Genus Apiomorpha Rübsaamen, 1894

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• Apiomorpha Rübsaamen, E.H. 1894. Über australische Zoocecidien und deren Erzeuger. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 39: 199-234 [201] [replacement name for Brachyscelis Schrader, 1863].
• Brachyscelis Schrader, H.L. 1863. Observations on certain gall-making Coccidae of Australia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of New South Wales 1: 1-6 [2] [junior homonym of Brachyscelis Germar, 1834 (Coleoptera), see Rübsaamen, E.H. 1894. Über australische Zoocecidien und deren Erzeuger. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 39: 199–234 (2001); described and illustrated by Ferris, G.F. 1957. Notes on some little known genera of the Coccoidea (Homoptera). Microentomology 22: 59–79 and Gullan, P.J. 1984. A revision of the gall-forming coccoid genus Cylindrococcus Maskell (Homoptera: Eriococcidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 32: 677–690; early major work by Froggatt, W.W. 1931. A classification of the gall-making coccids of the genus Apiomorpha. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 56: 431–454].

  Type species:

   Brachyscelis pileata Schrader, 1863 by subsequent designation, see Lindinger, L. 1937. Verzeichnis der Schildläus-Gattungen. (Homoptera - Coccoidea Handlirsch, 1903). Entomologisches Jahrbuch 46: 178-198 [179].

  Secondary source:

   Rübsaamen, E.H. 1894. Über australische Zoocecidien und deren Erzeuger. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 39: 199-234; Froggatt, W.W. 1931. A classification of the gall-making coccids of the genus Apiomorpha. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 56: 431-454; Ferris, G.F. 1957. Notes on some little known genera of the Coccoidea (Homoptera). Microentomology 22: 59-79; Gullan, P.J. 1984. A revision of the gall-forming coccoid genus Cylindrococcus Maskell (Homoptera: Eriococcidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 32: 677-690.
• Brachiomorpha Ferris, G.F. 1957. Notes on some little known genera of the Coccoidea (Homoptera). Microentomology 22: 59-79 [66] [unavailable name; according to Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1966. An annotated list of generic names of the scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Miscellaneous Publication United States Department of Agriculture 1015: 1–206, "From the usage, this seems to be a lapsus for Apiomorpha Rübsaamen."].

  Secondary source:

   Morrison, H. & Morrison, E.R. 1966. An annotated list of generic names of the scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Miscellaneous Publication United States Department of Agriculture 1015: 1-206.

Distribution

States

Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IBRA and IMCRA regions

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC) ; WA: Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Murchison (MUR), Yalgoo (YAL)

ID Keys

(Gullan, P.J., 1984) [10] (adult female; Adult females and female galls of Apiomorpha)

SYSTEMATICS

Slide-mounted adult female with following diagnostic characters: body turbinate; antennae 5-segmented or less; mouth parts small; legs 3-segmented with tibia and tarsus fused and femur and trochanter fused; coxa and femur with translucent pores; anal lobes elongate, with 1 or 2 spine-like setae; multilocular pores with 7 or more loculi; spine-like setae present on all but one species. First instar with: 6-segmented antennae; legs 5-segmented; body margin with row of enlarged, spine-like setae, each seta winged by horizontal, hyaline membrane. See Gullan, P.J. 1984. A revision of the gall-forming coccoid genus Apiomorpha Rübsaamen (Homoptera: Eriococcidae: Apiomorphinae). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series 97: 1–203

GENERAL

This genus occurs almost exclusively in Australia, though Apiomorpha pedunculata is recorded from Papua New Guinea, see Gullan, P.J. 1984. A revision of the gall-forming coccoid genus Apiomorpha Rübsaamen (Homoptera: Eriococcidae: Apiomorphinae). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series 97: 1–203.

General References

Beardsley, J.W. 1984. Gall-forming Coccoidea. In, Ananthakrishnan, T.N. (ed.). Biology of Gall Insects. New Delhi : Oxford & IBH. Publ. Co. 400 pp. (Adult females induce some of the largest and most conspicuous of all scale insect galls. The galls are sexually dimorphic and are found only on Australasian Eucalyptus species. This is the largest genus of strictly gallicolus coccoids)

Mills, P.J., MacDonald, M.L., Rigby, L.M. & Cook, L.G. 2011. A recently discovered species of Apiomorpha Rübsaamen (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) with unusual gall morphology. Zootaxa 3093: 55-63 (study of Apiomorpha minor-group)

History of changes