• Trididemnum Della Valle, A. 1881. Nuove contribuzioni alla storia naturale delle ascidie composte del Golfo di Napoli. Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rendiconti 3 10(Memoir): 431-498 [478].

  Type species:

   Lissoclinum tenerum Verrill, 1871 by subsequent designation, see Hartmeyer, R. 1924. Ascidiacea, part II. Zugleich eine Übersicht über die Arktische und boreale Ascidienfauna auf tiergeographischer Grundlage. Ingolf-Exped 2(7): 1-275.
• Didemnopsis Hartmeyer, R. 1903. Die Ascidien der Arktis. Fauna Arctica 3(2): 93-412 [33].

  Type species:

   Didemnum inarmata Drasche, 1883 by original designation.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Huus, J. 1937. Ascidiaceae. pp. 545-692 in Kükenthal, W. & Krumbach, T. (eds). Handbuch der Zoologie. Berlin : Walter de Gruyter Vol. 5(2). [670]

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Worldwide.

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Cocos (Keeling) Island Province (22), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Western Shelf Transition (28), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Southwest Shelf Transition (30), Southwest Shelf Province (31), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Tasmanian Shelf Province (36), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northwest Province (4), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41), Central Western Transition (5), Central Western Province (6), Southern Province (8)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Afrotropical Region

• South Africa

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: G. Aust. Bight
  • New South Wales: Central E coast, Lower E coast
  • Northern Territory: Gulf of Carpentaria, N coast
  • Queensland: Central E coast, Great Barrier Reef, Gulf of Carpentaria, NE coast
  • South Australia: Great Australian Bight, S Gulfs coast
  • Tasmania: Tas. coast
  • Victoria: Bass Strait
  • Western Australia: Central W coast, Great Australian Bight, Lower W coast, N coast, NW coast
• Fiji
• French Polynesia
• Guam
• Hawaii
• Kiribati
• New Caledonia
• New Zealand
• Palau
• Tonga

Nearctic Region

• United States of America
  • Florida

Neotropical Region

• Bermuda

Oriental Region

• Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Aust. Terr.)
• Indonesia
• Philippines
• Sri Lanka
• Thailand

Distribution References

General References

Kott, P. 2005. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). Journal of Natural History 39(26): 2409-2479 [2417]

History of changes

• Trididemnum amiculum Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [256].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F70259, 39 km NNE Devonport, 68 m, TAS [40°49.8'S 146°31.3'E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania

IMCRA

Tasmanian Shelf Province (36), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Lower E coast
  • Tasmania: Tas. coast

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38(6): 731-774 [760]

Kott, P. 2005. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). Journal of Natural History 39(26): 2409-2479 [2453]

History of changes

• Trididemnum areolatum Herdman, W.A. 1906. Report on the Tunicata. Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries Supplement Report 39: 295-348 [337].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH [19]07.8.30.36 (part) slide only, Chiulaw Paa, Gulf of Manaar, 4–5 m.
• Trididemnum banneri Eldredge, L.G. 1967. A taxonomic review of the Indo-Pacific didemnid ascidians and descriptions of twenty three central Pacific species. Micronesica 2: 162-261 [177].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BPBM Y204, Penguin Spit, Palmyra Is., Line Islands, 0–4 m [5°52'N 162°06'W].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [258]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Central Pacific, west Pacific Ocean,.

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coast
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef, NE coast
• French Polynesia

Oriental Region

• Sri Lanka

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2005. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). Journal of Natural History 39(26): 2409-2479 [2455]

History of changes

• Trididemnum caelatum Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [260].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA E2670, Great Australian Bight, SW Eucla, SA.

Distribution

States

South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IMCRA

Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • South Australia: Great Australian Bight

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

History of changes

• Trididemnum clinides Kott, P. 1977. Algal supporting didemnid ascidians of the Great Barrier Reef. pp. 615-621 in Taylor, D.L. (ed.). Proceedings of the Second International Coral Reef Symposium Miami 1. Biology. Miami : University of Miami. [617].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM G9928, lagoon, Heron Is., QLD.
  Paratype(s) QM G9931.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

West Pacific Ocean, Eniwetak.

