• Conescharellinidae Levinsen, 1909.
• Biporidae Gregory, 1893.

Introduction

Gregory (1893) introduced the subfamily Biporinae for ascophorans with an orificial sinus or with an ascopore ('trypa'), with patelliform colonies and regularly arranged avicularia. Levinsen (1909) introduced the Conescharellinidae for Conescharellina and Flabellopora, originally described from Philippines and China Sea respectively by d'Orbigny (1852). Bassler (1953) added Bipora (including Zeuglopora), Trochosodon, and Crucescharellina to the Conescharellinidae. Although Biporidae has at times been recognised as having seniority, Bock & Cook (2004) discuss the history of the relationships and conclude that Conescharellinidae has been in common usage and should thus be considered the senior synonym. Six of the seven genera occur in Australia (Bock & Cook, 2004).

Many past attempts to explain the astogeny of the colonies, from Tenison Woods's (1880) first descriptions, to the investigations of Whitelegge (1887), Maplestone (1909; 1910), Silén (1947) and Harmer (1957), lacked full understanding of frontal budding (Banta 1972), and reversed frontal budding (Cook & Lagaaij 1976).

Colonies are formed entirely by reversed frontal budding. The ancestrula is part of a binary complex including a rhizoid. Autozooids are orientated with the proximal orificial sinus and the ascus directed antapically, away from the ancestrula. All calcified zooid walls are frontal and interior, and alternating zones of buds derived from frontal septulae increase rapidly in size with astogeny. Kenozooids (lunoecia) produce further rhizoids as the colony grows, usually near the earliest astogenetic region. Avicularia are interzooidal and form distinctive patterns. Ovicells are known in few species; they are extremely delicate and sometimes asymmetrical (Harmer 1957).

Colonies are minute, and therefore not often recorded. Conescharellina rarely exceeds 8 mm in diameter, whereas the leaf-like lobes of Flabellopora attain a width of 30 mm, but usually are much smaller. Genera are characterised by the orientation of the zooids in the colony structure. Conescharellina and Trochosodon are radially arranged in conical or lens-shaped colonies. In Zeuglopora and Flabellopora, the cone is laterally compressed, forming a superficially bilaminar structure. Colonies of Bipora show an intermediate condition and are fan-shaped. In Crucescharellina the cone is vertically compressed, the zooids occurring in branched, star-shaped groups.

At maturity, kenozooids and extrazooidal calcification covers the earliest astogenetic regions. In Conescharellina, the antapical budding region also develops a cover of extrazooidal porous calcifications called cancelli.

Recent Conescharellinidae have an overwhelmingly Indo-west Pacific, sometimes abyssal, distribution, always in fine, soft sediments. Colonies are anchored by rhizoids or within the upper layers, and may have an entirely interstitial life cycle, even the larvae spending their short motile existence within the sediment (Cook & Chimonides 1985). All the Australian genera have been reported from shelf depths in New South Wales, and several also from Queensland. Conescharellina has a very wide Australian distribution and is also known from Victorian Miocene deposits. The earliest fossil record is from the early Eocene of France (Taylor 1993).

General References

Banta, W.C. 1972. The body wall of cheilostome Bryozoa, V. Frontal budding in Schizoporella unicornis floridana. Marine Biology, Berlin 14: 63-71

Bassler, R.S. 1953. Bryozoa. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part G, Moore, R.C., (editor). Lawrence, Kansas : Geological Society of America pp. G1-G253.

Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182

Cook, P.L., & Lagaaij, R. 1976. Some Tertiary and Recent conescharelliniform Bryozoa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 29: 317-376

Cook, P.L. & Chimonides, P.J. 1985. Larval settlement and early astogeny of Parmularia (Cheilostomata). pp. 71-78 in Nielsen, C. & Larwood, G.P. (eds). Bryozoa: Ordovician to Recent. Fredensborg : Olsen & Olsen.

