Zuccarini, J.G. (1837), Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Koeniglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 2: 675 [tax. nov.]

Barthlott, W. & Hunt, D.R. in Kubitzki, K. (ed.) (1993), Cactaceae. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants 2: 184 [secondary reference]

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2005), Australian Plant Census: - APC [secondary reference]

• APC Dist.: SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised)

Mabberley, D.J. (1 May 2008), Mabberley's Plant-Book Edn. 3: 297 [secondary reference]

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