817).

 

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria


Extra Distribution Information

Reintroduced to Adelaide area and Kangaroo Is., SA and introduced at Yanchep, WA.


IBRA and IMCRA regions (map not available)

IBRA

ACT, NSW, Qld, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Flinders (FLI), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Folivore, nocturnal, open forest, sedentary, subtropical, tall open forest.

 

General References

Baker, M.L., Canfield, P.J., Gemmell, R.T., Spencer, P.B.S. & Agar, N.S. 1995. Erythrocyte metabolism in the koala, the common brushtail possum and the whiptail wallaby. Comparative Haematology International 5: 163-169

Bergin, T.J. (ed.) 1978. The Koala. Proceedings of the Taronga Symposium on Koala biology, management and medicine, Sydney 11th and 12th March 1976. Sydney : Zoological Parks Board of N.S.W. x 239 pp.

Bush, M. Graves, J.A.M., O'Brien, S.J. & Wilde, D.E. 1990. Dissociative anaesthesia in free ranging male koalas and selected marsupials in captivity. Australian Veterinary Journal 67: 449-451

Canfield, P.J., Gee, D.R. & Wigney, D.I. 1989. Urinalysis in captive koalas. Australian Veterinary Journal 66: 376-377

Canfield, P.M., O'Neill, M.E. & Smith, E.F. 1989. Haemotological and biochemical reference values for the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Australian Veterinary Journal 66: 324-326

Cleva, G.M., Stone, G.M. & Dickens, R.K. 1994. Seasonal changes in haematocrit in captive koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). Australian Journal of Zoology 42: 233-236

Cleva, G.M., Stone, G.M. & Dickens, R.K. 1994. Variation in reproductive parameters in the captive male koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Reproduction, Fertility and Development 6: 713-720

Cocciolone, R.A. & Timms, P. 1992. DNA profiling of Queensland koalas reveals sufficient variability for individual identification and parentage determination. Wildlife Research 19: 279-287

Cork, S.J. 1986. Foliage of Eucalyptus punctata and the maintenance nitrogen requirements of koalas, Phascolarctos cinereus. Australian Journal of Zoology 34: 17-23

Cork, S.J. 1990. Digestive physiology of koalas. Proceedings of the Australian Physiological and Pharmacological Society 21: 95-104

Cork, S.J., Hume, I.D. & Dawson, T.J. 1983. Digestion and metabolism of a natural foliar diet (Eucalyptus punctata) by an arboreal marsupial, the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Journal of Comparative Physiology B 153: 181-190

Cork, S.J. & Hume, I.D. 1983. Microbial digestion in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus, Marsupialia), an arboreal folivore. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 152: 131-136

Cork, S.J. & Warner, A.C.I. 1983. The passage of digesta markers through the gut of a folivorous marsupial, the koala Phascolarctos cinereus. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 152: 43-52

Cronin, L. (ed.) 1987. Koala: Australia's endearing marsupial. French's Forest : Reed Books 135 pp.

Davidson, C.V. & Young, W.G. 1990. The muscles of mastication of Phascolarctos cinereus (Phascolarctidae: Marsupialia). Australian Journal of Zoology 38: 227-240

Degabriele, R. 1983. Nitrogen and the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): some indirect evidence. Australian Journal of Ecology 8: 75-76

de Miguel, C. & Henneberg, M. 1998. Encephalization of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus. Australian Mammalogy 20: 315-320

Ellis, W.A.H., Melzer, A., Green, B., Newgrain, K. Hindell, M.A. & Carrick, F.N. 1995. Seasonal variation in water flux, field metabolic rate and food consumption of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). Australian Journal of Zoology 43: 231-240

Ellis, W.A.H., Sullivan, B.J., Lisle, A.T. & Carrick, F.N. 1998. The spatial and temporal distribution of koala faecal pellets. Wildlife Research 25: 669-676

Ellis, W.A.H., White, N.A., Kunst, N.D. & Carrick, F.N. 1990. Response of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) to re-introduction to the wild after rehabilitation. Australian Wildlife Research 17: 421-426

Ellis, W.A.H. & Carrick, F.N. 1992. Total body water and the estimation of fat in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Australian Veterinary Journal 69: 229-231

Every, K.R. 1986. Evaluation of a decline in population of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss) in Ventnor Reserve, Phillip Is., Victoria, by means of a triple count technique. Australian Wildlife Research 13: 517-525

Faulks, J. 1991. A preliminary investigation of the distribution of koalas and their potential habitat in the Tweed Shire, and implications for management. The Australian Zoologist 27: 1-13

Gordon, G. 1991. Estimation of age of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus (Marsupialia: Phascolarctidae) from tooth wear and growth. Australian Mammalogy 14: 5-12

Gordon, G., Brown, A.S. & Pulsford, T. 1988. A koala (Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss) population crash during drought and heatwave conditions in south-western Queensland. Australian Journal of Ecology 13: 451-461

Haight, J.R. & Nelson, J.E. 1987. A brain that doesn't fit its skull: A comparative study of the brain and endocranium of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus (Marsupialia: Phascolarctidae). pp. 331-352 in Archer, M. (ed.). Possums and Opossums: studies in evolution. Sydney : Surrey Beatty & Sons with the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 2 vols lxxii 788 pp.