D'Orbigny, A. 1852. Paléontologie Française, Terrains Crétacés, V, Bryozoaires. Paris : Victor Masson 185-472 pp.

Gregory, J.W. 1893. On the British Palaeogene Bryozoa. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 13: 219-279

Harmer, S.F. 1957. The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga-Expéditie Report 28D: 641-1147

Levinsen, G.M.R. 1909. Morphological and systematic studies on the cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Copenhagen : Nationale Forfatteres Forlag 431 pp.

Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273

Maplestone, C.M. 1910. On the growth and habits of the Biporae. Transactions of the Royal Society of Victoria 23: 37073

Silén, L. 1947. Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv för Zoologi 39A: 1-59

Taylor, P.D. 1993. Bryozoa. pp. 465-489 in Benton, M.J. (ed.). The Fossil Record 2. London & New York : Chapman & Hall 845 pp.

Tenison-Woods, J.E. 1880. On some Recent and fossil species of Australian Selenariadae (Polyzoa). Transactions of the Philosophical Society of Adelaide 1880: 1-12

Whitelegge, T. 1887. Notes on some Australian Polyzoa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 2(2): 337-347

History of changes

• Bipora Whitelegge, T. 1887. Notes on some Australian Polyzoa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 2(2): 337-347 [340].

  Type species:

   Flabellipora [sic] flabellaris Levinsen, 1909 by subsequent designation, see Levinsen, G.M.R. 1909. Morphological and systematic studies on the cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Copenhagen : Nationale Forfatteres Forlag 431 pp. [312].

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast
  • 200 mile fishing zone: SE oceanic

History of changes

• Bipora flabellaris Levinsen, G.M.R. 1909. Morphological and systematic studies on the cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Copenhagen : Nationale Forfatteres Forlag 431 pp. [312].
• Flabellipora flabellaris Levinsen, G.M.R. 1909. Morphological and systematic studies on the cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Copenhagen : Nationale Forfatteres Forlag 431 pp.

  Secondary source:

   Livingstone, A.A. 1924. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 189-212 [211].

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast

Ecological Descriptors

Anchored by rootlets, colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

History of changes

• Conescharellina D'Orbigny, A. 1852. Paléontologie Française, Terrains Crétacés, V, Bryozoaires. Paris : Victor Masson 185-472 pp. [446].

  Type species:

   Conescharellina angustata D'Orbigny, 1852 by subsequent designation, see Waters, A.W. 1919. Batopora (Bryozoa) and its allies. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 9 3: 79-94 [93].

Introduction

Bock & Cook (2004) examined Maplestone (1909) material labelled as Biphora angulophora (Tenison Woods 1880) in NMV, which they inferred to be from New South Wales. They found the colonies could be assigned to a "general category" of Biphora angulophora but without type specimens for that species it was not possible to be certain of their identification and they assigned the material to Conescharellina sp.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Southwest Shelf Province (31), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41), Southern Province (8)

General References

Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [146]

Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [268]

History of changes

• Lunulites angulopora Tenison-Woods, J.E. 1880. On some Recent and fossil species of Australian Selenariadae (Polyzoa). Transactions of the Philosophical Society of Adelaide 1880: 1-12 [7].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown.
• Lunulites incisa Hincks, T. 1881. Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. VI. Polyzoa from Bass's Straits. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5 8: 1-14, 122-128 [127].

Generic Combinations

• Conescharellina angulopora (Tenison-Woods, 1880).

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IMCRA

Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Bass Strait, Lower E coast
• New Zealand

Ecological Descriptors

Anchored by rootlets, colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

Notes

Identity uncertain until a neotype is defined (or the type material is found). Distribution is therefore quite uncertain.

History of changes

• Bipora biarmata Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [268].

