Holub, J.L. (1973), Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica: 176 [comb. nov.]

basionym: Picris echioides L. legitimate

Green, J.W. (1985), Census of the Vascular Plants of Western Australia Edn. 2: 167, 168 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate

Lander, N.S. in Marchant, N.G., Wheeler, J.R., Rye, B.L., Bennett, E.M., Lander, N.S. & Macfarlane, T.D. (1987), Asteraceae. Flora of the Perth Region 2: 686-687 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate

Brown, E.A. in Harden, G.J. (ed.) (1992), Asteraceae p.p. Flora of New South Wales 3: 335 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate common name: Ox-tongue [n/a]

Holzapfel, S. (1994), A revision of the genus Picris (Asteraceae, Lactuceae) s.l. in Australia. Willdenowia 24: 118-124, Figs 2-4 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate nomenclatural synonym: Helminthia echioides (L.) Gaertn. legitimate

Jeanes, J.A. in Walsh, N.G. & Entwisle, T.J. (ed.) (1999), Asteraceae. Flora of Victoria 4: 703, Fig. 135a [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate

Jessup, L.W. (22 April 2002), Flora of South-eastern Queensland Volume 2 Changes to names or status of taxa: - [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate

Thompson, I.R. (22 May 2007), A taxonomic treatment of tribe Lactuceae (Asteraceae) in Australia. Muelleria 25: 93 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate nomenclatural synonym: Helminthia echioides (L.) Gaertn. legitimate common name: Ox-tongue [n/a]

Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria (2011), Australian Plant Census: - APC [secondary reference]

orthographic variant: Helminthotheca echiodes J.W.Green orth. var. nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate nomenclatural synonym: Helmintia echioides Gaertn. orth. var. nomenclatural synonym: Helminthia echioides (L.) Gaertn. legitimate

• APC Dist.: WA (naturalised), SA (naturalised), Qld (naturalised), NSW (naturalised), ACT (formerly naturalised), Vic (naturalised), Tas (naturalised)

Holzapfel, S. in Wilson, A.J.G. (ed.) (2015), Helminthotheca. Flora of Australia 37: 141-143, Plate 15, Fig. 13A-C, map [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate nomenclatural synonym: Helmintia echioides Gaertn. orth. var. nomenclatural synonym: Helminthia echioides (L.) Gaertn. legitimate common name: Prickly Ox-tongue [n/a] common name: Ox-tongue [n/a]

de Salas, M.F. & Baker, M.L. (2016), Tasmanian vascular plant census. A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island: 17, 21 [secondary reference]

nomenclatural synonym: Picris echioides L. legitimate nomenclatural synonym: Helminthia echioides (L.) Gaertn. legitimate

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