Introduction

The Coreoidea is a superfamily of pentatomomorphan bugs comprising five families: Alydidae, Coreidae, Hyocephalidae, Rhopalidae and Stenocephalidae. The superfamily is represented in all major zoogeographic regions. The Alydidae, Coreidae and Rhopalidae are also cosmopolitan in distribution. The Hyocephalidae are an Australian endemic family and the Stenocephalidae are restricted to the Eastern Hemisphere. All of the coreoid families are present in Australia.

Reuter (1910) first established the Coreoidea as a superfamily of the Heteroptera. Tullgren (1918) included the coreoids in his 'Trichophora' (Heteroptera with patterned lateral abdominal trichobothria). Leston et al. (1954) placed the Coreoidea within the Pentatomomorpha but without indicating the included families.

The composition of the Coreoidea was in dispute in the 1960s. Schaefer (1964, 1981) proposed a restricted grouping of families (Alydidae, Coreidae, Rhopalidae and Stenocephalidae) and later included the Hyocephalidae in this arrangement. Štys (1967; also Štys & Kerzhner 1975) regarded the Coreoidea more broadly to include the aforementioned families, as well as families of the Lygaeoidea and Pyrrhocoroidea sensu Schaefer. He recognised a number of informal groups, including the 'malcid line' (Berytidae, Colobathristidae, Cymidae and Malcidae), 'largid line' (Largidae and Pyrrhocoridae), 'coreid line' (Alydidae, Coreidae, Hyocephalidae, Rhopalidae and Stenocephalidae), as well as the Lygaeidae. The differences in classification are in part explained by the alternative ranking of these taxa, as Štys' 'coreid line' is synonymous with Schaefer's Coreoidea. Most subsequent workers have upheld Schaefer's arrangement including the family composition of the superfamily (e.g. Carver et al. 1991; Schuh & Slater 1995; Henry 1997). This arrangement is followed in the Catalogue.

Henry (1997) proposed monophyly of the Coreoidea on the basis of elongate bucculae, the platelike ovipositor and loss of the Y sex chromosome. These features alone are not conclusive as only the Rhopalidae possess elongate bucculae and the Stenocephalidae and Hyocephalidae have a laciniate ovipositor. The position of the Stenocephalidae has been conjectural. Some authors considered them to hold an intermediary position between coreoids and lygaeoids (e.g. Scudder 1957; Lansbury 1965) or within the lygaeoids (e.g. Lewis & Scudder 1958). Schaefer (1981) aligned them with the Hyocephalidae, in a basal position within the Coreoidea. Henry (1997) differed from Schaefer (1964, 1981) in recognising the Rhopalidae as basal within the Coreoidea. There is, however, general agreement that the Coreidae + Alydidae and Stenocephalidae + Hyocephalidae are both well supported as sister-groups (Kumar 1965; Schaefer 1964, 1981; Henry 1997).

General References

Carver, M., Gross, G.F. & Woodward, T.E. 1991. Hemiptera (bugs, leafhoppers, cicadas, aphids, scale insects, etc.) [with contributions by Cassis, G., Evans, J.W., Fletcher, M.J., Hill, L., Lansbury, I., Malipatil, M.B., Monteith, G.B., Moulds, M.S., Polhemus, J.T., Slater, J.A., Štys, P., Taylor, K.L., Weir, T.A. & Williams, D.J.]. pp. 429-509 in CSIRO (ed.). The Insects of Australia. A textbook for students and research workers. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press Vol. 1 xiii 542 pp.

Cassis, G. & Gross, G.F. 2002. Hemiptera: Heteroptera (Pentatomomorpha). in Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. Zoological Catalogue of Australia Vol. 27.3B. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia. xiv 737 pp. [73]

Henry, T.J. 1997. Phylogenetic analysis of family groups within the infraorder Pentatomomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), with emphasis on the Lygaeoidea. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 90(3): 275-301

Kumar, R. 1965. Aspects of the morphology of Coreoidea and their value in its higher classification. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 76: 27-91

Lansbury, I. 1965. A revision of the Stenocephalidae Dallas 1852 (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 101: 52-92

Leston, D., Pendergrast, J.G. & Southwood, T.R.E. 1954. Classification of the terrestrial Heteroptera (Geocorisae). Nature (London) 174: 91-92

Lewis, K.R. & Scudder, G.G.E. 1958. The chromosomes of Dicranocephalus agilis (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Cytologia 23: 92-104

Reuter, O.M. 1910. Neue Beiträge zur Phylogenie und Systematik der Miriden nebst einleitenden Bemerkungen über die Phylogenie der Heteropteren-Familien. Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae 37(3): 1-167

Schaefer, C.W. 1964. The morphology and higher classification of the Coreoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera): Parts I and II. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 57: 670-684

Schaefer, C.W. 1981. The morphology and relationships of the Stenocephalidae and Hyocephalidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreoidea). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 74: 83-95

Schuh, R.T. & Slater, J.A. 1995. True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and Natural History. Ithaca : Cornell University Press xii 336 pp.

