Introduction

The Acrothoracica, one of three superorders of the Cirripedia, are small burrowing barnacles found largely in marine carbonate sediments and 'shells' of marine invertebrates such as molluscs, corals or echinoderms. The body, lacking its own calcareous shell, is usually only a couple of millimetres long. The cavity in which it lives opens to the exterior via a narrow slit. Four to six cirri are present and extend through the slit when feeding. Tomlinson (1969) and Newman (1996) comprehensively reviewed acrothoracican biology, anatomy and systematics. Their ordinal arrangement is no longer followed. About 66 species are recognised worldwide.

Martin & Davis (2001) treated the Acrothoracica Gruvel, 1905 as a superorder of the Infraclass Cirripedia with two orders, Pygophora (with two families) and Apygophora (with one). Until recently this arrangement has been widely followed. Kolbasov (2009), in the latest comprehensice review, rearranged the three families differently, again into two orders Lithoglyptida (for Lithoglyptidae and Trypetesidae) and Cryptophialida (for Cryptophialidae) (see Newman 2011 for summary).

Tomlinson (1969) diagnosed all taxa then known. His family diagnoses are reproduced here. While Kolbasov & Newman (2005) recognised differences between the families they provided clear diagnoses only of the three subfamilies of Lithoglyptidae.

Dates of publication and availability of Gerstaecker's and Utinomi's works

Gerstaecker edited and contributed to the "Fünfter Band, erste Abtheilung. Crustacea (Erste Hälfte)" of Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs ... with the dates 1866-1879 on the title page. According to Peter Dworschak, Natural History Museum, Vienna, "in our copy, someone has scribbled with pencil the date of receipt on the bottom page of each new consignment (Lieferung)". The date on the Lieferung, pp. 625-672, dealing with Acrothoracica is 1870 which is therefore the date of publication of his new family Cryptophialidae.

Utinomi published three works in 1950. Mark Grygier, Lake Biwa Museum, viewed copies of all works at the University of Kyoto.

The first work, in Nakamura's book, in Japanese, was issued on 1 April 1950 according to a bookplate pasted to the inner side of the end-paper of the copy in the plant genetics library. Whether or not this work constitutes an available publication has been questioned. While Utinomi stated that his descriptions would be published in other papers he "decided to make detailed examination of these two acrothoracid species and [he] studied in detail the structure and development of internal organs, which consequently revealed that they belonged to so far unrecorded new species in a new genus. Not only this (they belong to new species in a new genus), [he got] many new findings about the anatomical morphology of Acrothoracida and recognised that the previous classification system should be drastically revised." [Translation by J. Kojima] In the view of ICZN Commissioners Mark Grygier and Junichi Kojima, this does not meet the requirements of ICZN Articles 8.2 or 8.3 which allow for works and names to be disclaimed.

Utinomi's other works in 1950 appeared in Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto (Imperial) University Ser. B. The copy of the relevant issue at the Library of Biological Science still retained the original cover of issue No. 3, in which the two papers were published. Publishing information is on the inside back cover: the printing date was 20 July 1950, and the date of issue was 25 July 1950.

Following these investigations it is possible to confirm that the names in Utinomi's contribution to Nakamura's Some problems of modern biology have seniority over his later publication of the same names.

Acknowledgements

The compiler thanks Peter Dworschak, Natural History Museum, Vienna, for acertaining the date of publication of Gerstaecker's work, and Mark Grygier, Lake Biwa Museum, and Shigeyuki Yamato, Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, for obtaining Utinomi's works. I thank Mark Grygier for determining the exact dates of publication of Utinomi's publications and thank him and his fellow ICZN Commissioner Junichi Kojima for their opinions on the availabilty of names.