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef
• Fiji
• French Polynesia
• Guam

Oriental Region

• Philippines

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Obligate Prochloron [Prochlorophyta] symbionts.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [261]

Parry, D.L. & Kott, P. 1988. Cosymbiosis in the Ascidiacea. Bulletin of Marine Science 42(1): 149-153

History of changes

• Trididemnum cristatum Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [262].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM Y2321, NE coast Tasmania, 128–676 m.

Distribution

States

Tasmania, Victoria

IMCRA

Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Tasmanian Shelf Province (36), Southeast Shelf Transition (37)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Tasmania: Tas. coast
  • Victoria: Bass Strait

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

History of changes

• Trididemnum cyclops Michaelsen, W. 1921. Ascidien von westlichen Indischen ozeans; aus dem Reichsmuseum zu Stockholn. Arkiv för Zoologi 13(23): 1-25 [19].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMH K1110, Malagasy.
• Trididemnum symbioticum Pérès, J.M. 1962. Sur une collection d'ascidies de la côte Israelienne de la Mer Rouge et de la Peninsule du Sinai. Contributions to knowledge of the Red Sea. 24. Bulletin of the Research Station. Haifa 30: 39-47 [40].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) MNHP A2 TRI 74, Red Sea.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kott, P. 1982. Didemnid-algal symbioses: host species in the western Pacific with notes on the symbiosis. Micronesica 18(1): 95-127 [111]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Also Caroline Is, Eniwetak, Red Sea.

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Afrotropical Region

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coast
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef
• Fiji
• French Polynesia
• Kiribati
• New Caledonia
• Palau

Oriental Region

• Philippines

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Obligate Prochloron [Prochlorophyta] symbionts.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [263]

Thinh, L.V. 1979. Prochloron (Prochlorophyta) associated with the ascidian Trididemnum cyclops Michaelsen. Phycologia 18(1): 77-82

History of changes

• Leptoclinum discrepans Sluiter, C.P. 1909. Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga-Expéditie Report 56B: 1-112 [77].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) ZMA TU579.1–TU579.2, Gisser, Nusa-laut Is., Indonesia.
• Didemnopsis jolense Van Name, W.G. 1918. Ascidians from the Philippines and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 100(1): 49-174 [147].

  Type data:

   Holotype USNM 6040, Jolo, Philippines, 20 m.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kott, P. 1998. Tunicata. 51-259, 259–261 (App. I–111), 265–292 (Index) in Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 34. Hemichordata, Tunicata, Cephalochordata. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia 298 pp. [91]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Cocos (Keeling) Island Province (22), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coast
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef, NE coast
  • South Australia: S Gulfs coast
  • Western Australia: N coast
• Fiji
• Kiribati
• New Caledonia
• Palau
• Tonga

Oriental Region

• Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Aust. Terr.)
• Indonesia
• Philippines
• Thailand

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38(6): 731-774 [761]

History of changes

• Didemnum dispersum Sluiter, C.P. 1909. Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga-Expéditie Report 56B: 1-112 [54].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) ZMA TU443.1, Salibabu Is., Samau Is., Indonesia; ZMA TU 443.2, Salibabu Is., Samau Is., Indonesia.
• Trididemnum tegulum Kott, P. 1984. Related species of Trididemnum in symbiosis with Cyanophyta. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 107(4): 515-520 [515].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM GH1492, under boulders on weed and rubble, Heron Is., Great Barrier Reef, QLD.
  Paratype(s) QM GH892; QM GH1337; QM GH1350; QM GH1493–5.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kott, P. 1998. Tunicata. 51-259, 259–261 (App. I–111), 265–292 (Index) in Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 34. Hemichordata, Tunicata, Cephalochordata. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia 298 pp. [91]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Central Western Shelf Transition (28), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Northwest Province (4), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41), Central Western Transition (5)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coast
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef
  • Western Australia: Central W coast

Oriental Region

• Indonesia

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Obligate cyanophyte symbionts.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [267]

Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38(6): 731-774 [761]

Kott, P. 2005. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). Journal of Natural History 39(26): 2409-2479 [2455]

Larkum, A.W.D., Cox, G.C., Hiller, R.G., Parry, D.L. & Dibbayawan, T.P. 1987. Filamentous cyanophytes containing phycourobilin and in symbiosis with sponges and an ascidian of coral reefs. Marine Biology, Berlin 95: 1-13

History of changes

• Trididemnum farrago Kott, P. 2004. Ascidiacea (Tunicata) in Australian waters of the Timor and Arafura Seas. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 20: 37-81 [xx].