Generic Combinations

• Conescharellina biarmata (Maplestone, 1909). —
  Harmer, S.F. 1957. The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga-Expéditie Report 28D: 641-1147 [729]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast

Ecological Descriptors

Colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

History of changes

• Conescharellina cognata Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [151].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F98985, Kangaroo Island, South Australia, Australia.
  Paratype(s) NMV F101898 23 colonies, same as for holotype;
  Status unknown, NMV F101900 - F101914 70 colonies in total, Bass Strait, Australia [39°9'S, 143°26'E to 38°54.3'S, 147°13.4'E, 58 - 207 m]; NMV F101915 - F101922 16 colonies in total, Great Australian Bight, Australia [33°22'S, 129°19'E to 34°33'S, 121°33'E, 50-301 m].

Distribution

States

South Australia, Tasmania

IMCRA

Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine.

History of changes

• Conescharellina conica Haswell, W.A. 1881. On some Polyzoa from the Queensland coast. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 5: 33-44 [43, pl. 3, figs 7, 8].
• Lunulites incisa Hincks, T. 1881. Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. VI. Polyzoa from Bass's Straits. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 5 8: 1-14, 122-128 [68 (sep. p. 127), pl. 4 figs 1-3].

Introduction

Without examination of the type material, the relationships of these nominal taxa remains uncertain (Bock & Cook 2004).

General References

Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [146]

History of changes

• Lunulites (Cupularia) crassa Tenison-Woods, J.E. 1880. On some Recent and fossil species of Australian Selenariadae (Polyzoa). Transactions of the Philosophical Society of Adelaide 1880: 1-12.

Generic Combinations

• Conescharellina crassa (Tenison-Woods, 1880). —
  Livingstone, A.A. 1924. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 189-212 [212]
• Bipora crassa (Tenison-Woods, 1880). —
  Whitelegge, T. 1887. Notes on some Australian Polyzoa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 2(2): 337-347 [343]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast

Ecological Descriptors

Anchored by rootlets, colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

Notes

Identity uncertain until a neotype is defined (or the type material is found). Distribution is therefore quite uncertain.

History of changes

• Conescharellina depressa Haswell, W.A. 1881. On some Polyzoa from the Queensland coast. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 5: 33-44 [41].

Generic Combinations

• Conescharellina depressa (Haswell, 1881). —
  Livingstone, A.A. 1924. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 189-212 [212]

Distribution

States

Queensland

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: NE coast

Ecological Descriptors

Anchored by rootlets, colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

History of changes

• Conescharellina diffusa Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [153-154].

  Type data:

   Holotype F98989 (No other details given), South Australia, Australia.
  Paratype(s) NMV F101930 3 colonies, collected with holotype;
  Status unknown, NMV F101931 55 colonies, same locality as holotype; NMV F101931 55 colonies, same locality as holotype; NMV F101931 1 colony, Kangaroo Island, South Australia, Australia; NMV F101935, stn BSS-171 1 colony, Bass Strait, Australia [38°53.7'S, 147°55.2'E, 71 m]; NMV F101936, stn SLOPE-49 2 colonies, off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia [41°56.5'S, 148°37.9'E, 200 m]; NMV F101940, stn GAB-067 1 colony, Great Australian Bight, Australia [33°22'S, 124°23'E, 50 m]; NMV F98990, Dampier DA-2-37-01 2 colonies, one with 8 ovicells, both with roots (off Enderby Island), Dampier Archipelago, north-western Western Australia, Australia [20°36.5'S, 116°35.0'E, 15 m].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

North-west Australia to NSW, the west and central Australian Bight, SA, Bass Strait and Tasmania

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Province (27), Southwest Shelf Province (31), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Spencer Gulf Shelf Province (33), Western Bass Strait Shelf Transition (34), Southeast Shelf Transition (37)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Bipora (Conescharellina) eburnea Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [270].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 2000.2.23 2 colonies (labelled "cotypes"), 22 miles east of Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia, 146 m.
  Paratype(s) NMV F101879 3 colonies, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia [34°57.90'S, 151°08'E].

