Linnaeus, C. (1 May 1753), Species Plantarum 2: 666 [tax. nov.]

• Type: "Habitat in arenosis maritimis Gotlandiae, Belgii, Angliae. ♂"

Hooker, J.D. (29 December 1859), Introductory Essay. The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. Discovery ships Erebus and Terror. III. Flora Tasmaniae 2(11): cvi. [secondary reference]

Hooker, J.D. & Anderson, T. in Hooker, J.D. (May 1872), Cruciferae. The Flora of British India 1(1): 156 [basionym]

basionym of: Brassica campestris subsp. napus (L.) Hook.f. & T.Anderson legitimate

Curtis, W.M. (1956), The Student's Flora of Tasmania 1: 39 [secondary reference]

common name: Swede [n/a] common name: Rape [n/a]

Burbidge, N.T. & Gray, M. (1970), Flora of the Australian Capital Territory: 181 [secondary reference]

Curtis, W.M. & Morris, D.I. (1975), Angiospermae: Ranunculaceae to Myrtaceae. The Student's Flora of Tasmania Edn. 2, 1: 34, Fig. 11B [secondary reference]

common name: Swede [n/a] common name: Rape [n/a]

Hewson, H.J. in George, A.S. (ed.) (9 December 1982), Brassicaceae. Flora of Australia 8: 237-238, map 262 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Brassica campestris subsp. napus (L.) Hook.f. & T.Anderson legitimate

• APC Comment: A polyphyletic aggregate of amphiploids (2n=38), derived from Brassica oleracea x B. rapa, and often very difficult to separate from B. rapa (S. Snogerup, pers. comm. 2006).
• APC Dist.: WA (naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), NI (doubtfully naturalised), ACT (doubtfully naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (naturalised)

Ross, E.M. in Stanley, T.D. & Ross, E.M. (1984), Brassicaceae. Flora of South-eastern Queensland 1: 205, 207, Fig. 31E [secondary reference]

common name: Rape [n/a]

Green, J.W. (1985), Census of the Vascular Plants of Western Australia Edn. 2: 79 [secondary reference]

Green, P.S. in Wilson, A.J.G. (ed.) (1994), Norfolk Island & Lord Howe Island. Flora of Australia 49: 135 [secondary reference]

common name: Wild Mustard [n/a] common name: Turnip [n/a]

Entwisle, T.J. in Walsh, N.G. & Entwisle, T.J. (ed.) (1996), Brassicaceae. Flora of Victoria 3: 403, fig. 82e-f [secondary reference]

common name: Swede [n/a] common name: Rutabaga [n/a] common name: Coleseed [n/a] common name: Rape [n/a]

Harden, G.J. & Murray, L.J. in Harden, G.J. & Murray, L.J. (ed.) (2000), Flora of New South Wales Supplement 1: 68 [secondary reference]

Wheeler, J.R., Marchant, N.G. & Lewington, M. (2002), Dicotyledons. Flora of the South West 2: 536 [secondary reference]

common name: Canola [n/a] common name: Rape [n/a]

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2014), Australian Plant Census: - APC [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Brassica campestris subsp. napus (L.) Hook.f. & T.Anderson legitimate taxonomic synonym: Brassica oleracea var. napobrassica L. legitimate taxonomic synonym: Brassica napobrassica (L.) Mill. legitimate

• APC Comment: A polyphyletic aggregate of amphiploids (2n=38), derived from Brassica oleracea x B. rapa, and often very difficult to separate from B. rapa (S. Snogerup, pers. comm. 2006)
• APC Dist.: WA (naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), NI (naturalised), ACT (doubtfully naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (naturalised)

Parker, C.M. (10 March 2015), Updates to Western Australia's vascular plant census for 2014. Nuytsia 25: 19 [secondary reference]

Barrett, Russell & Tay, Eng Pin (2016), Perth Plants: a Field Guide to the Bushland and Coastal Flora of Kings Park and Bold Park Edn. 2: 284-285, photos 9-11 [secondary reference]

common name: Canola [n/a] common name: Rapeseed [n/a]

de Salas, M.F. & Baker, M.L. (2016), Tasmanian vascular plant census. A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island: 25 [secondary reference]

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