Hajdul, P., Copland, M.D. & Schultz, D.A. 1992. Effects of capture on haematological values and plasma cortisol levels of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 28: 502-506

Harding, H.R., Carrick, F.N. & Shorey, C.D. 1987. The affinities of the koala Phascolarctos cinereus (Marsupialia: Phascolarctidae) on the basis of sperm ultrastructure and development. pp. 353-364 in Archer, M. (ed.). Possums and Opossums: studies in evolution. Sydney : Surrey Beatty & Sons with the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 2 vols lxxii 788 pp.

Hemsley, S., Govendir, M., Canfield, P.J. & Connolly, J.H. 1998. Diabetes mellitus in a koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Australian Veterinary Journal 76: 203-208

Hindell, M.A. & Lee, A.K. 1987. Habitat use and tree preferences of koalas in a mixed eucalypt forest. Australian Wildlife Research 14: 349-360

Hindell, M.A. & Lee, A.K. 1988. Tree use by individual koalas in a natural forest. Australian Wildlife Research 15: 1-7

Hirst, L.W., Brown, A.S., Kempster, R., Hall, J. & Woolcock, J.B. 1992. Keratitis in free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) on Magnetic Island, Townsville. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 28: 424-427

Hirst, L.W., Brown, A.S., Kempster, R. & Winney, N. 1992. Opthalmic examination of the normal eye of the koala. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 28: 419-423

Houlden, B.A., England, P. & Sherwin, W.B. 1996. Paternity exclusion in koalas using hypervariable microsatellites. Journal of Heredity 87: 149-151

Houlden, B.A., England, P.R., Taylor, A.C., Greville, W.D. & Sherwin, W.B. 1996. Low genetic variability of the koala Phascolarctos cinereus in south-eastern Australia following a severe population bottleneck. Molecular Ecology 5: 269-281

Hume, I.D. & Esson, C. 1993. Nutrients, antinutrients and leaf selection by captive koalas, Phascolarctos cinereus. Australian Journal of Zoology 41: 379-392

Hyman, R. 1993. Check the fine print, mate. International Wildlife Jan-Feb 1993: 21-23 [foot prints for individual identification]

Johnston, S.D., McGowan, M.R., Carrick, F.N. & Tribe, A. 1993. Preliminary investigations into the feasibility of freezing Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) semen. Australian Veterinary Journal 70: 424-425

Kratzing, J.E. 1984. The anatomy and histology of the nasal cavity of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Journal of Anatomy 138: 55-66

Krockenberger, A.K. 1996. Composition of the milk of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, an arboreal folivore. Physiological Zoology 69: 701-718

Krockenberger, A.K., Hume, I.D. & Cork, S.J. 1998. Production of milk and nutrition of the dependent young of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). Physiological Zoology 71: 45-56

Lanyon, J.M. & Sanson, G.D. 1986. Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) dentition and nutrition. I. Morphology and occlusion of cheek teeth. Journal of Zoology, London A 209: 155-168

Lanyon, J.M. & Sanson, G.D. 1986. Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) dentition and nutrition II. Implications of tooth wear in nutrition. Journal of Zoology, London 209: 169-181

Lee, A.K. 1988. Life histories of marsupials, with particular reference to the life history of the koala. pp. 613-621 in Anon. (ed.). Australian Wildlife. The John Keep refresher course for veterinarians. Sydney : Postgraduate Committee in Veterinary Science. University of Sydney.

Lee, A.K., Handasyde, K.A. & Sanson, G.D. (eds) 1991. Biology of the koala. Chipping Norton : Surrey Beatty 336 pp. [Includes research papers on all aspects of koala biology]

Martin, R. 1989. Draft management plan for the conservation of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) in Victoria. Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Technical Report Series No 99. 64 pp.

Martin, R.W. 1985. Overbrowsing, and decline of a population of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, in Victoria I. Food preference and food tree defoliation. Australian Wildlife Research 12: 355-365

Martin, R.W. 1985. Overbrowsing, and decline of a population of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, in Victoria II. Population condition. Australian Wildlife Research 12: 367-375

Martin, R.W. 1985. Overbrowsing and decline of a population of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, in Victoria. III. Population dynamics. Australian Wildlife Research 12: 377-386

Martin, R.W. & Handasyde, K.A. 1995. Koala Phascolarctos cinereus. pp. 196-198 in Strahan, R. (ed.). The Mammals of Australia: The National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife. Sydney : Reed New Holland 756 pp.

