Miller, P. (28 January 1754), The Gardeners Dictionary abridged Edn. 4, 2: . [tax. nov.]

• Type: (not designated).

Britton, N.L. & Brown, A. (7 June 1913), An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British possessions Edn. 2, 2: 288 [secondary reference]

• Type: Malus sylvestris Miller

Willis, J.H. (1973), A Handbook to Plants in Victoria Edn. 2, 2: 207 [secondary reference]

Jacobs, S.W.L. & Pickard, J. (1981), Plants of New South Wales: 187 [secondary reference]

Harden, G.J. & Rodd, A.N. in Harden, G.J. (ed.) (1990), Malaceae. Flora of New South Wales 1: 544 [secondary reference]

Jeanes, J.A. & Jobson, P.C. in Walsh, N.G. & Entwisle, T.J. (ed.) (1996), Rosaceae. Flora of Victoria 3: 576-577 [secondary reference]

Harden, G.J. & Rodd, A.N. in Harden, G.J. (ed.) (2000), Malaceae. Flora of New South Wales Revised Edition 1: 544 [secondary reference]

Kalkman, C. in Kubitzki, K. (ed.) (2004), Rosaceae. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants 6: 378-379 [secondary reference]

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2007), Australian Plant Census: - APC [secondary reference]

• APC Dist.: SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), ACT (naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (naturalised)

Mabberley, D.J. (1 May 2008), Mabberley's Plant-Book Edn. 3: 517-518 [secondary reference]

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