General References

Gerstaecker, A. 1870. Die Klassen und Ordnungen der Arthropoden wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Fünfter Band, erste Abtheilung. Crustacea (Erste Hälfte). pp. 513-624 in Gerstaecker, A. (ed.). Dr. H.G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Liepzig & Heidelberg : C.F. Winter'sche Verlagshandlung 1320 pp. 50 pls. [The Lieferung comprising pp. 513-624 appeared in 1870 according to notes on a copy of this work at the Zoological Museum, Vienna. Whole work usually cited as Gerstaecker (1866-1879) with 1320 pp. and 50 pls] [532]

Gruvel, A. 1905. Monographie des Cirrhipèdes ou Thécostracés. Paris : Masson et Cie, Editeurs 472 pp., 427 figs. [reprinted 1965 by A. Ascher & Co., Amsterdam, Netherlands]

Kolbasov, G.A. 2009. Acrothoracica, Sverliashchie Rakoobraznye [burrowing crustaceans]. Moscow : KMK Scientific Press 452 pp. [in Russian]

Kolbasov, G.A. & Newman, W.A. 2005. Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa 1013: 35-64

Martin, J.W. & Davis, G.E. 2001. An updated classification of the recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Science Series 39: 1-124

Newman, W.A. 1996. Sous-classe des Cirripèdes (Cirripedia Burmeister, 1834) Super-orders des Thoraciques et des Acrothoraciques (Thoracica Darwin, 1854 - Acrothoracica Gruvel, 1905). pp. 453-540 in Forest, J. (ed.). Traité de Zoologie. Anatomie, Systématique, Biologie. Publié sous la direction de Pierre-P. Grassé. Tome VII. Crustacés. Fascicule 2. Généralités (suite) et systématique (Céphalocarides à Syncarides). Paris : Masson éditeur 1002 pp.

Newman, W.A. 2011. Book Review, Acrothoracica, by G.A. Kolbasov (2009). Journal of Crustacean Biology 31: 209-211

Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161

Utinomi, H. 1950. A new remarkable coral-boring acrothoracican cirriped. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 87-93 [Date published 25 July 1950]

Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950]

Utinomi, H. 1950. On another form of Acrothoracica, newly found from Formosa. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 95-100 [Date published 25 July 1950]

History of changes

Introduction

The order Cryptophialida includes only one family (Cryptophialida), previously included in the order Pygophora Berndt, 1907, which is no longer recognised (Newman 2011).

General References

Berndt, W. 1907. Über das System der Acrothoracica. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 73: 287-289

Kolbasov, G.A. 2009. Acrothoracica, Sverliashchie Rakoobraznye [burrowing crustaceans]. Moscow : KMK Scientific Press 452 pp. [in Russian]

Newman, W.A. 2011. Book Review, Acrothoracica, by G.A. Kolbasov (2009). Journal of Crustacean Biology 31: 209-211

History of changes

• Cryptophialidae Gerstaecker, A. 1870. Die Klassen und Ordnungen der Arthropoden wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Fünfter Band, erste Abtheilung. Crustacea (Erste Hälfte). pp. 513-624 in Gerstaecker, A. (ed.). Dr. H.G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Liepzig & Heidelberg : C.F. Winter'sche Verlagshandlung 1320 pp. 50 pls. [The Lieferung comprising pp. 513-624 appeared in 1870 according to notes on a copy of this work at the Zoological Museum, Vienna. Whole work usually cited as Gerstaecker (1866-1879) with 1320 pp. and 50 pls] [532].

Diagnosis

Alimentary canal with gut teeth (gizzard); mouth cirrus atrophied or absent; labrum large, attenuated relative to rest of weak mouthparts; burrow aperture nearly round, slightly tapered; 3 or 4 paris of terminal cirri; caudal appendage absent; lateral bars present; free cyprid larva only.

Diagnosis References

Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161

History of changes

• Cryptophialus Darwin, C. 1854. A monograph on the sub-class Cirripedia with figures of all the species. The Balanidae, the Verrucidae, etc. London : Ray Society 684 pp., 30 pls. [563].

  Type species:

   Cryptophialus minutus Darwin, 1854 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40)

History of changes

• Cryptophialus heterodontus Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [90].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 122618 female, from Tridacna maxima, Heron Island, QLD.
  Paratype(s) AM P.17659; NMV J192
  Comment: paratype(s) also in San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Marshall Islands

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40)

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Cryptophialus lanceolatus Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [107].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM female, from Tridacna maxima, Heron Island, QLD.
  Paratype(s) BMNH; BMNH J190, J21442
  Comment: paratype(s) also in San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40)

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Cryptophialus wainwrighti Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [97].

