Aiton, W.T. (1811), Hortus Kewensis Edn. 2, 2: 80 [comb. nov.]

basionym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

• Comment: R.Brown, Mem. Wern. Soc. 1: 38 (1811), states under Gomphocarpus that "Asclepias arborescens, fruticosa and setosa, are the three certain species of this genus..." but does not make the combinations at specific rank.

Sprengel, C.P.J. (1825), Systema Vegetabilium Edn. 17, 2: 849 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

Bennett, G. (1860), Gatherings of a Naturalist in Australasia: 308 [secondary reference]

Woolls, W. (1867), Notes on introduced plants occurring in the neighbourhood of Sydney. Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 10: 38 [secondary reference]

Mueller, F.J.H. von (1888), Plants, hitherto immigrated and naturalized in Victoria, with indications of their nativity and English popular names. Key to the System of Victorian Plants 1: 535 [secondary reference]

Hamilton, A.G. (1892), On the effect which settlement in Australia has produced upon indigenous vegetation. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 26: 236 [secondary reference]

Black, J.M. (December 1926), Meliaceae - Scrophulariaceae. Flora of South Australia 3: 464 [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

Woodson, R.E. (1954), The North American Species of Asclepias L. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 41(1): 151 [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

Black, J.M. & Robertson, E.L. (1957), Flora of South Australia Edn. 2, 4: 699 [nomenclatural synonym]

nomenclatural synonym of: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

Cunningham, G.M., Mulham, W.E., Milthorpe, P.L. & Leigh, J.H. (1981), Plants of Western New South Wales: 554 [secondary reference]

common name: Swan Plant [n/a] common name: Cotton-bush [n/a] common name: Wild Cotton-bush [n/a] common name: Narrow-leaved Cotton-bush [n/a] common name: Balloon Cottons [n/a] common name: Duck Bushes [n/a] common name: Arghel [n/a]

Jacobs, S.W.L. & Pickard, J. (1981), Plants of New South Wales: 69 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

Green, J.W. (1985), Census of the Vascular Plants of Western Australia Edn. 2: 141 [secondary reference]

Ross, E.M. in Stanley, T.D. & Ross, E.M. (1986), Asclepiadaceae. Flora of South-eastern Queensland 2: 310 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

Rye, B.L. in Marchant, N.G., Wheeler, J.R., Rye, B.L., Bennett, E.M., Lander, N.S. & Macfarlane, T.D. (1987), Asclepiadaceae. Flora of the Perth Region 1: 525-526 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate common name: Narrowleaf Cottonbush [n/a]

Harden, G.J. & Williams, J.B. in Harden, G.J. (ed.) (1992), Asclepiadaceae. Flora of New South Wales 3: 527, pl. 26 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate common name: Narrow-leaved Cotton Bush [n/a]

Forster, P.I. in Orchard, A.E. (ed.) (1996), Asclepiadaceae. Flora of Australia 28: 216, Map 248 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

Jeanes, J.A. in Walsh, N.G. & Entwisle, T.J. (ed.) (1999), Asclepiadaceae. Flora of Victoria 4: 327, Fig. 64c [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate common name: Narrow-leaf Cotton-bush [n/a] common name: Swan Plant [n/a]

Wheeler, J.R., Marchant, N.G. & Lewington, M. (2002), Dicotyledons. Flora of the South West 2: 492 [secondary reference]

common name: Narrowleaf Cottonbush [n/a]

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2006), Australian Plant Census: - APC [secondary reference]

orthographic variant: Gomphocarpus fruticosa G.M.Cunn., W.E.Mulham, P.L.Milthorpe & J.H.Leigh orth. var. nomenclatural synonym: Asclepias fruticosa L. legitimate

• APC Comment: The combination G. fruticosus (L.) R.Br. ex Spreng. listed in Chapman, APNI 1429 (1991) should be treated as merely usage of Aiton's existing name and not a new illegitimate later homonym. The Vic and Tas populations are treated as G. fruticosus subsp. fruticosus. Hybrid swarms between G. fruticosus and G. physocarpus are common.
• APC Dist.: WA (naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), LHI (doubtfully naturalised), ACT (doubtfully naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (naturalised)

Barrett, Russell & Tay, Eng Pin (2016), Perth Plants: a Field Guide to the Bushland and Coastal Flora of Kings Park and Bold Park Edn. 2: 266-267, photos 4-7 [secondary reference]

common name: Narrowleaf Cottonbush [n/a]

de Salas, M.F. & Baker, M.L. (2016), Tasmanian vascular plant census. A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island: 9 [secondary reference]

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