- Trichoglossus Stephens, J.F. 1826. In, General Zoology or Systematic Natural History, commenced by the late George Shaw, M.D.F.R.S. & C. Aves. London : J. & A. Arch etc. Vol. XIV Pt I 385 pp. pls 1-41. [published late 1826] [129] [Validated as correct name with above authorship, place of publication and below-cited type species by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature Direction 82, with gender masculine. Attributed to Vigor & Horsfield (1825) and first published as a nom. nud. by Vigors 1825 thus there unavailable under IZCN Art. 12. Trichoglossus Stephens is itself based on Vigors & Horsfield (1827) and its authorship is commonly attributed to Vigors & Horsfield, see Salvadori (1891), Peters (1940), Condon (1975), Wolters (1975), but priority and authorship corrected in Mathews (1916, 1919). Stephens prior use of Trichoglossus is made available by both diagnosis and his including under it seven nominal species, as pointed out by Mathews (loc. cit.), see ICZN Art. 12(b)(5). Whatever the generic concept of Stephens, Psittacus haematopus (=haematotus) Gmelin, 1788 (=Psittacus haematodus Linnaeus, 1771, by reference) was among the included names and available for selection as type species, see ICZN Art. 69(a)(i) cf. Opinion 67 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. See references in Introduction.].
Type species:
Psittacus haematodes Linnaeus, 1771 by subsequent designation, see Lesson, R.P. 1828. Manuel d' Ornithologie, ou Description des Genres et des principales Espèces d'Oiseaux. Paris : Roret Vol. 2 448 pp. [147]. - Trichoglossus Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170-331 [Date published 17 Feb 1827: publication dated 1826] [287] [junior homonym of Trichoglossus Stephens, 1826 by Direction 82 of International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, but date of publication as cited (1826) is incorrect].
Type species:
Psittacus haematodes Linnaeus, 1771 by subsequent designation, see Gray, G.R. 1840. A List of the Genera of Birds, with an indication of the typical species of each genus. London : R. & J.E. Taylor viii 80 pp. [Date published Apr 1840: published before Apr.] [51]. - Australasia Lesson, R.P. 1830. Traité d'Ornithologie, ou Tableau Méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d'oiseaux. Paris : F.G. Levrault Vol. 1 xxxii 659 pp., Vol. 2 (Atlas) xii 119. [Date published July 1830: Livr. 3, July 1830, dated 1831; Livr. 6 published 1831] [209] [livr. 3; also spelt Australia by Bonaparte, C.L. 1850. Conspectus Generum Avium. Tom. I. Lugduni, Batavorum : E.J. Brill 543 pp. [published June] (3)].
Type species:
Australasia novaehollandiae Lesson, 1830 by subsequent designation, see Salvadori, T. 1880. Ornitologia della Papuasia e delle Molucche. Parte Prima. Torino : G.B. Paravia & Co. xii 573 pp. [279] (=Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788)). - Eutelipsitta Mathews, G.M. 1911. On some necessary alterations in the nomenclature of birds. Pt II. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 1-22 [For publication date Mathews, G.M. 1913. New generic names, with some notes on others. Austral Avian Records 2: 55–62] [10] [published without description but based by reference on Psittacus chlorolepidotus Kuhl, 1820, and available under ICZN Art. 12(b)(5); introduced for that nominal species to replace Psitteuteles Bonaparte, 1854, a name transferred to another group of lorikeets by subsequent designation of type species, see Mathews in original description of Eutelipsitta Mathews, 1911].
Type species:
Psittacus chlorolepidotus Kuhl, 1820 by original designation.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
Introduction
Christidis and Boles (2008: 153) do not recognise the species T. rubritorquis, but see their discussion on p. 153 re T. haematodus complex. Since these authors state that '… there is a case for recognising further species …', T. rubritorquis is retained here for the present.
Excluded Taxa
- Misidentifications
PSITTACIDAE: Trichoglossus haematodus capistratus (Bechstein, 1811)
Distribution
States
Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Lesser Sundas, Moluccas and Papuasia, east to Vanuatu and New Caledonia, north to the Admiralty Ils and Ponapé in the Carolines, and west to Bali, Sulawesi and the Philippines.
IBRA
ACT, NSW, NT, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Kimberley (CK), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Dampierland (DL), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), Northern Kimberley (NK), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Sturt Plateau (STU), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Victoria Bonaparte (VB), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT) ; ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Warren (WAR) ; NSW, NT, Qld, Vic: Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Mulga Lands (ML) ; NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Gawler (GAW)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Distribution References
- Forshaw, J.M. 1978. Parrots of the World. 2nd (revised) Edn. Illustrated by W.T. Cooper. Melbourne : Lansdowne Edns 616 pp. 158 pls. (excluding T. versicolor Lear, 1831 and T. goldiei (Sharpe, 1882))
- Sibley, C.G. & Monroe, B.L., Jr 1990. Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. New Haven : Yale University Press xxiv 1111 pp.