  Type data:

   Holotype CAS female, from Thais triserialis , Sodado Bay, Guaymas, Mexico and T. haemostoma, Mazatlan, Mexico.
  Paratype(s) AM P.17661; MACN; USNM
  Comment: Additional paratype(s) in University of Mexico, Mexico City.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Pacific coast of Mexico

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

Introduction

The order Lithoglyptida replaced in part the previous order/suborder Pygophora Berndt, 1907 and includes two families, Lithoglyptidae and Trypetesidae. The latter has not been recorded from Australia.

General References

Berndt, W. 1907. Über das System der Acrothoracica. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 73: 287-289

Kolbasov, G.A. 2009. Acrothoracica, Sverliashchie Rakoobraznye [burrowing crustaceans]. Moscow : KMK Scientific Press 452 pp. [in Russian]

History of changes

• Lithoglyptidae Aurivillius, C.W.S. 1892. Neue Cirripeden aus dem Atlantischen, Indischen und Stillen Ocean. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 3: 123-135 [133].
• Balanodytidae Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950] [458] [subjective synonym].
• Chytraeidae Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950] [457] [nomen nudum; based on Chytraea, Utinomi, 1950 a genus erected with two species but no type species].
• Utinomiidae Tomlinson, J.T. 1963. Two new acrothoracican cirripeds from Japan. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 11: 263-280 [264] [subjective synonym].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Utinomi, H. 1950. On another form of Acrothoracica, newly found from Formosa. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 95-100 [Date published 25 July 1950] [99] (Balanodytidae was rediagnosed in English in this paper at a later date in the same year as first published)
• Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [31] (Zapfellidae Codez & Saint-Seine, 1957 and Rogerellidae Codez & Saint-Seine, 1957, two fossil families, were also listed as junior synonyms)

Introduction

Kolbasov & Newmann (2005) reviewed the familiy and divided it into three subfamilies.Their subfamily arrangement is followed here with a necessary nomenclatural correction.

Diagnosis

Alimentary canal without gut teeth (gizzard); mouth cirrus well developed; labrum of same relative size as rest of well developed mouthparts; burrow aperture a tapered slit; caudal appendage present or absent.

Diagnosis References

Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161

General References

Kolbasov, G.A. & Newman, W.A. 2005. Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa 1013: 35-64

History of changes

• Berndtiidae Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950] [457].
• Weltneriinae Kolbasov, G.A. & Newman, W.A. 2005. Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa 1013: 35-64 [40].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Poore, G.C.B. 2012. taxonomic decision, http://biodiversity.org.au/afd (Kolbasov & Newman (2005) erected the new subfamily Weltneriinae to include Welteria and Berndtia. Utinomi's Berndtiidae that includes one of these two genera is a subjective synonym for the group including both genera)

History of changes

• Berndtia Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950] [444, 457].

  Type species:

   Berndtia purpurea Utinomi, 1950 by monotypy.
• Berndtia Utinomi, H. 1950. A new remarkable coral-boring acrothoracican cirriped. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 87-93 [Date published 25 July 1950] [93] [homonym and objective synonym].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Utinomi, H. 1950. A new remarkable coral-boring acrothoracican cirriped. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 87-93 [Date published 25 July 1950] [93] (Berndtia purpurea n.g., n.sp. is redescribed in English and well illustrated in this paper at a later date in the same year as first published)
• Poore, G.C.B. 2012. taxonomic decision, http://biodiversity.org.au/afd (history and availability of the name Berndtia and dates of Utinomi's papers confirmed)

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northeast Shelf Province (40)

General References

Hiro, F. 1937. Occurence of an acrothoracican barnacle in Japan. Zoological Magazine, Tokyo 47(3-4): 135-137 (the occurence is noted but no Latin name is given [in Japanese])

Krüger, A. 1940. Teil IV: Ascothoracica Seite IV.1 bis IV.46 - Textabbildungen 1-45. Teil III: Cirripedia Seite III.1 bis III.112 - Textabbildungen 1-114. In, Gerstaecker, A. & Ortmann, A.E. Dr. H.G. Bronns Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs. Liepzig : Akadamische Verlagsgeselleschaft m.b.H. Fünfter Band, 1. Abteilung, 3. Buch 560 pp. [454] (refers to Berndtia Hiro, 1937, but this name is not in Hiro's work - it appeared formally in 1950 erected by Utinomi)

History of changes

• Berndtia fossata Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [79].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) 1 almost complete, 3 partial specimens (only types at San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco), from Psammocora fossata, Siassi (Low I.) eastern New Guinea.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Great Barrier Reef, QLD; Papua New Guinea

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northeast Shelf Province (40)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Berndtia purpurea Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950] [445, 457] (short diagnosis in Japanese).