Generic Combinations

• Conescharellina eburnea (Maplestone, 1909). —
  Livingstone, A.A. 1924. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 189-212 [212]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast

Ecological Descriptors

Anchored by rootlets, colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

History of changes

• Conescharellina ecstasis Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [151-153].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F98987, 770 m off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia [34°51.90'S, 151°12.60'E].
  Paratype(s) NMV F101923 45 colonies, many with roots, opercula and mandibles, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia [34°51.90'S, 151°12.60'E, 770 m];
  Status unknown, NMV F98988 10 colonies with 2 roots, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia [34°52.29'S, 151°15.02'E, 1096 m]; NMV F101925 - F101926 3 colonies, one with root, off Point Hicks, Victoria, Australia [38°19.1'S, 149°14.3'E to 38°17.7'S, 149°11.3'E, 400 - 600 m]; NMV F101928 1 colony, off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia, 800 m [42°02.2'S, 148°38.7'E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine.

History of changes

• Bipora magniarmata Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [269].

Generic Combinations

• Conescharellina magniarmata (Maplestone, 1909). —
  Harmer, S.F. 1957. The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga-Expéditie Report 28D: 641-1147 [729]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast

Ecological Descriptors

Colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

History of changes

• Bipora multiarmata Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [268].

Generic Combinations

• Conescharellina multiarmata (Maplestone, 1909). —
  Livingstone, A.A. 1924. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 189-212 [212]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast

Ecological Descriptors

Colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

History of changes

• Conescharellina obscura Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [154-155].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F98991, Bass Strait, Australia, 70 m [38°24'S, 144°54.03'E].
  Paratype(s) NMV F98992, same as holotype;
  Status unknown, BMNH 1909.11.12.12, 1909.11.12.13 2 colonies with ovicells (as Conescharellina philippensis), Green Point, Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia; NMV F101944 - F-F101948 7 colonies, Great Australian Bight, Australia [34°15'S, 124°24'E to 35°07'S, 115°51'E, 59-236 m]; NMV F101949, Dampier DA-2-09-92; F101950, Dampier DA-2-73-01 3 colonies with roots (off Delambre and Enderby Islands respectively), Dampier Archipelago, north-western Western Australia, Australia [20°20.5'S, 117°05.4'E; 20°36.5'S, 116°35.0'E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

From a depth of 12 to 125 m

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Province (27), Southwest Shelf Province (31), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38), Southern Province (8)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine.

History of changes

• Conescharellina perculta Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [158].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F98998 slide, locality unknown, probably off New South Wales, Australia.
  Paratype(s) NMV F98998, collected with holotype.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Inferred to be from New South Wales

Distribution References

History of changes

• Conescharellina plana Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [157-158].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F98996, off Nowra, NSW, 503 m [34°57.90'S, 151°8'E].
  Paratype(s) NMV F101951, stn BSS-167 26 colonies, Bass Strait, Australia [39°44.8'S, 148°40.6'E, 124 m];
  Status unknown, NMV F101951 - F101952 7 colonies in total with roots, Bass Strait, Australia [39°44.8'S, 148°40.6'E; 39°2.4'S, 148°30.6'E]; NMV F101958 57 colonies, 2 with roots, South of Point Hicks, Victoria, Australia [38°17.7'S, 149°11.3'E]; F101957-F101960 10 colonies, 2 with roots, Great Australian Bight, Australia.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

From depths of 80 to 1096 m

IMCRA

Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Great Australian Bight Shelf Transition (32), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Southern Province (8)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine.

History of changes

• Conescharellina pustulosa Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [158-159].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F99000, stn SLOPE-2, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia, 503 m [34°57.90'S, 151°8'E].
  Paratype(s) NMV F99001, stn SLOPE-2 9 colonies, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia, 503 m [34°57.90'S, 151°8'E];
  Status unknown, NMV F101961 - F101962 2 colonies in total, Bass Strait [38°34'S, 144°54.03'E, 82 m; 39°2'S, 148°30.6'E, 120 m]; NMV F101964 1 colony, South of Point Hicks, Victoria, Australia [38°25'S, 149°E, 1500 m]; NMV F101965 1 colony, off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia [42°02.2, 148°38.7'E, 800 m].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Depths of 36 to 800 m

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11), Central Eastern Province (12), Bass Strait Shelf Province (35), Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Southern Province (8)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine.