Scudder, G.G.E. 1957. The systematic position of Dicranocephalus Hahn, 1826 and its allies (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (A) 32(10–12): 147-158

Štys, P. 1967. Monograph of Malcinae, with reconsideration of morphology and phylogeny of related groups. (Heteroptera, Malcidae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 37: 351-516

Štys, P. & Kerzhner, I. 1975. The rank and nomenclature of higher taxa in recent Heteroptera. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 72: 65-79

Tullgren, A. 1918. Zur Morphologie und Systematik der Hemipteren I. Entomologisk Tidskrift 1918: 113-133

History of changes

Introduction

The Alydidae or broad-headed bugs are a cosmopolitan family of coreoid bugs. About 45 genera and 254 species are known worldwide (Slater 1982; Schuh & Slater 1995; Zoological Record 1995–2001; Henry 2009), with most species occurring in the subtropical and tropical regions of the world. The Australian fauna comprises seven genera and 16 species.

The alydids were first recognised as a family by Amyot & Serville (1843), a ranking which has been followed by most subsequent authors (Schaefer 1965; Slater 1982; Schuh & Slater 1995). Stål (1867) regarded them as a subfamily of the Coreidae, and despite a close relationship, this classification has had little modern usage. Schaefer (1965) identified two subfamilies, the Alydinae and Micrelytrinae, with the latter divided into two tribes (Micrelytrinae and Leptocorisini). Ahmad (1965) raised the Leptocorisini to subfamily, thereby recognising three alydid subfamilies. Until recently, this arrangement had been followed by most authors (Schaefer 1979, 1980, 1996; Froeschner 1988). Li & Zheng (1993) provided a cladistic classification of the alydids, supporting Schaefer's (1965) division into two subfamilies. Schaefer (1999) reviewed the morphology and classification of the alydids and established the following classification: Alydinae (Alydini and Daclerini) and Micrelytrinae (Micrelytrini and Leptocorisini: Leptocorisina and Noliphina). This arrangement is followed in the Catalogue.

Lethierry & Severin (1894) is the most recent bibliographic treatment of the family on a worldwide basis. A number of regional catalogues exist, among them Oshanin (1912) and Dolling (2006 C; Palaearctic Region), Froeschner (1981; Ecuador) (1988; Nearctic Region)(2000; Panama). The Alydidae have received little modern monographic treatment. The most important revisionary works are: Stål (1859, 1867, 1873; world), Fracker (1918; Nearctic Region), Gross (1963; Micronesia), Schaffner (1964; world), Ahmad (1965; Leptocorisini of world), Linnavuori (1987; west and central Africa), Brailovsky (1991; Neotropical Region), and Moulet (1995; Mediterranean), Göllner-Sheiding (2000; Africa) and Schaefer (2004; Nearctic region).

The Australian alydids are not represented by a distinctive autochthonous element—only one genus and four species being restricted to Australia. A number of species are broadly distributed in Australia and also in Melanesia and/or the Oriental Region, e.g. Melanacanthus margineguttatus Distant, Riptortus abdominalis (Westwood), R. atricornis Stål, R. linearis (Fabricius), R. serripes (Fabricius), Leptocorisa acuta (Thunberg), L. oratorius (Fabricius), L. palawanenis Ahmad, Mutusca brevicornis (Dallas), M. prolixa (Stål), Noliphus annulipes Walker and N. erythrocephalus Stål.

The Alydinae are the most diverse alydid subfamily and are found in all major zoogeographic Regions (Schaffner 1964). In Australia, the Alydinae are represented by three genera (Hamedius Stål, Melanacanthus Stål and Riptortus Stål) and eight species. Species of the latter two genera are commonly found in the tropical and subtropical regions of Australia, often on the seeds of Acacia species. Both genera are in need of taxonomic revision and new species of Riptortus await description.