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) number not specified; from corals Leptastraea purpurea and Psammocora profundacella (this data from subsequent English-language description), Tanabe Bay, Japan.
• Berndtia purpurea Utinomi, H. 1950. A new remarkable coral-boring acrothoracican cirriped. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 87-93 [Date published 25 July 1950] [93] [homonym and objective synonym].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Utinomi, H. 1950. A new remarkable coral-boring acrothoracican cirriped. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 87-93 [Date published 25 July 1950] (detailed redescription in English and illustrations of "Berndtia purpurea n. g., sp. nov.")
• Poore, G.C.B. 2012. taxonomic decision, http://biodiversity.org.au/afd (availabilty of the name Berndtia purpurea and dates of Utinomi's papers confirmed)

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Japan

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Transition (26)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Weltneria Berndt, W. 1907. Über das System der Acrothoracica. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 73: 287-289 [289].

  Type species:

   Weltneria spinosa Berndt, 1907 by monotypy.
• Utinomia Tomlinson, J.T. 1963. Two new acrothoracican cirripeds from Japan. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 11: 263-280 [264] [subjective synonym].

  Type species:

   Utinomia newmani Tomlinson, 1963 by monotypy.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [31]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Victoria

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Northeast Shelf Province (40)

History of changes

• Weltneria aapta Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [44].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM P.17645 female, from Berylsma waitei from fish traps off Port Macquarie, NSW.
  Paratype(s) CAS; USNM
  Comment: paratypes also at University of Cape Town, South Africa, and at San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Bathyal, infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Lithoglyptes hirsutus Tomlinson, J.T. 1963. Lithoglyptes hirsutus (Cirripedia: Acrothoracica), a new burrowing barnacle from Hawaii. Pacific Science 17: 299-301 [299].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 107544 female (actual type locality not differentiated in paper), from Psammocora verrilli from 3-6 feet on Sand Bar Reef and in Porites compressa from NE side Checker Reef, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, USA.
  Paratype(s) CAS; PML
  Comment: paratypes also at San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco, and and Marine Biological Association of UK laboratories, Plymouth, UK.
• Utinomia newmani Tomlinson, J.T. 1963. Two new acrothoracican cirripeds from Japan. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 11: 263-280 [265] [subjective synonym].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [36]

Generic Combinations

• Weltneria hirsuta (Tomlinson, 1963).

Distribution

States

Tasmania, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

Hawaii, Japan

IMCRA

Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Southeast Shelf Transition (37)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Continental shelf.

History of changes

• Weltneria reticulata Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [39].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 122604 female, from Tridacna maxima fossor, Heron Island, QLD.
  Paratype(s) AM P.17646, P.17647; BMNH
  Comment: paratype(s) also at San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Great Barrier Reef, QLD; Koror Island, Palau

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Kochlorinidae Gruvel, A. 1905. Monographie des Cirrhipèdes ou Thécostracés. Paris : Masson et Cie, Editeurs 472 pp., 427 figs. [reprinted 1965 by A. Ascher & Co., Amsterdam, Netherlands] [328].

General References

Kolbasov, G.A. & Newman, W.A. 2005. Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa 1013: 35-64 (treated Gruvel's family as a subfamily of Lithoglyptidae)

History of changes

• Kochlorine Noll, F.C. 1873. Kochlorine hamata N., ein bohrender Cirripede. Bericht über Senckenbergischen Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main 1872-73 (4): 50-58 [50].