- Wolters, H.E. 1975. Die Vogelarten der Erde. Eine systematische Liste mit Verbreitungsangaben sowie deutschen und englischen Namen. Hamburg : Paul Parey Lief. 1, 1-80 pp. (excluding T. iris (Temminck, 1835))
General References
Condon, H.T. 1975. Checklist of the Birds of Australia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union xx 311 pp. (synonymy; Australian taxa)
Forshaw, J.M. 1978. Parrots of the World. 2nd (revised) Edn. Illustrated by W.T. Cooper. Melbourne : Lansdowne Edns 616 pp. 158 pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement also subsequent revisions)
Mathews, G.M. 1916. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 1. pp. 1-104 pls 275-282. [Date published 22 Nov. 1916: publication dated as 1916–1917] [9-12]
Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385-499 + xii pls 363-370 Appendixes A & B. [Date published 12 June 1919: publication dated as from preface, 12 June 1919 given in Appendix B]
Peters, J.L. 1937. Check-list of Birds of the World. Cambridge : Harvard University Press Vol. 3 xiii 311 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Vigors, N.A. 1825. Sketches in ornithology; or, observations on the leading affinities of some of the more extensive groups of birds. Zoological Journal London 2: 368-405 [400]
Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1825. In Proceedings of meeting of the Zoological Club of the Linnean Society, May 10, 1925. Zoological Journal London 2: 281 [Sclater, P.L. 1893. List of the dates of delivery of the sheets of the "Proceedings" of the Zoological Society of London, from the commencement in 1830 to 1859 inclusive. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1893: 435–440]
Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170-331 [Date published 17 Feb 1827: publication dated 1826] [287]
Wolters, H.E. 1975. Die Vogelarten der Erde. Eine systematische Liste mit Verbreitungsangaben sowie deutschen und englischen Namen. Hamburg : Paul Parey Lief. 1, 1-80 pp. (synonymy; except for inclusion of Psitteuteles iris (Temminck, 1835))
History of changes
Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
10-Nov-2020 | AVES | 29-Feb-2024 | MODIFIED | |
26-Oct-2015 | Loriinae | 28-Feb-2020 | MODIFIED | |
26-Oct-2015 | 01-Mar-2012 | MOVED | ||
10-Nov-2020 | 10-Nov-2020 | MODIFIED | ||
10-Nov-2020 | MODIFIED |
- Psittacus chlorolepidotus Kuhl, H. 1820. Conspectus Psittacorum. Cum specierum definitionibus, novarum descriptionibus, synonymis et circa patriam singularum naturalem adversariis, adjecto indice museorum, ubi earum artificiosae exuviae servantur. Nova Acta Physico-Medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae 10: 1-104 pls I-III [48] [evidently based on same specimen as Trichoglossus matoni Vigors & Horsfield, 1827, see Mathews, G.M. 1916. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 1. pp. 1–104 pls 275–282 [publication dated as 1916–1917, 22 Nov. 1916] (34); Warren, R.L.M. 1966. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 1 Non-Passerines. London : British Museum ix 320 pp.; cf. Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170–331 [publication dated 1826, published Feb. 1827]].
Type data:
Holotype BMNH 1863.7.7.56 unsexed adult (ex Linnean Society of London coll.), New South Wales (central east coast) (as Nova Hollandia)
Comment: for identification of holotype, see Warren, R.L.M. 1966. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 1 Non-Passerines. London : British Museum ix 320 pp.-by the handwriting on the field label, it was collected by Robert Brown, and may have come from anywhere on the central- and northeast coast of Australia.Type locality references:
Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912]; Warren, R.L.M. 1966. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 1 Non-Passerines. London : British Museum ix 320 pp. - Trichoglossus matoni Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170-331 [Date published 17 Feb 1827: publication dated 1826] [291] [junior objective synonym of Psittacus chlorolepidotus Kuhl, 1820 (q.v.), evidently based on same specimen, cf. Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170–331 [publication dated 1826, published Feb. 1827] (footnote to p. 291)].
Type data:
Holotype BMNH 1863.7.7.56 unsexed adult (ex Linnean Society of London coll.), New South Wales (central east coast) (as New Holland)
Comment: for deposition and identification of holotype, see Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls (66); Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2. (414-416); Warren, R.L.M. 1966. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 1 Non-Passerines. London : British Museum ix 320 pp. - Australasia viridis Lesson, R.P. 1830. Traité d'Ornithologie, ou Tableau Méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d'oiseaux. Paris : F.G. Levrault Vol. 1 xxxii 659 pp., Vol. 2 (Atlas) xii 119. [Date published July 1830: Livr. 3, July 1830, dated 1831; Livr. 6 published 1831] [210] [livr. 3; described from material taken by J.R.C.Quoy and J.P.Gaimard, probably between Sydney and Bathurst which Quoy visited in Nov.-Dec. 1819 on his only stop in the range of this species, see Pucheran, J. 1853. Etudes sur les types peu connus du Musée de Paris. Sixième article. (Grimpeurs). Rev. Mag. Zool. Paris 2 5: 156–164; Whittell, H.M. 1954. The Literature of Australian Birds: a History and Bibliography of Australian Ornithology. Perth : Paterson Brokensha xi 116 788 pp. (72)].
