Horaninow, P.F. (1834), Primae Lineae Systematis Naturae: 70 [tax. nov.]

The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003), An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141(4): 433 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Apocynaceae Juss. nom. cons.

Thorne, R.F. & Reveal, J.L. (2007), An Updated Classification of the Class Magnoliopsida ("Angiospermae"). Botanical Review 73(2): 135 [taxonomic synonym]

taxonomic synonym of: Apocynaceae Juss. nom. cons.

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