The Daclerini is a monogeneric tribe of alydids that are found in the Australian and Oriental Regions. In Australia, they are represented by the endemic species, Daclera rufescens Stål, which is only known from tropical coastal Queensland.

The Micrelytrinae are represented in Australia by both subtribes of the Leptocorisini. The Leptocorisina, best known by the paddy bugs (Leptocorisa Latreille), are serious pests of rice. Three species of Leptocorisa are known for Australia, two of which are ubiquitous in the north of the continent. The Noliphina are represented in Australia by two species of Noliphus Stål, both of which occur in the tropical regions of Queensland and the Northern Territory, and extralimitally.

Alydids are phytophagous on either vegetative material or ripe and unripe seeds. Schaefer (1980), Schaefer & Mitchell (1983) and Schuh & Slater (1995) summarised their feeding habits and host plant relationships. Alydinae feed predominantly on Fabaceae and Micrelytrinae feed mainly on grasses. Schaefer (1972) discussed the evolution of alydids in relation to feeding behaviour. He distinguished groups on the basis of 'primitive' (Noliphina) and 'advanced' (Leptocorisina) grass-feeders, and epigaeic (and perhaps arboreal) seed-predators (Alydinae). Panizzi et al. (2000) reviewed alydid biology and species of economic importance, including Leptocorisa acuta, Riptortus linearis and R. serripes.

The host associations of Australian alydids are poorly known and a number of hosts listed in the Catalogue are from collections and may represent merely 'sitting records'. The majority of alydine species in Australia are found on either legumes (e.g. Cassia spp.) or wattles. Riptortus linearis is a pest of legumes and is also known from several unrelated hosts. The pod-sucking bug, Riptortus serripes, feeds on Acacia species and is an occasional pest of soybeans.

The host associations of the Leptocorisina have been documented more fully. Sands (1977) provided a detailed account of the biology of Leptocorisa species in Papua New Guinea, outlining their life histories, host associations and crop damage. Leptocorisa acuta is a major pest of rice, and is also known from a wide range of other grasses. The larvae and adults of this species can cause complete crop loss by feeding on the developing rice grains in the milky stage (Siwi & van Doesburg 1984). Monteith (1982) reported that this species aggregates in large populations in monsoon forests of tropical Queensland in the dry season. There are no previously published host records for Mutusca species, but they are known to be abundant on a wide variety of grasses. Nothing is known of the host associations of Noliphus species in Australia.

Alydines are also characterised by ant-mimetic larvae. Oliveira (1985) and McIver & Stonedahl (1943) reported on the morphological and behavioural aspects of the mimicry.

Diagnosis

Most species of Alydidae are characterised by their elongate and slender form and often elongate appendages. They are often dull grey-brown in colour. Some species mimic ants (particularly the larvae) or wasps. The head width is greater than half the width of the posterior margin of the pronotum. The bucculae never exceed the antenniferous tubercles. The antennae are inserted dorsad of the midline of the eye. The metathoracic glands have a single small sac and the external efferent system has a distinct peritreme. The membrane of the hemelytra has numerous veins. The abdominal trichobothria are lateral and sublateral on sterna V–VII and submedial on sterna III and IV. The male and female genitalia are diagnostic. (Ahmad & Southwood 1964; Schaefer 1975; McIver & Stonedahl 1993; Schuh & Slater 1995)

Diagnosis References

Ahmad, I. & Southwood, T.R.E. 1964. The morphology of the alydid abdomen with special reference to the genitalia and its bearing on classification (Heteroptera). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 107: 1-42

McIver, J.D. & Stonedahl, G. 1993. Myrmecomorphy: morphological and behavioural mimicry of ants. Annual Review of Entomology 38: 351-379

Schaefer, C.W. 1975. Heteropteran trichobothria, (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 4: 193-264

Schuh, R.T. & Slater, J.A. 1995. True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and Natural History. Ithaca : Cornell University Press xii 336 pp.

Slater, J.A. 1982. Hemiptera. pp. 417-447 in Parker, S.P. (ed.). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. New York : McGraw Hill Book Co.

General References

Ahmad, I. 1965. The Leptocorisinae (Heteroptera: Alydidae) of the world. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology (Supplement) 5: 1-156

Ahmad, I. & Southwood, T.R.E. 1964. The morphology of the alydid abdomen with special reference to the genitalia and its bearing on classification (Heteroptera). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 107: 1-42

Amyot, C.J.B. & Audinet-Serville, J.G. 1843. Histoire Naturelle des Insects. Hémiptères. Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Rue Hautefeuille 10 B13 676 pp.