  Type data:

   Holotype NTM E253, Ashmore Reef, inner West Lagoon, 3–6 m, Timor Sea.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Province (27)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: NW coast

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

History of changes

• Trididemnum grandistellatum Kott, 2008.

  Type data:

   Holotype WAM WAM Z27520, QM G328007, Western Australia CSIRO SS10/05 (Bald I., Stn 35) [118.645E 35.1907S].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IMCRA

Southwest Shelf Province (31), Southern Province (8)

History of changes

• Trididemnum lapidosum Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [270].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM G308687, NW of Surrurier Is., Long Is., 18 m, WA [21°33.5'S 114°40.0'E].
  Paratype(s) QM G304634.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Southwest Shelf Transition (30), Southwest Shelf Province (31)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: Lower W coast, NW coast

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

History of changes

• Leptoclinum marmoratum Sluiter, C.P. 1909. Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga-Expéditie Report 56B: 1-112 [84].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ZMA TU 1277, not determined.
  Paralectotype(s) ZMA TU584.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Spoel, S. van der 1969. Catalogue of the type specimens of Tunicata in the Zoological Museum in Amsterdam. Bulletin Zoölogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam 1(13): 157-200 [180].

Distribution

States

Northern Territory

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: Gulf of Carpentaria, N coast

Oriental Region

• Indonesia

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2004. Ascidiacea (Tunicata) in Australian waters of the Timor and Arafura Seas. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 20: 37-81 [61]

Kott, P. 2008. Biogeographic implications of Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from the Wessel Islands (Arafura Sea). The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 24: 63-77 [72] (new record)

History of changes

• Trididemnum miniatum Kott, P. 1977. Algal supporting didemnid ascidians of the Great Barrier Reef. pp. 615-621 in Taylor, D.L. (ed.). Proceedings of the Second International Coral Reef Symposium Miami 1. Biology. Miami : University of Miami. [617].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) QM G9927, G9945, lagoon, Heron Is., Great Barrier Reef, QLD.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef
• Fiji
• French Polynesia
• New Caledonia

Oriental Region

• Indonesia

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Obligate Prochloron [Prochlorophyta] symbionts.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [271]

Parry, D.L. & Kott, P. 1988. Cosymbiosis in the Ascidiacea. Bulletin of Marine Science 42(1): 149-153

History of changes

• Trididemnum nobile Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [272].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA E2630, W of Ceduna, Tourville Bay, Davenport Creek, 6–8 m, South Australia.
  Paratype(s) SAMA E2633; QM GH2371.
• Trididemnum vermiforme Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [289].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM G300960, Beachport Jetty, on jetty piles, South Australia.
  Paratype(s) QM G11925.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38(6): 731-774 [763]

Distribution

States

Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Western Shelf Province (29), Southwest Shelf Transition (30), Southwest Shelf Province (31), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Tasmanian Shelf Province (36), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: Central E coast
  • South Australia: Great Australian Bight, S Gulfs coast
  • Tasmania: Tas. coast
  • Victoria: Bass Strait
  • Western Australia: Lower W coast, NW coast

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2005. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). Journal of Natural History 39(26): 2409-2479 [2456]

History of changes

• Trididemnum nubilum Kott, P. 1980. Algal-bearing didemnid ascidians in the Indo-west Pacific. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 20(1): 1-47 [9].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) USNM 11641, Amoyloi Reefs, southern part of Basilan Is., 0.5–1 m, Philippines.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef
• Fiji

Oriental Region

• Philippines

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Obligate Prochloron [Prochlorophyta] symbionts.

General References

Kott, P. 1982. Didemnid-algal symbioses: host species in the western Pacific with notes on the symbiosis. Micronesica 18(1): 95-127

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [274]

History of changes

• Trididemnum paraclinides Kott, P. 1982. Didemnid-algal symbioses: host species in the western Pacific with notes on the symbiosis. Micronesica 18(1): 95-127 [107].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM GH575, Nemelis, 1m, Palau Is.
  Paratype(s) QM GH144, GH91.

Distribution

IMCRA

Cocos (Keeling) Island Province (22)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Fiji
• Palau

Oriental Region

• Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Aust. Terr.)