  Type species:

   Kochlorine hamata Noll, 1873 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland

IMCRA

Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40)

History of changes

• Kochlorine anchorella Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [69].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV J190 female, from Chama lazarus , Heron I., Qld.
  Paratype(s) USNM
  Comment: paratype(s) also at San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Kochlorine hamata Noll, F.C. 1873. Kochlorine hamata N., ein bohrender Cirripede. Bericht über Senckenbergischen Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main 1872-73 (4): 50-58 [50].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) SMF number of specimens not specified, from Haliotis, Cadiz, Spain.
• Kochlorine haliotidis Noll, F.C. 1872. Mitheilung von Dr. F.C. Noll. Bericht über Senckenbergischen Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main 1871-1872 (3): 21-26 [24] [nomen nudum; mentioned without diagnosis - replaced by hamata in 1873].
• Kochlorine inermis Stubbings, H.G. 1964. Cirripedia from the Congo Estuary and adjacent coasts in the Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 69: 327-347 [343] [subjective synonym].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [65]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory

Extra Distribution Information

Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Gulf of Thailand, Indian Ocean, Ghana, Algeria, Spain, Pacific coasts of Mexico and Panama

IMCRA

Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Lithoglyptidae Aurivillius, C.W.S. 1892. Neue Cirripeden aus dem Atlantischen, Indischen und Stillen Ocean. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 3: 123-135 [133].

History of changes

• Auritoglyptes Kolbasov, G.A. & Newman, W.A. 2005. Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa 1013: 35-64 [44].

  Type species:

   Lithoglyptes bicornis Aurivillius, 1892 by original designation.
• Chytraea Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950] [458] [nomen nudum; suggested for Lithoglyptes ampulla and L. bicornis].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IMCRA

Christmas Island Province (23), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40)

History of changes

• Lithoglyptes bicornis Aurivillius, C.W.S. 1892. Neue Cirripeden aus dem Atlantischen, Indischen und Stillen Ocean. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 3: 123-135 [134].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM female, from coral, Java Sea.
• Lithoglyptes ampulla Aurivillius, C.W.S. 1892. Neue Cirripeden aus dem Atlantischen, Indischen und Stillen Ocean. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 3: 123-135 [134] [subjective synonym].

  Type data:

   Holotype NHRM female, from coral, Java Sea.
• Lithoglyptes spinatus Tomlinson, J.T. & Newman, W.A. 1960. Lithoglyptes spinatus, a burrowing barnacle from Jamaica. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 112: 517-526 [519] [subjective synonym].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 103729 female, from Acropora palmata Salt Gut, Jamaica.
  Paratype(s) CAS; SMBL; PML; MNHP
  Comment: paratype(s) also at Marine Biological Association of UK Laboratories, Plymouth, UK.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [49] (proposed synoymy of 3 species)
• Kolbasov, G.A. & Newman, W.A. 2005. Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa 1013: 35-64 [37, 44] (ambivalent on synonymy of Lithoglyptes spinatus with A. bicornis)

Generic Combinations

• Auritoglyptes bicornis (Aurivillius, 1892).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Marshall Islands, Jarvis Island, Hawaii, Japan, Caribbean Panama, Columbia, Maldives, Indonesia

IMCRA

Christmas Island Province (23), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Northeast Shelf Province (40)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Balanodytes Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950] [453, 458].

  Type species:

   Balanodytes taiwanus Utinomi, 1950 by monotypy.
• Armatoglyptes Kolbasov, G.A. & Newman, W.A. 2005. Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa 1013: 35-64 [47] [nomen nudum; erected without type species but including Lithoglyptes habei and L. balanodytes, junior subjective synonyms of Balanodytes taiwanus and seven other species].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Utinomi, H. 1950. On another form of Acrothoracica, newly found from Formosa. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 95-100 [Date published 25 July 1950] [99] (Balanodytes was rediagnosed in English in this paper at a later date in the same year as first published)
• Poore, G.C.B. 2012. taxonomic decision, http://biodiversity.org.au/afd (availabilty of names and dates of Utinomi's papers confirmed)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

IMCRA

Southwest Shelf Province (31), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

History of changes

• Lithoglyptes scamborachis Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 [55].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 122611 female, from Tridacna maxima Heron I., Qld.
  Paratype(s) AM P.17642; BMNH
  Comment: paratype(s) also at San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco.