Brailovsky, H. 1991. Hemiptera-Heteroptera from Mexico. LXIII. A new genus and three new species of Neotropical Micrelytrinae (Alydidae) collected on bamboos. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 99: 487-495

Dolling, W.R. 2006. Alydidae. pp. 28-42 in Aukema B. & Reiger Ch. (Eds.). Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Amsterdam : Netherlands Entomological Society Vol. 5 pp. i-xiii, 1-550.

Fracker, S.B. 1918. The Alydinae of the United States. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 11: 255-280

Froeschner, R.C. 1981. Heteroptera or true bugs of Ecuador: a partial catalog. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 1981(322): iv 1-147

Froeschner, R.C. 1988. Alydidae. pp. 4-11 in Henry, T.J. & Froeschner, R.C. (eds). Catalog of the Heteroptera, or True Bugs, of Canada and the Continental United States. Leiden : E.J. Brill xix 958 pp.

Froeschner, R.C. 2000. True Bugs (Heteroptera) of Panama: A synoptic catalog as a contribution to the study of Panamanian biodiversity. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 62: ii 1-393

Göllner-Scheiding, U. 2000. The Alydinae of Africa (Insecta: Heteroptera: Coreoidea: Alydidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen. Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Dresden 59(1): 5-53

Gross, G.F. 1963. Insects of Micronesia. Coreidae (Alydini by J.C. Schaffner), Neididae, and Nabidae. Insects of Micronesia 7: 357-390

Henry, T.J. 2009. Biodiversity of the Heteroptera. pp. 223–263 in Foottit, R.G. & Adler P.H. (eds). Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society. Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell.

Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. 1894. Catalogue Général des Hémiptères. Tome II. Hétéroptères Coreidae, Berytidae, Lygaeidae, Pyrrhocoridae. Bruxelles : F. Hayez 277 pp.

Li, X.-Z. & Zheng, L.-Y. 1993. Preliminary study on the phylogeny of Alydidae (Hemiptera: Coreoidea). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 18(3): 330-343

Linnavuori, R. 1987. Alydidae, Stenocephalidae and Rhopalidae of West and Central Africa. Acta Entomologica Fennica 49: 1-36

McIver, J.D. & Stonedahl, G. 1993. Myrmecomorphy: morphological and behavioural mimicry of ants. Annual Review of Entomology 38: 351-379

Monteith, G.B. 1982. Dry season aggregations of insects in Australian monsoon forests. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 20: 533-543 pl. 1

Moulet, P. 1995. Hémiptères Coreoidea (Coreidae, Rhopalidae, Alydidae), Pyrrhocoridae, Stenocephalidae, Euro-Méditerranéens. Faune de France 81: v 1-336

Oliviera, P.S. 1985. On the mimetic association between nymphs of Hyalymenus spp. (Hemiptera: Alydidae) and ants. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 83: 371-384

Oshanin, B.F. 1912. Katalog der paläarktischen Hemipteren (Heteroptera, Homoptera—Auchenorrhyncha und Psylloideae). Berlin : R. Friedländer & Sohn xvi 187 pp.

Panizzi, A.R., Schaefer, C.W. & Natuhara, Y. 2000. Broad-Headed Bugs (Alydidae). pp. 321-336 in Schaefer, C.W. & Panizzi, A.R. (eds). Heteroptera of Economic Importance. Boca Raton : CRC Press 828 pp.

Sands, D.P.A. 1977. The biology and ecology of Leptocorisa (Hemiptera: Alydidae) in Papua New Guinea. Research Bulletin of the Department of Primary Industry, Port Morseby 1977(18): 1-104

Schaefer, C.W. 1965. The morphology and higher classification of the Coreoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Parts III. The families Rhopalidae, Alydidae, and Coreidae. Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America 5: 1-76

Schaefer, C.W. 1972. Clades and grades in the Alydidae. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 45: 135-141

Schaefer, C.W. 1975. Heteropteran trichobothria, (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 4: 193-264

Schaefer, C.W. 1979. The host plants of the Alydinae, with a note on heterotypic feeding aggregations (Hemiptera: Coreidae: Alydidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 53: 115-122

Schaefer, C.W. 1980. The host plants of Alydinae, with a note on heterotypic feeding aggregations (Hemiptera: Coreoidea: Alydidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 53: 115-122

Schaefer, C.W. 1996. A new species of Cydamus, with a key to the species of the genus (Hemiptera: Alydidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 89: 37-40

Schaefer, C.W. 1999. The higher classification of the Alydidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 10(1): 94-98

Schaefer, C.W. 2004. Key to the genera of New World Alydidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106(2): 280-287

Schaefer, C.W. & Mitchell, P.L. 1983. Food plants of the Coreoidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 76: 591-615

Schaffner, J.C. 1964. A Taxonomic Revision of Certain Genera of the Tribe Alydini (Heteroptera, Cordeidae). Ames : Iowa State University.

