Family HYALIDAE Bulycheva, 1957
Hyale longicornis
© Copyright R.T. Springthorpe.
Hyachelia lowryi
© Copyright From Serejo & Sittrop, 2009
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Family HYALIDAE Bulycheva, 1957
- Hyalidae Bulycheva, A.I. 1957. [Beach-fleas of the seas of the USSR and adjacent waters (Amphipoda – Talitroidea)]. Akademii Nauk SSSR Zoologicheskogo Instituta Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 65: 1-185 [in Russian].
Type genus:
Hyale Rathke, 1837.
Introduction
The hyalids as currently defined by Serejo (1998) include two subfamilies, 11 genera and about 141 species world-wide. Protohyale is the most species rich genus. Seven genera and 19 species make up the Australian fauna as currently understood. All hyalids are shallow-water species, living and feeding on algae. They are often dominant members of intertidal and subtidal algal communities (Fenwick 1976; Krapp-Schickel 1993). McGrouther (1983) and Poore (1994) have shown the importance of hyalids as macroalgal herbivores in Australian waters. The only life history study of an Australian hyalid, Hyale rubra (Thomson), is that of Berents (1989). Hiwatari & Kajihara (1984) studied the life history of the Japanese species Hyale barbicornis and Moore (1983) and McBane & Croker (1984) studied the life history of the amphiatlantic species Apohyale prevostii (Milne Edwards, 1830) as Hyale nilssoni (Rathke).
The family recovered as monophyletic in the molecular phylogeny of Cannizzaro & Berg (2022).
Diagnosis
Head as long as deep, longer than deep or deeper than long; anteroventral margin weakly recessed and deeply excavate; rostrum short or absent; eyes round, ovoid, reniform or subrectangular. Body laterally compressed; smooth. Antenna 1 shorter or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than or subequal to article 1; accessory flagellum absent; primary flagellum 5- or more articulate; callynophore absent. Antenna 2 short, medium length or long; flagellum shorter or longer than peduncle; 5- or more articulate. Mandible incisor dentate; lacinia mobilis present on both sides; molar fully triturating; palp absent. Maxilla 1 inner plate weakly setose apically; palp large, reduced or absent, 1- or 2-articulate. Maxilliped inner plates well developed; outer plates small. Coxae 1–4 longer than broad, as long as broad or broader than long, overlapping. Gnathopod 1 not sexually dimorphic; smaller (or weaker) than or subequal to gnathopod 2; simple, subchelate or parachelate; coxa smaller than, subequal to or larger than coxa 2; carpus shorter than or subequal to propodus, strongly, slightly or not produced along posterior margin of propodus. Gnathopod 2 sexually dimorphic; simple, subchelate or parachelate; coxa smaller than, subequal to but not hidden by coxa 3 or larger than coxa 3; ischium short; carpus short, shorter than propodus, strongly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not. Pereopod 3 coxa longer than broad or broader than long; carpus shorter than propodus, not produced. Pereopod 4 coxa subequal to, or larger than coxa 3, with well-developed posteroventral lobe; carpus shorter than propodus, not produced. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa smaller than coxa 4, with ventrally produced posterior lobe; basis expanded, subrectangular or subovate, with posteroventral lobe; carpus expanded or weakly expanded; dactylus with a few subterminal setae or setae absent. Pereopod 6 shorter than or subequal to pereopod 7; basis expanded; dactylus with a few subterminal setae or without setae. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5; basis expanded. Urosomite 1 longer or much longer than urosomite 2. Uropods 1–2 apices of rami with robust setae. Uropod 3 biramous or uniramous; peduncle short; rami lanceolate; outer ramus shorter than peduncle; inner ramus not apically setose. Telson weakly thickened dorsoventrally or thickened dorsoventrally; deeply or moderately cleft or entire; broader than long; dorsal robust setae absent; apical robust setae present or absent.