Martin, R.W. & Lee, A. 1984. The koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, the largest marsupial folivore. pp. 463-467 in Smith, A. & Hume, I. (eds). Possums and Gliders. Sydney : Surrey Beatty & Sons, Australian Mammal Society 598 pp.

McOrist, S. & Thomas, K.W. 1984. Levels of trace elements in the liver and diet of free-living koalas, Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 20: 220-225

Melzer, A. & Lamb, D. 1994. Low density populations of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) in central Queensland. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 104: 89-93

Munks, S.A., Corkrey, R. & Foley, W.J. 1996. Characteristics of arboreal marsupial habitat in the semi-arid woodlands of Northern Queensland. Wildlife Research 23: 185-195

Nagy, K.A. & Martin, R.W. 1985. Field metabolic rate, water flux, food consumption and time budget of koalas, Phascolarctos cinereus (Marsupialia: Phascolarctidae) in Victoria. Australian Journal of Zoology 33: 655-665

Obendorf, D.L. 1983. Causes of mortality and morbidity of wild koalas, Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss), in Victoria, Australia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 19: 123-131

Osawa, R. 1993. Dietary preference of koalas Phascolarctos cinereus (Marsupialia : Phascolarctidae) for Eucalyptus spp. with a specific reference to their simple sugar contents. Australian Mammalogy 16: 85-87

Osawa, R., Bird, P.S., Habrow, D.J., Ogimoto, K. & Seymour, G.J. 1993. Microbiological studies of the intestinal microflora of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus. I. Colonisation of the caecal wall by tannin-protein-complex-degrading enterobacteria. Australian Journal of Zoology 41: 599-609

Osawa, R., Blanshard, W.H. & O'Callaghan, P.G. 1993. Microbiological studies of the intestinal microflora of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus. II. Pap, a special maternal faeces consumed by juvenile koalas. Australian Journal of Zoology 41: 611-620

Ough, K., Handasyde, K.A., Martin, R.W. & Lee, A.K. 1988. Koalas in tea-tree. Victorian Naturalist 105: 17-18

Pass, M.A. & Brown, A.S. 1991. Liver function in normal koalas and macropods. Australian Veterinary Journal 67: 151-152

Phillips, B. 1990. Koalas: The little Australians we'd hate to lose. Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service 104 pp.

Rezakhani, A., Atwell, R.B. & Webster, J.D. 1986. The electrocardiogram of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Australian Veterinary Journal 63: 264-266

Robinson, A.C., Spark, R. & Halstead, C. 1989. The distribution and management of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) in South Australia. South Australian Naturalist 64: 4-24

Short, J. & Turner, B. 1993. The distribution and abundance of the burrowing bettong (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea). Wildlife Research 20: 524-534

Smith, P. & Smith, J. 1990. Decline of the urban koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) population in Warringah Shire, Sydney. The Australian Zoologist 26: 109-129

Spencer, A.J. & Canfield, P.J. 1994. Age-related changes in the haematology of young koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) up to one year old. Comparative Haematology International 4: 146-151

Taylor, A.C., Graves, J.A.M., Murray, N.D. & Sherwin, W.B. 1991. Conservation genetics of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). 2. Limited variability in minisatellite DNA sequences. Biochemical Genetics 29: 355-364

Taylor, A.C., Graves, J.M., Murray, N.D., O'Brien, S.J., Yuhki, N. & Sherwin, B. 1997. Conservation genetics of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): Low mitochondrial DNA variation amongst southern Australian populations. Genetical Research 69: 25-33

Thomas, K.W., McOrist, S., Hudson, R.E. & McCaughan, C.J. 1986. Copper metabolism in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) as indicated by a ceruloplasmin stimulation test. Physiological Zoology 59: 29-34

Weigler, B.J., Booth, R.J., Osawa, R. & Carrick, F.N. 1987. Causes of morbidity and mortality in 75 free-ranging and captive koalas in south east Queensland, Australia. Veterinary Record 121: 571-572

Wilkinson, R., Kotlarski, I. & Barton, M. 1994. Further characterisation of the immune response of the koala. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 40: 325-339

Wilmer, J.M.W., Melzer, A., Carrick, F. & Moritz, C. 1993. Low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression in Queensland koalas. Wildlife Research 20: 177-188

Young, W.G. & Robson, S.K. 1987. Jaw movements from microwear on the molar teeth of the koala Phascolarctos cinereus. Journal of Zoology, London 213: 51-61

Zoidis, A.M. & Markowitz, H. 1992. Findings from a feeding study of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus adustus) at the San Fransisco Zoo. Zoo Biology 11: 417-432

 

History of changes

Note that this list may be incomplete for dates prior to September 2013.
Published As part of group Action Date Action Type Compiler(s)
29-Oct-2010 29-Oct-2010 MOVED
12-Feb-2010 (import)