History of changes

History of changes

• Orsotriaena Wallengren, H.D.J. 1858. Nya fjäril-slägten. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 15: 75-84, 135-143, 209-215 [79].

  Type species:

   Papilio hesione Cramer, 1775 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal
• Papua New Guinea

Oriental Region

General References

Ackery, P.R. 1984. Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London, no. 11. Part 1 Systematics. pp. 9-21 in Vane-Wright, R.I. & Ackery, P.R. (eds). The Biology of Butterflies. London : Academic Press 429 pp. [16]

Ackery, P.R. 1988. Hostplants and classification: a review of nymphalid butterflies. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London 33: 95-203 [103] (bibliography)

Common, I.F.B. & Waterhouse, D.F. 1981. Butterflies of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xiv 682 pp. 49 pls. [324]

Gaede, M. 1931. Familia Satyridae II. Lepidopterorum Catalogus Pt 46 pp. 321–544. [376]

Miller, L.D. 1968. The higher classification, phylogeny and zoogeography of the Satyridae (Lepidoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 24: i-iii, 1-174 [57]

Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [554]

History of changes

Taxonomic Decision for Subspecies Arrangement

• Common, I.F.B. & Waterhouse, D.F. 1981. Butterflies of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xiv 682 pp. 49 pls. [324]
• Edwards, E.D. 1996. Nymphalidae. pp. 243-248, 359-360 in Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds). Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [244]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Extralimital distribution—Papua New Guinea, Oriental Region.

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal
• Papua New Guinea

Oriental Region

Ecological Descriptors

Larva: herbivore.

Extra Ecological Information

Larval food plants not recorded from the Australian mainland, but on Dauan Is. in northern Torres Strait, eggs were obtained by enclosing females on Imperata sp. (Poaceae), and in captivity larvae were reared successfully on Panicum maximum, an introduced grass.

Details of nominate subspecies, not present in Australia

Orsotriaena medus medus (Fabricius, 1775)

Papilio medus Fabricius, J.C. 1775. Systema Entomologiae sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensburgi et Lipsiae : Libraria Kortii 8 vols xxx 832 pp. [488].
Type data: type status unknown BMNH ♂*; Fabricius in the original description did not indicate the number of specimens described, nor did he give the collection from which he described the species; Jones, W. 1783. Icones. [unpublished original watercolour paintings with added notes]. Located at Oxford University, Hope Department of Entomology 6 Vols. [approx. 1783–1818] [vol. 6, pl. 52. fig. 3] (figured a specimen from Banks' collection); Riley, N.D. & Gabriel, A.G. 1924. Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera in the British Museum. Part I. Satyrinae. London : British Museum 62 pp. [35] (did not list a type in the BMNH); Corbet, A.S. 1941. Observations on certain of the Fabrician names of Indo-Australian Rhopalocera (Lepid.). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B 10(6): 98–106 [104] (discussed Banks' specimen concluding that it may be the type); Zimsen, E. 1964. The Type Material of I.C. Fabricius. Copenhagen : Munksgaard 656 pp. [514] (listed the species but did not locate a type specimen).
Type locality: Java, Indonesia (as 'Capite Bonae Spei' in original description), see Zimsen, E. 1964. The Type Material of I.C. Fabricius. Copenhagen : Munksgaard 656 pp. [104] (gave Java as the type locality).

General References

Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [554]

History of changes

• Orsotriaena medus licium Fruhstorfer, 1908.
• Orsotriaena medus moira Waterhouse, G.A. & Lyell, G. 1914. The Butterflies of Australia: a monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera introducing a complete scheme of structural classification, and giving descriptions and illustrations of all the butterflies found in Australia, including a number now recorded for the first time. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 239 pp. 38 pls + 3 unnumbered colour pls. [Date published 25 July 1914] [30 figs 477, 478].

  Type data:

   Lectotype AM KL03014 ♂, Cape York, QLD (Waterhouse & Lyell gave Cape York, Banks Is. and Darnley Is., QLD, in original description).
  Paralectotype(s) AM KL03015 ♀, Cape York, QLD; whereabouts unknown 21♂
  Comment: Waterhouse & Lyell in the original publication mentioned 22 males and 10 females; Peters, J.V. 1971. A Catalogue of the Type Specimens of the Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera) in the Australian Museum. Greenwich, NSW : Australian Entomological Press 36 pp. [20] (type information).

