Richard, A. (1824), Dictionnaire classique d'Histoire Naturelle 6: 19 [tax. nov.]

• Type: Ecballium elaterium (L.) A.Rich.

• Comment: nom. cons. (ref. I.C.B.N. (1983) No. 8596).

Bailey, F.M. (February 1893), Contributions to the Queensland flora. Botany Bulletin. Department of Agriculture, Queensland 7: 63 [secondary reference]

Bailey, F.M. (1913), Comprehensive Catalogue of Queensland Plants: 221 [secondary reference]

Black, J.M. (1929), Bignoniaceae - Compositae. Flora of South Australia 4: 545 [secondary reference]

• Etymology: "From Greek ekballo, I throw out: alluding to the discharge of the seeds."

Black, J.M. & Robertson, E.L. (1957), Flora of South Australia Edn. 2, 4: 807 [secondary reference]

• Etymology: "From Greek ekballo, I throw out: alluding to the discharge of the seeds."

Jacobs, S.W.L. & Pickard, J. (1981), Plants of New South Wales: 108 [secondary reference]

Telford, I.R.H. in George, A.S. (ed.) (1982), Cucurbitaceae. Flora of Australia 8: 178-179 APC [secondary reference]

• APC Dist.: WA (naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (formerly naturalised), NSW (naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (doubtfully naturalised)

Stanley, T.D. in Stanley, T.D. & Ross, E.M. (1986), Cucurbitaceae. Flora of South-eastern Queensland 2: 108 [secondary reference]

Harden, G.J. in Harden, G.J. (ed.) (1990), Cucurbitaceae. Flora of New South Wales 1: 443 [secondary reference]

Jobson, P.C. in Walsh, N.G. & Entwisle, T.J. (ed.) (1996), Cucurbitaceae. Flora of Victoria 3: 380 [secondary reference]

Harden, G.J. in Harden, G.J. (ed.) (2000), Cucurbitaceae. Flora of New South Wales Revised Edition 1: 443 [secondary reference]

Mabberley, D.J. (1 May 2008), Mabberley's Plant-Book Edn. 3: 295 [secondary reference]

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