Linnaeus, C. (1 May 1753), Species Plantarum 2: 913 [tax. nov.]

• Type: "Habitat in Europae septentrionalis pratis."

Willis, J.H. (1973), A Handbook to Plants in Victoria Edn. 2, 2: 766 [secondary reference]

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2011), Australian Plant Census: - APC [secondary reference]

• APC Comment: A North American taxon recorded as an "occasional garden escape" in Victoria by J.H.Willis, Handb. Pl. Vic. 2nd Edn, 2: 766 (1972), but does not appear to have become established in Australia.

Bean, A.R. in Wilson, A.J.G. (ed.) (2015), Asteraceae Subfam. 2. Carduoideae Trib. 1. Cardueae. Flora of Australia 37: 75 [secondary reference]

• Text: "... not considered to be currently naturalised in Australia... not been recorded since 1924."

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