Generic Combinations

• Balanodytes scamborachis (Tomlinson, 1969). —
  Poore, G.C.B. 2012. taxonomic decision, http://biodiversity.org.au/afd (this combination is newly recognised here)

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

General References

Kolbasov, G.A. & Newman, W.A. 2005. Revision of the Lithoglyptidae sensu Tomlinson, 1969 and Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, 1892 (Cirripedia, Acrothoracica), including a new species from Bermuda. Zootaxa 1013: 35-64 [51] (included this species (scamborachis) in Armatoglyptes, nomen nudum, along with others now treated as members of Balanodytes)

History of changes

• Balanodytes taiwanus Utinomi, H. 1950. General account of Acrothoracica. [in Japanese]. pp. 428-461 in Nakamura, K. Some problems of modern biology. Tokyo. [Date published 1 April 1950] [454, 459].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) 2 specimens (types damaged and lost following dissection), from basal shells of Balanus tintinnabulum, Takao, Taiwan.
• Kochlorine habei Tomlinson, J.T. 1963. Two new acrothoracican cirripeds from Japan. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 11: 263-280 [270] [subjective synonym].

  Type data:

   Holotype SMBL 197 female (exact locality of holotype and paratypes not distinguished), from Kelletia lischkei , Tomioka, Amakusa, Kyushu, on rock 10 m; or in Bursa bufo and Charonia sauliae , near, Seto, Wakayama-ken; Japan
  Comment: paratype(s) also at San Francisco State College, Department of Marine Biology, San Francisco.
• Lithoglyptes balanodytes Kolbasov, G.A. 2000. A new species of the genus Lithoglyptes (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Acrothoracica) from the Fiji Sea, with some data on its ultrastructure. Arthropoda Selecta 9: 85–89 [subjective synonym].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Utinomi, H. 1950. On another form of Acrothoracica, newly found from Formosa. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University B 19: 95-100 [Date published 25 July 1950] [99] (Balanodytes taiwanus was rediagnosed in English in this paper at a later date in the same year as first published. This citation often given erroneously for this species)
• Newman, W.A. 2011. Book Review, Acrothoracica, by G.A. Kolbasov (2009). Journal of Crustacean Biology 31: 209-211 [209] (synonymised K. habei and L. balanodytes on basis of pers. comm. from BKK Chan)
• Poore, G.C.B. 2012. taxonomic decision, http://biodiversity.org.au/afd (availabilty of name and present combination recognised, and dates of Utinomi's papers confirmed)

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Taiwan, Japan, Fiji, Seychelles, Maldives, Gulf of Aden, South China Sea, Kosmoledo Atoll

IMCRA

Southwest Shelf Province (31), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Infralittoral fringe.

History of changes

• Lithoglyptes Aurivillius, C.W.S. 1892. Neue Cirripeden aus dem Atlantischen, Indischen und Stillen Ocean. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 3: 123-135 [133].

  Type species:

   Lithoglyptes indicus Aurivillius, 1892 by subsequent designation, see Tomlinson, J.T. 1969. The burrowing barnacles (Cirripedia: Order Acrothoracica). United States National Museum Bulletin 296: 1-161 (earlier designation not found).

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Kenn Transition (16)

History of changes

• Lithoglyptes viatrix Grygier, M.J. & Newman, W.A. 1985. Motility and calcareous parts in extant and fossil Acrothoracica (Crustacea: Cirripedia), based primarily upon new species burrowing in the deep-sea coral Enallopsammia. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 21: 1-22 [3].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 210849 female, from Enallopsammia ampheloides (Alcock), Kaula Rock, Hawaii [21°43’N, 160°37’W].
  Paratype(s) USNM 210850; BMNH Zoology 1984:140-144 4 specimens; BMNH Palaeontology T814 1 specimen; BPBM B510; NHMV Institute of Palaeontology IPUW-2523; SDNHM; SIO-BIC (as "authors' collection")
  Comment: paratype(s) also at San Francisco State University, San Francisco.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

An unidentified scleractinian coral from 310–350 m, the Coral Sea, 26º46.2'S, 159º30.2'E; Hawaii

IMCRA

Kenn Transition (16)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Bathyal.

History of changes