Moench, C. (1802), Supplementum ad Methodum Plantas: 226 [comb. nov.]

basionym: Carduus acarna L. legitimate

Black, J.M. (1929), Bignoniaceae - Compositae. Flora of South Australia 4: 653, Fig. 311 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. legitimate common name: Solider Thistle [n/a]

Hartley, W. (1953), Standardized Plant Names: a revised list of standard common names for the more important Australian grasses, other pasture plants, and weeds. Bulletin (CSIRO) 272: 23 [secondary reference]

Black, J.M. & Robertson, E.L. (1957), Flora of South Australia Edn. 2, 4: 933, Fig. 1238 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. legitimate common name: Soldier Thistle [n/a]

Eichler, Hj. (1965), Supplement to J.M.Black's Flora of South Australia (Second Edition, 1943-1957): 328 [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. legitimate

Willis, J.H. (1973), A Handbook to Plants in Victoria Edn. 2, 2: 760 [secondary reference]

Lamp, C. & Collet, F. (1976), A field guide to weeds in Australia: 117 [secondary reference]

Jeanes, J.A. in Walsh, N.G. & Entwisle, T.J. (ed.) (1999), Asteraceae. Flora of Victoria 4: 672, Fig. 128i [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Carduus acarna L. legitimate nomenclatural synonym: Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. legitimate common name: Solider Thistle [n/a]

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2011), Australian Plant Census: - [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. legitimate

Bean, A.R. in Wilson, A.J.G. (ed.) (2015), Asteraceae Subfam. 2. Carduoideae Trib. 1. Cardueae. Flora of Australia 37: 57 [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Picnomon acarna (L.) Cass. legitimate

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