Schuh, R.T. & Slater, J.A. 1995. True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Classification and Natural History. Ithaca : Cornell University Press xii 336 pp.

Siwi, S.S. & van Doesburg, P.H. 1984. Leptocorisa Latreille in Indonesia (Heteroptera, Coreidae, Alydinae). Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) 58: 117-129

Slater, J.A. 1982. Hemiptera. pp. 417-447 in Parker, S.P. (ed.). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. New York : McGraw Hill Book Co.

Stål, C. 1859. Till kännedomen om Coreida. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 16: 449-477

Stål, C. 1867. Bidrag till Hemipterernas Systematik. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 24(7): 491-560

Stål, C. 1873. Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en förteckning öfver aller hittills kända Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 3. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens Nya Handlingar, Stockholm n.f. 11(2): 1-163

History of changes

History of changes

History of changes

• Hamedius Stål, C. 1859. Till kännedomen om Coreida. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 16: 449-477 [461].

  Type species:

   Hypselopus incarnatus Erichson, 1842 by monotypy.

Distribution

States

Tasmania

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

General References

Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. 1894. Catalogue Général des Hémiptères. Tome II. Hétéroptères Coreidae, Berytidae, Lygaeidae, Pyrrhocoridae. Bruxelles : F. Hayez 277 pp. [111] (catalogue)

Stål, C. 1873. Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en förteckning öfver aller hittills kända Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 3. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens Nya Handlingar, Stockholm n.f. 11(2): 1-163 [95] (list)

History of changes

• Hypselopus incarnatus Erichson, W.F. 1842. Beitrag zur Insecten-fauna von Vandiemensland, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der geographischen Verbreitung der Insecten. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 8(1): 83-287, pls 4, 5 [278].

  Type data:

   Holotype ZMB, TAS (as Vandiemensland).

Distribution

States

Tasmania

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

IBRA

Tas: Ben Lomond (BEL), Flinders (FLI), King (KIN), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Tasmanian West (TWE)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, granivore, herbivore, temperate, terrestrial, volant.

General References

Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. 1894. Catalogue Général des Hémiptères. Tome II. Hétéroptères Coreidae, Berytidae, Lygaeidae, Pyrrhocoridae. Bruxelles : F. Hayez 277 pp. [111] (catalogue)

Stål, C. 1859. Till kännedomen om Coreida. Öfversigt af Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm 16: 449-477 [461] (description)

Stål, C. 1873. Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en förteckning öfver aller hittills kända Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 3. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens Nya Handlingar, Stockholm n.f. 11(2): 1-163 [95] (list)

History of changes

• Melanacanthus Stål, C. 1873. Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en förteckning öfver aller hittills kända Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 3. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Academiens Nya Handlingar, Stockholm n.f. 11(2): 1-163 [92] [first introduced as a subgenus of Mirperus Stål, 1859].

  Type species:

   Tupalus ferrugineus Stål, 1870 by subsequent designation, see Distant, W.L. 1911. Rhynchotal notes. LV. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 7: 576-586 [584].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Distribution References

General References

Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. 1894. Catalogue Général des Hémiptères. Tome II. Hétéroptères Coreidae, Berytidae, Lygaeidae, Pyrrhocoridae. Bruxelles : F. Hayez 277 pp. [108] (catalogue)

History of changes

• Mirperus funebris Horváth, G. 1902. Descriptions of new Hemiptera from New South Wales. Természetrajzi Füzetek 25: 601-612 [603].

  Type data:

   Holotype HNHM ♀, Richmond, Hawkesbury Agricultural College, NSW (as Richmond, Hawk's College, NSW).

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IBRA

NSW: NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, granivore, herbivore, sap-feeder (associated flora: Vigna unguiculata unguiculata Walp. [FABACEAE] Cowpea), temperate, terrestrial, volant.