History of changes

• Conescharellina stellata Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [155-157].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F98993, Great Australian Bight, 301 m [33°22'S, 129°19'E].
  Paratype(s) NMV F98994, stn GAB-019 8 colonies, Great Australian Bight, Australia [33°22'S, 129°19'E, 301 m];
  Status unknown, NMV F98995, stn GAB-128 1 colony, Great Australian Bight, Australia [35°07'S, 116°52'E].

Distribution

States

South Australia, Western Australia

Extra Distribution Information

Two populations known: at the western end of the Great Australian Bight at a depth of 59 m and from the central region at a depth of 304 m

IMCRA

Southwest Shelf Province (31), Southern Province (8)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine.

History of changes

• Crucescharellina Silén, L. 1947. Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv för Zoologi 39A: 1-59 [44].

  Type species:

   Crucescharellina japonica Silén, 1947 by original designation.
• Agalmatozoum Harmer, S.F. 1957. The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga-Expéditie Report 28D: 641-1147 [757].

Distribution

States

Tasmania, Victoria

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11)

History of changes

• Crucescharellina australis Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [174-175].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F99024, off Point Hicks, VIC, 1500 m [38°25'S, 149°E].
  Paratype(s) NMV F99025, stn SLOPE-27 8 colonies, off Point Hicks, Victoria, Australia [38°25'S, 149°E, 1500 m];
  Status unknown, NMV F101975, stn SOELA-S03/84/74, East Tasmania, Australia, 320 m [42°41'S, 148°25'E].

Distribution

States

Tasmania, Victoria

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Southeast Transition (11)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Flabellopora D'Orbigny, A. 1851. V, Bryozoaires. pp. 1-188 in D'Orbigny, A. (ed.). Paléontologie Française, Terrains Crétacés. Paris : Victor Masson. [51].

  Type species:

   Flabellopora elegans D'Orbigny, 1851 by monotypy.
• Flabillopora D'Orbigny, A. 1852. Paléontologie Française, Terrains Crétacés, V, Bryozoaires. Paris : Victor Masson 185-472 pp. [186] [subsequent misspelling].

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: NE coast

History of changes

• Eschara umbonata Haswell, W.A. 1881. On some Polyzoa from the Queensland coast. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 5: 33-44 [41].
• Bipora mamillata Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [270].

Generic Combinations

• Conescharellina mamillata (Maplestone, 1909). —
  Bretnall, R.W. 1922. Studies on Bryozoa. Part 2. Records of the Australian Museum 13(5): 189-192 [1922]
• Bipora umbonata (Haswell, 1881). —
  Whitelegge, T. 1887. Notes on some Australian Polyzoa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 2(2): 337-347 [345]
  Livingstone, A.A. 1924. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 189-212 [209]
  Livingstone, A.A. 1926. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 3. Report on the Bryozoa collected on the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, in 1925, by W.E.J. Paradice, Lieutenant Surgeon on H.M.A.S. "Geranium". Records of the Australian Museum 15(1): 77-99 [98]
• Flabellopora umbonata (Haswell, 1881).

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Central Eastern Shelf Transition (39), Northeast Shelf Province (40), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: NE coast

Ecological Descriptors

Anchored by rootlets, colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

History of changes

• Trochosodon Canu, F. & Bassler, R.S. 1927. Classification of the cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 69(14): 1-42 [11].

  Type species:

   Trochosodon linearis Canu & Bassler, 1927 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, Western Australia

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Central Eastern Province (12), Northwest Shelf Province (27), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

History of changes

• Bipora ampulla Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [269, pl. 76, figs 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, NMV F99005, F99006 (labelled by Mapstone, almost certainly part of the type material from New South Wales).

