Heywood, V.H. (1975), Flora Europaea: Notulae Systematicae ad Floram Europaeam spectantes. Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 71(4): 271 [comb. nov.]

basionym: Xanthium italicum Moretti legitimate

Jacobs, S.W.L. & Pickard, J. (1981), Plants of New South Wales: 88 [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Xanthium italicum Moretti legitimate

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2011), Australian Plant Census: - [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Xanthium strumarium L. legitimate

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (31 July 2018), Australian Plant Census: - [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Xanthium italicum Moretti legitimate

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