  Type locality references:

  Peters, J.V. 1971. A Catalogue of the Type Specimens of the Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera) in the Australian Museum. Greenwich, NSW : Australian Entomological Press 36 pp. [20] (restricted the type locality to Cape York, QLD).

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Lambkin, T.A. 2008. Orsotriaena medus licium (Fruhstorfer) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in Queensland, Australia. Australian Entomologist 35: 121–128 (Lambkin (2008) compared the wing pattern elements of populations of the satyrine Orsotriaena medus (Fabricius, 1775) from the Torres Strait islands and Papua New Guinea and concluded that the Australian subspecies O. medus moira Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914, be synonymised with O. medus licium (Fruhstorfer, 1908) due to the extent of variation. Material from Buru in eastern Indonesia, the type locality of O. medus licium (Parsons 1998), was not compared and ought to have been done, although it is generally accepted that the geographical range of O. medus licium extends from Sulawesi through eastern Indonesia and mainland New Guinea to New Britain, New Ireland and Bougainville (Lambkin 2008) (see Braby 2010))

Distribution

States

Queensland

IBRA

Qld: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Queensland: NE coastal

Ecological Descriptors

Larva: herbivore.

General References

Braby, M.F. 1995. The distribution, status and habitat associations of the satyrine (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) fauna of northeastern Australia. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 34: 51-61 [54]

Common, I.F.B. & Waterhouse, D.F. 1981. Butterflies of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xiv 682 pp. 49 pls. [324] (biology)

Johnson, S.J., Johnson, I.R. & Valentine, P.S. 1995. Notes on the early stages of Orsotriaena medus moira Waterhouse & Lyell and Melanitis constantia Cramer (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from Torres Strait, Australia. Australian Entomologist 22: 65-68 [65] (biology)

History of changes

History of changes

• Mycalesis Hübner, J. 1818. Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge. Augsburg : Hübner 32 pp. 40 pls. [17] [before 1937 Mycalesis was considered to have been first published in Hübner, J. 1819. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge. Augsburg : Jacob Hübner 17–176 pp. [issued 1819, dated 1816–1826] (54) with subsequent designation of the type species as Papilio evadne Cramer, [1779] by Butler, A.G. 1868. An essay towards an arrangement of the genera of the family Satyridae. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 4: 193–197 (196), but this was erroneous and was subsequently corrected by Hemming (1937)].

  Type species:

   Papilio francisca Stoll, 1780 by subsequent designation, see Hemming, F. 1937. Changes in the genotypes of, or in the priority to be accorded to, eleven genera of Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera, consequent upon the determination of the dates of publication of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London B 6: 149-153 [149].
• Dasyomma Felder, C. & Felder, R. 1860. Lepidoptera nova in paeninsula Malayica collecta diagnosibus instructa. Wiener Entomologische Monatschrift 4(12): 394-402 [401] [junior homonym of Dasyomma Macquart, 1841 (Diptera); Neave, S.A. 1939–1940. Nomenclator Zoologicus: A List of the Names of Genera and Subgenera in Zoology from the Tenth Edition of Linnaeus 1758 to the End of 1935. London : The Zoological Society of London Vol. 1–4 (18) homonymy].

  Type species:

   Dasyomma fuscum C. Felder & R. Felder, 1860 by monotypy.
• Culapa Moore, F. 1879. A list of the lepidopterous insects collected by Mr. Ossian Limborg in Upper Tenasserim, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1878(4): 821-859 pls 51-53 [publication date: Duncan, F.M. 1937. Dates of publication of the society's Proceedings, 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of "Proceedings" 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the "Transactions", 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London A 107: 71–84] [825].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis mnasicles Hewitson, 1864 by monotypy.
• Calysisme Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [161] [junior homonym of Calysisme Moore, 1880 (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae); Neave, S.A. 1939–1040. Nomenclator Zoologicus: A List of the Names of Genera and Subgenera in Zoology from the Tenth Edition of Linnaeus 1758 to the End of 1935. London : The Zoological Society of London Vol. 1–4 (557) homonymy].