General References
Barnard, J.L. 1974. Gammaridean Amphipoda of Australia, Part II. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 139: i-v 1-148
Barnard, J.L. & Karaman, G.S. 1991. The families and genera of marine gammaridean Amphipoda (except marine gammaroids). Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 13: 1-866
Bousfield, E.L. 1996. A contribution to the reclassification of neotropical freshwater hyalellid amphipods (Crustacea: Gammaridea, Talitroidea). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona 20: 175-224
Bulycheva, A.I. 1957. [Beach-fleas of the seas of the USSR and adjacent waters (Amphipoda – Talitroidea)]. Akademii Nauk SSSR Zoologicheskogo Instituta Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR 65: 1-185 [in Russian]
Cannizzaro, A., & Berg, D. 2022. Gone with Gondwana: Amphipod diversification in freshwaters followed the breakup of the supercontinent. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 171: 1-10 (phylogeny)
Dana, J.D. 1849. Synopsis of the genera of Gammaracea. American Journal of Science and Arts 2 8: 135-140
Edgar, G.J. 1983. The ecology of south-eastern Tasmanian phytal animal communities. I. Spatial organisation on a local scale. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 70: 129-157
Fenwick, G.D. 1976. The effect of wave exposure on the amphipod fauna of the alga Caulerpa brownii. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 25: 1-18
Hiwatari, T. & Kajihara, T. 1984. Population dynamics and life cycle of Hyale barbicornis (Amphipoda, Crustacea) in a blue mussel zone. Marine Ecology Progress Series 20: 177-183
Krapp-Schickel, G. 1993. Do algal-dwelling amphipods react to the "critical zones" of a coastal slope? pp. 883-900 in Moore, P.G. & Watling, L. Amphipods, a noble obsession: essays in memory of J. Laurens Barnard (1928–1991). Journal of Natural History 27(4): 723-988
Kunkel, B.W. 1910. The Amphipoda of Bermuda. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 16: 1-116
Lazo-Wasem, E.A. & Gable, M.F. 2001. A revision of Parhyalella Kunkel (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridea). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 46: 1-80
McBane, C.D. & Croker, R.A. 1984. Some observations on the life history of the amphipod crustacean, Hyale nilssoni (Rathke) in New Hampshire. Estuaries 7: 541-545
McGrouther, M.A. 1983. Comparison of feeding mechanisms in two intertidal gammarideans, Hyale rupicola (Haswell) and Paracalliope australis (Haswell) (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 34: 717-726
Moore, P.G. 1983. The apparent role of temperature in breeding initiation and winter population structure in Hyale nilssoni Rathke (Amphipoda): field observations 1972–83. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 71: 237-248
Poore, A.G.B. 1994. Selective herbivory by amphipods inhabiting the brown alga Zonaria angustata. Marine Ecology Progress Series 107: 113-123
Rathke, H. 1837. Zur Fauna der Krym. Ein Beitrage. Mémoires de l'Academie Imperial de la Société des Sciences, Saint Pétersburg 3: 291-454 pls 1-10
Robertson, A.I. & Lucas, J.S. 1983. Food choice, feeding rates and the turnover of macrophyte biomass by a surf-zone inhabiting amphipod. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 72: 99-124
Serejo, C.S & Sittrop, D.J. 2009. Hyalidae. pp. 440-452 in Lowry, J.K. & Myers, A.A. (eds). Benthic Amphipoda (Crustacea: Peracarida) of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Zootaxa 2260: 1-930
Zeidler, W. 1991. A new genus and species of phreatic amphipod (Crustacea: Amphipoda) belonging in the "chiltonia" genera group, from Dalhousie Springs, South Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 115(4): 177-187
History of changes
| Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05-Aug-2022 | PERACARIDA Calman, 1904 | 12-Sep-2022 | MODIFIED | Lauren Timms (NMV) Dr Genefor Walker-Smith (NMV) |
| 05-Aug-2022 | AMPHIPODA Latreille, 1816 | 07-Jun-2018 | MODIFIED | Dr Shane Ahyong |
| 05-Aug-2022 | AMPHIPODA | 06-Feb-2013 | MOVED | Dr Jim Lowry (AM) |
| 05-Aug-2022 | 22-Nov-2012 | MODIFIED | ||
| 05-Aug-2022 | 19-Dec-2011 | MODIFIED | ||
| 05-Aug-2022 | 02-Jul-2010 | MODIFIED | ||
| 12-Feb-2010 | (import) |