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Obligate Prochloron [Prochlorophyta] symbionts.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [276]

History of changes

• Trididemnum paracyclops Kott, P. 1980. Algal-bearing didemnid ascidians in the Indo-west Pacific. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 20(1): 1-47 [12].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM 12627, in pools behind reef crest, Heron Is., Great Barrier Reef, QLD.
  Paratype(s) QM 12628.

Distribution

States

Queensland, Western Australia

IMCRA

Central Western Shelf Province (29), Southwest Shelf Transition (30), Southwest Shelf Province (31), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef
  • Western Australia: Lower W coast
• Fiji
• French Polynesia
• Guam
• New Caledonia

Oriental Region

• Philippines

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Obligate Prochloron [Prochlorophyta] symbionts.

General References

Kott, P. 1982. Didemnid-algal symbioses: host species in the western Pacific with notes on the symbiosis. Micronesica 18(1): 95-127

Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 2). Journal of Natural History 38(19): 2455-2526 [2503]

History of changes

• Trididemnum pigmentatum Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [278].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM G308134, Heron Is., low tide rubble fauna, QLD.
  Paratype(s) QM GH325.

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coast
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef, NE coast
  • Western Australia: N coast, NW coast
• Fiji

Oriental Region

• Indonesia

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 2). Journal of Natural History 38(19): 2455-2526 [2503]

Kott, P. 2005. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). Journal of Natural History 39(26): 2409-2479 [2457]

History of changes

• Trididemnum planum Sluiter, C.P. 1909. Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga-Expéditie Report 56B: 1-112 [42].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ZMA TU 1273, Karang Lintang and Pulu Palabangan islands, on Liththothamnion, shore collecting, Indonesia.
  Paralectotype(s) ZMA TU 1098.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Spoel, S. van der 1969. Catalogue of the type specimens of Tunicata in the Zoological Museum in Amsterdam. Bulletin Zoölogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam 1(13): 157-200 [197].

Distribution

States

Northern Territory

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coast

Oriental Region

• Indonesia

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2004. Ascidiacea (Tunicata) in Australian waters of the Timor and Arafura Seas. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 20: 37-81 [62]

History of changes

• Didemnum pseudodiplosoma Kott, P. 1962. The ascidians of Australia III. Aplousobranchiata Lahille: Didemnidae Giard. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 13(3): 265-334 [321].

  Type data:

   Holotype AM Y1527, Port Noarlunga, Gulf St Vincent, SA.
  Paratype(s) AM Y1526.
• Trididemnum inermum Monniot, F. & Monniot, C. 2001. Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific. Zoosystematica Rossica 23(2): 201-383 [263].

  Type data:

   Holotype MNHP A2 TRI 150, Eastern Fields, Coral Sea, 31 m, Papua New Guinea [10°09.35'S 145°33.92'E].
• Trididemnum crystallinum Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [263].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM G302608, Gulf of Carpentaria, Northern Territory, 21 m.

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kott, P. 2004. Ascidiacea (Tunicata) in Australian waters of the Timor and Arafura Seas. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 20: 37-81 [xx] (T. crystallinum)
• Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 2). Journal of Natural History 38(19): 2455-2526 [2504] (T. inermum)

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Coral Sea.

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coast
  • South Australia: S Gulfs coast

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [279]

History of changes

• Trididemnum pusillum Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38(6): 731-774 [764].

  Type data:

   Holotype NTM E32, W of Port Hedland, 40 m, WA.

Distribution

States

Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Province (27)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Western Australia: NW coast

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

History of changes

• Trididemnum reticulatum Kott, P. 2004. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38(6): 731-774 [765].

  Type data:

   Holotype QM G308535, Slashers Reef, central Great Barrier Reef, 4 m, QLD.

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

History of changes

• Didemnum savignii Herdman, W.A. 1886. Report on the Tunicata collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–1876. Pt II, Ascidiae compositae. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger 1873–1876, Zoology 14(38): 1-425 [261].

  Type data:

   
  Syntype(s) BMNH 1887.2.4.398, ?Bermuda; BMNH 1887.2.4.399, ?Bermuda.

  Type locality references:

  Van Name, W.G. 1945. The North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 84: 1-476 [100].
• Didemnum tenebricosum Sluiter, C.P. 1909. Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga-Expéditie Report 56B: 1-112 [48].