  Type species:

   Papilio drusia Cramer, 1775 by subsequent designation, see Moore, F. 1891. Lepidoptera Indica. Rhopalocera: family Nymphalidae, sub-families Euploeinae and Satyrinae. London : Lovell Reeve & Co. Vol. 1(8) (Oct. 1891) pp. 153-176. [issued 1891, dated 1890–92] [172]; Hemming, F. 1967. The generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Suppl. 9: 1-509 [93] (discussed and dismissed earlier opinions that Calysisme was based on a misidentified type species, also discussed publication priority).
• Calysisme Moore, F. 1880. The Lepidoptera of Ceylon. London : L. Reeve & Co. Vol. 1 pp. 1-40 pls 1-18. [issued 1880, dated 1880–1881] [20] [published on 14 December 1880, a senior homonym of Calysisme Moore published on [31] December 1880].

  Type species:

   Papilio drusia Cramer, 1775 by subsequent designation, see Moore, F. 1891. Lepidoptera Indica. Rhopalocera: family Nymphalidae, sub-families Euploeinae and Satyrinae. London : Lovell Reeve & Co. Vol. 1(8) (Oct. 1891) pp. 153-176. [issued 1891, dated 1890–92] [172].
• Dalapa Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [158].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis sundra C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867 by original designation.
• Gareris Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [156] [junior objective synonym of Mycalesis Hübner, 1818].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis sanatana Moore, 1857 by original designation.
• Indalasa Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [166].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis moorei C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867 by monotypy.
• Jatana Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [164].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis mynois Hewitson, 1864 by monotypy.
• Kabanda Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [168].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis malsarida Butler, 1868 by original designation.
• Loesa Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [177].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis oroatis Hewitson, 1864 by monotypy.
• Lohora Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [175].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis dexamenus Hewitson, 1862 by original designation.
• Martanda Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [169].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis janardana Moore, 1857 by original designation.
• Nasapa Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [176].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis aramis Hewitson, 1866 by monotypy.
• Nebdara Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [173].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis tagala C. Felder & R. Felder, 1863 by original designation.
• Nissanga Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [169] [junior homonym of Nissanga Moore, 1880 (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae); Hemming, F. 1967. The generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology Suppl. 9: 1–509 [314] discussed publication priority].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis patnia Moore, 1857 by monotypy.
• Pachama Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [165].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis mestra Hewitson, 1862 by monotypy.
• Sadarga Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [157].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis gotama Moore, 1857 by original designation.
• Samanta Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [166].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis malsara Moore, 1857 by original designation.
• Satoa Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [157].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis maianeas Hewitson, 1864 by monotypy.
• Sevanda Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [174].

  Type species:

   Satyrus duponcheli Guérin-Méneville, 1838 by original designation.
• Suralaya Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [159].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis orseis Hewitson, 1864 by original designation.
• Telinga Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [167].

  Type species:

   Satyrus adolphei Guérin-Méneville, 1843 by monotypy.
• Virapa Moore, F. 1880. On the Asiatic Lepidoptera referred to the genus Mycalesis; with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 28(4): 155-177 [155].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis anaxias Hewitson, 1862 by original designation.
• Myrtilus de Nicéville, L. 1891. On new and little-known butterflies from the Indo-Malayan region. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 6(3): 341-398 [341].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis mystes De Nicéville, 1891 by original designation.
• Samundra Moore, F. 1891. Lepidoptera Indica. Rhopalocera: family Nymphalidae, sub-families Euploeinae and Satyrinae. London : Lovell Reeve & Co. Vol. 1(8) (Oct. 1891) pp. 153-176. [issued 1891, dated 1890–92] [162].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis anaxioides Marshall & de Nicéville, 1883 by monotypy.
• Physcon de Nicéville, L. 1898. On new and little-known butterflies from the Indo-Malayan, and Austro-Malayan, and Australian regions. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 12(1): 131-161 [133].

  Type species:

   Mycalesis pandaea Hopffer, 1874 by original designation.
• Celebina Fruhstorfer, H. 1899. Neue Mycalesis aus Celebes. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 59(9–10): 263-266 [issued 1899, dated 1898] [263] [first made available as a subgenus of Mycalesis Hübner, 1818].