History of changes

• Melanacanthus margineguttatus Distant, W.L. 1911. Rhynchotal notes. LV. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 7: 576-586 [585].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH ♂, N Australia (no exact locality); Alexandria, NT.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

QLD—Mackay, Mornington Is., Normanton, Thorntonia, NSW—Armidale, Bourke, Menindee Lakes, SA—Anna Creek, Aroona Dam, Belair, Chambers Gorge, Cullymurra Waterhole, Everard Ranges, Godyer Siding, Lake Eyre, Mitcham, Mt Hall, Underdale, Wallaroo, Wirreandah Creek, Woolcalla Siding, WA—Marble Bar, Maya, NT—Mataranka, Renner Springs, Uluru.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, granivore (associated flora: Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. [FABACEAE] Pigeon Pea; Melaleuca sp. [MYRTACEAE] Tea-tree; Capparis mitchellii Lindl. [CAPPARIDACEAE] Wild Orange; Jatropha gossypifolia L. [EUPHORBIACEAE]), herbivore, subtropical, temperate, terrestrial, tropical, volant.

General References

China, W.E. 1930. Insects of Samoa and other Samoan terrestrial Arthropoda. Part II. Fasc. 3. Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Insects of Samoa and Other Samoan Terrestrial Arthropoda 2(3): 81-162 [84, 97] (Samoa, list, distribution)

Evans, J.W. 1928. A note on the occurrence of the coreid Melanacanthus margine-guttatus Distant, in New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 10 2: 463-464 [463] (New Zealand)

Gross, G.F. 1963. Insects of Micronesia. Coreidae (Alydini by J.C. Schaffner), Neididae, and Nabidae. Insects of Micronesia 7: 357-390 [358, 373] (Micronesia)

Usinger, R.L. 1946. Hemiptera Heteroptera of Guam. pp. 11–103 in, Insects of Guam, II. Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 189. [25] (Guam, biology)

Woodward, T.E. 1951. The occurrence of Acantholybas brunneus Breddin in New Zealand (Heteroptera: Coreidae). Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 79: 206-209 [207] (New Zealand)

Woodward, T.E. 1961. The Heteroptera of New Zealand. Part III—Coreidae, Berytidae, Tingidae, Cimicidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 1: 145-158 [149] (New Zealand)

History of changes

• Alydus scutellaris Dallas, W.S. 1852. List of the Specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. London : Taylor & Francis Part 2 369-592 pp. pls XII-XV. [474].

  Type data:

   Syntype(s) BMNH, Swan River, WA; Australia (as New Holland).

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

QLD—Cunnamulla, Mornington Is., Normanton, NSW—Bourke district, Tamworth, SA—Adelaide, Balcanoona Station, Blackwood, Calpatanna Conservation Park, Coorong National Park, Everard Ranges, Ferries-McDonald Conservation Park, Kalamurrina Waterhole, Lake Eyre, Lake Newland, Mt Barker, Mt Lofty, Ooldea, Pearson Is., Stuart Creek, Wirraminna, WA—Kununurra district, Marble Bar.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Burt Plain (BRT), Central Arnhem (CA), Carnarvon (CAR), Channel Country (CHC), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Coolgardie (COO), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Davenport Murchison Ranges (DMR), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Esperance Plains (ESP), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gascoyne (GAS), Gawler (GAW), Gibson Desert (GD), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Great Sandy Desert (GSD), Gulf Plains (GUP), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), Little Sandy Desert (LSD), MacDonnell Ranges (MAC), Mallee (MAL), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Murchison (MUR), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Nullarbor (NUL), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Pilbara (PIL), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tanami (TAN), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT), Yalgoo (YAL)

Ecological Descriptors

Arboreal, granivore (associated flora: Acacia longifolia sophorae (Labill.) Court [FABACEAE] Coast Wattle; Melaleuca lanceolata Otto [MYRTACEAE]), herbivore, subtropical, temperate, terrestrial, tropical, volant.

General References

Distant, W.L. 1911. Rhynchotal notes. LV. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8 7: 576-586 [585] (note)

Horváth, G. 1902. Descriptions of new Hemiptera from New South Wales. Természetrajzi Füzetek 25: 601-612 [602] (note)

Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. 1894. Catalogue Général des Hémiptères. Tome II. Hétéroptères Coreidae, Berytidae, Lygaeidae, Pyrrhocoridae. Bruxelles : F. Hayez 277 pp. [108] (catalogue)

Common Name References

Naumann, I. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Australian Insect Names. Common and Scientific Names for Insects and Allied Organisms of Economic and Environmental Importance. Melbourne : CSIRO Publications v 200 pp. [Date published 31/12/1993] [146] (Brown Bean Bug, Podsucking Bug)

History of changes