• Unaspis MacGillivray, A.D. 1921. The Coccidae. Tables for the identification of the subfamilies and some of the more important genera and species together with discussions of their anatomy and life history. Urbana, Illinois : Scarab Company vi 502 pp. [308].

  Type species:

   Chionaspis acuminata Green, 1896 by original designation.
• Prontaspis MacGillivray, A.D. 1921. The Coccidae. Tables for the identification of the subfamilies and some of the more important genera and species together with discussions of their anatomy and life history. Urbana, Illinois : Scarab Company vi 502 pp. [311].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Vic: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Channel Country (CHC), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Central Ranges (CR), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gawler (GAW), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), NSW North Coast (NNC), Nullarbor (NUL), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)

General References

Ferris, G.F. 1936. Contributions to the knowledge of the Coccoidea (Homoptera). II. (Contribution no. 2). Microentomology 1: 17-92 [26] (as Prontaspis syn. n.)

Kuwana, I. 1926. The diaspine Coccidae of Japan, IV. Genera Cryptoparlatoria, Howardia, Sasakiaspis, Diaspis, Aulacaspis, Pinnaspis and Prontaspis. Imperial Plant Quarantine Service Technical Bulletin 4: 1-44, 12 pls, 1 fig. [40-41] (as Prontaspis; description)

Rao, V.P. 1949. The genus Unaspis MacGillivray (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Microentomology 14(2): 59-72 [60] (as Unaspis; description)

Takagi, S. 1970. Diaspididae of Taiwan based on material collected in connection with the Japan-U.S. Co-operative Science Programme, 1965 (Homoptera: Coccoidea) Part 2. Insecta Matsumurana 33: 1-146 [34-35] (as Unaspis; description)

Williams, D.J. & Watson, G.W. 1988. The Scale Insects of the Tropical South Pacific Region. Part 1. The armoured scales (Diaspididae). London : CAB International Institute of Entomology 290 pp. [247] (as Unaspis; description)

History of changes

• Chionaspis assimilis Maskell, W.M. 1889. On some new South Australian Coccidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 11: 101-111 [dated 1888] [102-103] [illustration].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, NZAC dry material only, SA.

  Type host:

   Eucalyptus sp. [MYRTACEAE]

Distribution

States

South Australia

Extra Distribution Information

California (quarantine from Australia).

IBRA

SA: Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Channel Country (CHC), Central Ranges (CR), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Finke (FIN), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Gawler (GAW), Great Victoria Desert (GVD), Hampton (HAM), Kanmantoo (KAN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), Nullarbor (NUL), Simpson Strzelecki Dunefields (SSD), Stony Plains (STP), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP)

Ecological Descriptors

Sap-feeder (associated flora: Eucalyptus sp. [MYRTACEAE] Gum Tree).

General References

Fernald, M.E. 1903. A catalogue of the Coccidae of the world. Bulletin of the Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College 88: 1-360 [214] (as Chionaspis assimilis)

Froggatt, W.W. 1914. A descriptive catalogue of the scale insects (Coccidae) of Australia (Part I). Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 25: 983-989 [986] (as Chionaspis assimilis; description)

Maskell, W.M. 1895. Synoptical list of Coccidae reported from Australasia and the Pacific Islands up to December 1894. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 27: 1-35 [9] (as Chionaspis assimilis)

History of changes

• Chionaspis citri Comstock, J.H. 1883. Second report on scale insects, including a monograph of the sub-family Diaspidinae of the family Coccidae and a list, with notes of the other species of scale insects found in North America. Cornell University Agricultural Experimental Station, Department of Entomology Report 2: 47-142 [100-102] [illustration].

  Type data:

   Status unknown, whereabouts unknown, Louisiana, USA.

  Type host:

   Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck [RUTACEAE]
• Dinaspis veitchi Green, E.E. & Laing, F. 1923. Descriptions of some new species and some new records of Coccidae—I. Diaspidinae. Bulletin of Entomological Research 14: 123-131 [123] [illustration].

Distribution

States

New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria

Extra Distribution Information

NEW SOUTH WALES: Sydney; QUEENSLAND: Aurukun; Indooroopilly; Mackay; Mareeba; Mundubbera; Murray I.; Nambour; Ormiston; Portland Roads; Thornlands; Central America; South Pacific; West Indies.

IBRA

NSW, NT, Qld, Vic: Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), NSW North Coast (NNC), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Wet Tropics (WT)

Ecological Descriptors

Sap-feeder (associated flora: Citrus paradisi Macfad. [RUTACEAE] Grapefruit; Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f. [RUTACEAE] Lemon; Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck [RUTACEAE] Orange; Citrus reticulata Blanco [RUTACEAE] mandarin; Citrus sp. [RUTACEAE]).

General References

Beardsley, J.W. 1966. Insects of Micronesia. Homoptera: Coccoidea. Insects of Micronesia 6: 377-562 [558] (as Unaspis citri)

Fernald, M.E. 1903. A catalogue of the Coccidae of the world. Bulletin of the Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College 88: 1-360 [214-215] (as Chionaspis citri)

Ferris, G.F. 1937. Atlas of the scale insects of North America. Series 1. Palo Alto, California : Stanford University Press Vol. 1 136 pp. [129] (as Unaspis citri; description; illustration)

Froggatt, W.W. 1914. A descriptive catalogue of the scale insects (Coccidae) of Australia (Part I). Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 25: 983-989 [986] (as Chionaspis citri; description)

Houser, J.S. 1918. The Coccidae of Cuba. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 11: 157-172 [160] (as Chionaspis citri)

Kuwana, I. 1926. The diaspine Coccidae of Japan, IV. Genera Cryptoparlatoria, Howardia, Sasakiaspis, Diaspis, Aulacaspis, Pinnaspis and Prontaspis. Imperial Plant Quarantine Service Technical Bulletin 4: 1-44, 12 pls, 1 fig. [43-44] (as Prontaspis citri; description; illustration)

Maskell, W.M. 1893. Further coccid notes: with descriptions of new species from Australia, India, Sandwich Islands, Demerara, and South Pacific. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 25: 201-252 [211] (as Chionaspis citri; description)

Maskell, W.M. 1895. Synoptical list of Coccidae reported from Australasia and the Pacific Islands up to December 1894. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 27: 1-35 [9] (as Chionaspis citri)

Rao, V.P. 1949. The genus Unaspis MacGillivray (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Microentomology 14(2): 59-72 [62] (as Unaspis citri; description; illustration)

Williams, D.J. & Watson, G.W. 1988. The Scale Insects of the Tropical South Pacific Region. Part 1. The armoured scales (Diaspididae). London : CAB International Institute of Entomology 290 pp. [247-248] (as Unaspis citri; description; illustration)

History of changes