Wallroth, C.(K.)F.W. (1844), Beitrage zur Botanik (Wallroth) 2: 227 [tax. nov.]

• Type: (not cited).

Black, J.M. & Robertson, E.L. (1957), Flora of South Australia Edn. 2, 4: 874, Fig. 1170 [secondary reference]

common name: Noogoora Burr [n/a]

Chippendale, G.M. & Murray, L.R. (1963), Poisonous Plants of the Northern Territory: 108-109, Pl. 32 [secondary reference]

common name: Noogoora Burr [n/a]

Koster, J.T. (1979), The Compositae of New Guinea VI. Blumea 25(1/2): 253 [secondary reference]

Jacobs, S.W.L. & Pickard, J. (1981), Plants of New South Wales: 88 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium occidentale Bertol. legitimate

Jessop, J.P. in Jessop, J.P. (ed.) (1981), Compositae (Asteraceae) - most genera. Flora of Central Australia: 378 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium occidentale Bertol. legitimate

Green, J.W. (1985), Census of the Vascular Plants of Western Australia Edn. 2: 170 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium occidentale Bertol. legitimate

Stanley, T.D. in Stanley, T.D. & Ross, E.M. (1986), Asteraceae. Flora of South-eastern Queensland 2: 553, Fig. 77C [secondary reference]

common name: Noogoora Burr [n/a]

Murray, L. in Harden, G.J. (ed.) (1992), Xanthium. Flora of New South Wales 3: 270 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium occidentale Bertol. legitimate

Jeanes, J.A. in Walsh, N.G. & Entwisle, T.J. (ed.) (1999), Asteraceae. Flora of Victoria 4: 983 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium occidentale Bertol. legitimate

Jessup, L.W. (22 April 2002), Flora of South-eastern Queensland Volume 2 Changes to names or status of taxa: - [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium occidentale Bertol. legitimate

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2008), Australian Plant Census: - [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium strumarium L. legitimate

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2011), Australian Plant Census: - [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium strumarium L. legitimate

Orchard, A.E. in Wilson, A.J.G. (ed.) (2015), Asteraceae Trib. Heliantheae Subtrib. 7. Ambrosiinae. Flora of Australia 37: 569 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium occidentale Bertol. legitimate

Tomasello, S. (2018), How many names for a beloved genus? – Coalescent-based species delimitation in Xanthium L. (Ambrosiinae, Asteraceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 127: Fig. 1 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium chinense Mill. legitimate

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (31 July 2018), Australian Plant Census: - [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium occidentale Bertol. legitimate

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