  Type species:

   Celebina inga Fruhstorfer, 1899 by subsequent designation, see Hemming, F. 1935. Notes on seventeen genera of Rhopalocera. Stylops 4: 1-3 [1].

Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy

• Gaede, M. 1931. Familia Satyridae II. Lepidopterorum Catalogus Pt 46 pp. 321–544. [321]
• Edwards, E.D. 1996. Nymphalidae. pp. 243-248, 359-360 in Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds). Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [244]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

IBRA

NT, Qld: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Original AFD Distribution Data

Afrotropical Region

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N Gulf, N coastal
  • Queensland: N Gulf, NE coastal
• Indonesia
  • Aru Islands
  • Irian Jaya
  • Kei Islands
  • Maluku
• Papua New Guinea
• Solomon Islands
• Vanuatu

Oriental Region

General References

Ackery, P.R. 1984. Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London, no. 11. Part 1 Systematics. pp. 9-21 in Vane-Wright, R.I. & Ackery, P.R. (eds). The Biology of Butterflies. London : Academic Press 429 pp. [16]

Ackery, P.R. 1988. Hostplants and classification: a review of nymphalid butterflies. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London 33: 95-203 [103] (bibliography)

Braby, M.F. 1994. Morphology of the early stages of Mycalesis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from north-east Australia. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 33: 289-294 [289]

Braby, M.F. 1994. Phenotypic variation on adult Mycalesis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from the Australian wet-dry tropics. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 33: 327-336 [327]

Miller, L.D. 1968. The higher classification, phylogeny and zoogeography of the Satyridae (Lepidoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 24: i-iii, 1-174 [57]

Moore, G.J. 1999. The Bushbrowns, Mycalesis species (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). pp. 217-226 in Kitching, R.L., Scheermeyer, E., Jones, R.L. & Pierce, N.E. (eds). Biology of Australian Butterflies. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing xvi 395 pp. [217]

Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [544]

Waterhouse, G.A. & Lyell, G. 1914. The Butterflies of Australia: a monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera introducing a complete scheme of structural classification, and giving descriptions and illustrations of all the butterflies found in Australia, including a number now recorded for the first time. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 239 pp. 38 pls + 3 unnumbered colour pls. [Date published 25 July 1914] [28]

History of changes

Taxonomic Decision for Subspecies Arrangement

• Common, I.F.B. & Waterhouse, D.F. 1981. Butterflies of Australia. Sydney : Angus & Robertson xiv 682 pp. 49 pls. [323]
• Edwards, E.D. 1996. Nymphalidae. pp. 243-248, 359-360 in Nielsen, E.S., Edwards, E.D. & Rangsi, T.V. (eds). Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Collingwood : CSIRO Publishing Vol. 4 xiv 529 pp. & CD-ROM. [244]

Distribution

States

Northern Territory, Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Extralimital distribution—Indonesia (Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Oriental Region.

IBRA

NT, Qld: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Other Regions

Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • Northern Territory: N Gulf, N coastal
  • Queensland: N Gulf, NE coastal
• Indonesia
  • Irian Jaya
• Papua New Guinea
• Solomon Islands
• Vanuatu

Oriental Region

Ecological Descriptors

Larva: herbivore (associated flora: Heteropogon triticeus (R.Br.) Stapf ex Craib [POACEAE] Giant Speargrass; Panicum maximum Jacq., 1781 [POACEAE] Guinea Grass; Dichanthium sericeum (R.Br.) A.Camus [POACEAE] Queensland Blue Grass; Themeda triandra Forsskål [POACEAE]).

Extra Ecological Information

Panicum maximum (Poaceae) is introduced.

General References

Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [545] (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement did not recognise subspecies in the Australia-New Guinea-Vanuatu region and made no mention of populations outside of this area)

Parsons, M.J. 1998. The Butterflies of Papua New Guinea; their systematics and biology. San Diego : Academic Press 736 pp. [545]

Waterhouse, G.A. & Lyell, G. 1914. The Butterflies of Australia: a monograph of the Australian Rhopalocera introducing a complete scheme of structural classification, and giving descriptions and illustrations of all the butterflies found in Australia, including a number now recorded for the first time. Sydney : Angus & Robertson 239 pp. 38 pls + 3 unnumbered colour pls. [Date published 25 July 1914] [29]

History of changes