Generic Combinations

• Trochosodon ampulla (Maplestone, 1909). —
  Canu, F., & Bassler, R.S. 1929. Bryozoa of the Philippine region. United States National Museum Bulletin 100: 1-685 [493]
  Harmer, S.F. 1957. The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora II. Siboga-Expéditie Report 28D: 641-1147 [744]
• Conescharellina ampulla (Maplestone, 1909). —
  Livingstone, A.A. 1924. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 189-212 [212]

History of changes

• Trochosodon anomalus Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [169-170].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F99018, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia, 1096 m [34°52.29'S, 151°15.02'E].
  Paratype(s) NMV 1976.1.6.2 26 colonies, Cape York, Australia, 279 m; NMV F99019, stn SLOPE-7 2 colonies, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia, 1096 m [34°52.29'S, 151°15.02'E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Queensland

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12), Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Trochosodon aster Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [169].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 1976.1.6.2, Cape York, Queensland, Australia 279 m.
  Paratype(s) BMNH 1976.1.6.2 20 colonies, collected with holotype; BMNH 1969.1.2.2 7 colonies, same locality as holotype; NMV F99015, F99017, F101973 7 colonies, same locality as holotype.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Distribution References

Ecological Descriptors

Marine.

History of changes

• Trochosodon asymmetricus Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [167-168].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F99010 colony with root, off Nowra, NSW [34°51.90'S, 151°12.60'E, 770 m].
  Paratype(s) NMV F99011 1 worn colony, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia [34°51.90'S, 151°12.60'E, 770 m]; NMV F101969 1 colony, off Nowra, New South Wales, Australia [34°52.29'S, 151°15.02'E, 1096 m].

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

From 770 to 1096 m

IMCRA

Central Eastern Province (12)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Trochosodon diommatus Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [168-169].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F99012, off Nowra, NSW, 1096 m [34°52.29'S, 151°15.02'E].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Tasmania

IMCRA

Tasmania Province (10), Central Eastern Province (12)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Trochosodon fecundus Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [166-167].

  Type data:

   Holotype NMV F99007, off Goodwyn, Dampier Archipelago, north-western WA, 20.5 m [20°32.17'S, 166°33.63'E].

Distribution

States

Western Australia

IMCRA

Northwest Shelf Province (27)

History of changes

• Trochosodon gordoni Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [173].

Distribution

Extra Distribution Information

New Zealand

History of changes

• Trochosodon praecox Bock, P.E., Cook, P.L. 2004. A review of Australian Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 61(2): 135-182 [170-172].

  Type data:

   Holotype BMNH 2003.11.27.1, Cape York, Queensland, Australia 279 m.
  Paratype(s) BMNH 2003.11.27.4, 1969.1.2.1, 1976.1.6.2, same as for holotype.

Distribution

States

Queensland

IMCRA

Northeast Shelf Transition (41)

Distribution References

History of changes

• Zeuglopora Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [272].

  Type species:

   Zeuglopora lanceolata Maplestone, 1909 by original designation.

Distribution

States

New South Wales

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast

History of changes

• Zeuglopora lanceolata Maplestone, C.M. 1909. The results of deep-sea investigations in the Tasman Sea, 1. The expedition of HMCS "Miner", no. 5: The Polyzoa. Records of the Australian Museum 7: 267-273 [272].

Generic Combinations

• Bipora lanceolata (Maplestone, 1909). —
  Livingstone, A.A. 1924. Studies on Australian Bryozoa, No. 1. Records of the Australian Museum 14(3): 189-212 [211]

Distribution

States

New South Wales

Extra Distribution Information

Known only from type locality.

Australian Endemic.

IMCRA

Southeast Shelf Transition (37), Central Eastern Shelf Province (38)

Original AFD Distribution Data

Australian Region

• Australia
  • 200 m bathymetric: Lower E coast

Ecological Descriptors

Colonial, continental shelf, filter-feeder, sessile.

History of changes