  Type data:

   Neotype ZMA TU481, Roti Is., Indonesia.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Spoel, S. van der 1969. Catalogue of the type specimens of Tunicata in the Zoological Museum in Amsterdam. Bulletin Zoölogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam 1(13): 157-200 [174].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Kott, P. 1998. Tunicata. 51-259, 259–261 (App. I–111), 265–292 (Index) in Wells, A. & Houston, W.W.K. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 34. Hemichordata, Tunicata, Cephalochordata. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia 298 pp. [92]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

?West Indies.

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N coast
  • Queensland: NE coast
  • Western Australia: NW coast

Nearctic Region

• United States of America
  • Florida

Neotropical Region

• Bermuda

Oriental Region

• Indonesia

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [281]

Kott, P. 2005. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). Journal of Natural History 39(26): 2409-2479 [2458]

Kott, P. 2008. Biogeographic implications of Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from the Wessel Islands (Arafura Sea). The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 24: 63-77 [72] (new record)

History of changes

• Didemnum sibogae Hartmeyer, R. 1910. Ascidien (continuation of work by Seeliger). pp. 1489-1680 in Bronn, H.G. (ed.). Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs. Leipzig : C.F. Winter Vol. 3, suppl., pts 88–94. [1489] [nom. nov. for Didemnum ramosum Sluiter, 1909].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s).
• Didemnum ramosum Sluiter, C.P. 1909. Die Tunicaten der Siboga Expedition. Pt II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga-Expéditie Report 56B: 1-112 [63] [junior homonym of Didemnum ramosum Gottschaldt, 1898].

  Type data:

   Lectotype ZMA TU476.3, Jedan Is., Aru Is., 13 m, Indonesia.
  Paralectotype(s) ZMA TU1271; ZMA 476.1-2.

  Subsequent designation references:

  Spoel, S. van der 1969. Catalogue of the type specimens of Tunicata in the Zoological Museum in Amsterdam. Bulletin Zoölogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam 1(13): 157-200 [173].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Gulf of Manaar.

IMCRA

Timor Transition (1), Northern Shelf Province (25), Northwest Shelf Transition (26), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Tasmanian Shelf Province (36), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41), Central Western Province (6)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • New South Wales: Central E coast, Lower E coast
  • Northern Territory: Gulf of Carpentaria, N coast
  • Queensland: Gulf of Carpentaria, NE coast
  • South Australia: Great Australian Bight, S Gulfs coast
  • Tasmania: Tas. coast
  • Victoria: Bass Strait
  • Western Australia: NW coast
• New Caledonia

Oriental Region

• Indonesia

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

Extra Ecological Information

Facultative Prochloron [Prochlorophyta] symbionts.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [283]

Kott, P. 2005. New and little known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). Journal of Natural History 39(26): 2409-2479 [2458]

Kott, P. 2008. Biogeographic implications of Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from the Wessel Islands (Arafura Sea). The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 24: 63-77 [72] (new record)

Monniot, F. 1995. Ascidies de Nouvelle-Calédonie XV. Le genre Didemnum. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris [published 1907-1971] 4 16A(2–4): 299-344 [328]

Parry, D.L. & Kott, P. 1988. Cosymbiosis in the Ascidiacea. Bulletin of Marine Science 42(1): 149-153 (as Tridemnum cerebriforme)

History of changes

• Trididemnum spumosum Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [286].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA E2616, on Posidonia, 3–4 m, Edithburgh, Yorke Peninsula, SA.

Distribution

States

South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IMCRA

Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • South Australia: S Gulfs coast

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

History of changes

• Trididemnum tectum Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [288].

  Type data:

   Holotype SAMA E2834, intertidal rock pools, Franklin Is., Nuyts Archipelago, SA.

Distribution

States

South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IMCRA

Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • South Australia: Great Australian Bight

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

History of changes

• Trididemnum tomarahi Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. 1987. Les ascidies de Polynésie française. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris [1936-1950] 136: 1-155 [22].

  Type data:

   Holotype MNHP A2-TRI-54, Tikehau, southern part of back reef, 2 m, French Polynesia.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: Great Barrier Reef
• French Polynesia
• Hawaii
• Palau

Oriental Region

• Philippines

Ecological Descriptors

Benthic, marine.

General References

Kott, P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47(1): 1-410 [288]

History of changes