Type data:
Holotype MNHP, Sydney-Bathurst, NSW (as Timor (?))
Comment: for identification of holotype and correction of its provenance, see Pucheran, J. 1853. Etudes sur les types peu connus du Musée de Paris. Sixième article. (Grimpeurs). Rev. Mag. Zool. Paris 2 5: 156–164; Hellmayr, C.E. 1916. Weiteres zur avifauna von Timor. Novitates Zoologicae 23: 96–111. - Psitteuteles neglectus Reichenow, A. 1898. Psitteuteles neglectus, Rchw. n.sp. Oriental Insects 6: 4-5 [4] [type locality restricted to Cape York by Mathews, G.M. 1927. Systema Avium Australasianarum. A systematic list of the birds of the Australasian region. London : British Ornithologists' Union Pt 1 iv 426 pp., upon presumption that collector Emil Weiske only worked there in Australia—but Weiske collected at Cairns as well, within the normal range for the species, see Whittell, H.M. 1954. The Literature of Australian Birds: a History and Bibliography of Australian Ornithology. Perth : Paterson Brokensha xi 116 788 pp. (747)].
Type data:
Syntype(s) ZMB, Cairns, QLD (as North Queensland).Type locality references:
Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912]. - Eutelipsitta chlorolepidota minor Mathews, G.M. 1916. List of additions of new sub-species to, and changes in, my "List of the Birds of Australia". Austral Avian Records 3(3): 53-68 [Date published 4 Apr 1916] [57].
Type data:
Syntype(s) AMNH 617593 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), Cairns, north QLD (as North Queensland); AMNH 617594 unsexed (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), Cairns, north QLD (as North Queensland); AMNH 617595 unsexed (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), Cairns, north QLD (as North Queensland); AMNH 617596 unsexed (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), Cairns, north QLD (as North Queensland); AMNH 617597 unsexed (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. unspecified), Cairns, north QLD (as North Queensland); AMNH 617598 unsexed (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 16808), Cairns, north QLD (as North Queensland); AMNH 617599 unsexed (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 16808), Cairns, north QLD (as North Queensland)
Comment: for identification of syntypes and type locality, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
Distribution
States
New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria
Extra Distribution Information
Coastal and subcoastal E Australia, north to about Endeavour River (breeding) and erratically to most of Cape York Peninsula, QLD, south to the Illawarra district, NSW, and inland to the inner west slopes of the Great Dividing Range, reaching the upper Lynd River and Warrego-Carnarvon Ranges in the north, and the Darling Downs, Moree district, Warrumbungle Ranges and upper Lachlan River drainage in the south—also main off-shore islands: Fraser, Bribie, Moreton and Stradbroke. Introduced and established successfully in the environs of Melbourne during 1970s.
IBRA
NSW, NT, Qld, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Arnhem Coast (ARC), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Broken Hill Complex (BHC), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Cobar Peneplain (CP), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Desert Uplands (DEU), Darling Riverine Plains (DRP), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Flinders (FLI), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Mulga Lands (ML), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)
Original AFD Distribution Data
Australian Region
- Australia
- New South Wales: Murray-Darling basin, SE coastal
- Northern Territory: N Gulf
- Queensland: Murray-Darling basin, N Gulf, NE coastal
- Victoria: SE coastal
Ecological Descriptors
Arboreal, diurnal, frugivorous, gregarious, mellivore, nomadic, open forest, tall forest, volant, woodland.
Extra Ecological Information
Seasonal breeder/opportunistic breeder, feeds on nectar, pollen, fruit-flesh and (accidentally?) seeds and insects in tree crowns in eucalypt-paperbark (Melaleuca) woodland and open forest, rarely pockets of rainforest, flocks and roosts in communal groups, flies directly on swiftly beating wings, nests on bed of wood dust in high tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear white-downed, dark-billed chicks, wanders both locally and regionally to seasonal food sources.
General References
Cannon, C.E. 1984. Movements of lorikeets with an artificially supplemented diet. Australian Wildlife Research 11: 173-179 (movements)
Cannon, C.E. 1984. The diet of lorikeets Trichoglossus spp. in the Queensland - New South Wales border region. The Emu 84: 16-22 (diet)
Frith, C.B. & Carline, F. 1974. Psittacidae. In, Hall, B.P. (ed.). Birds of the Harold Hall Australian Expeditions 1962–70. A report on the collections made for the British Museum (Natural History). Results of the Harold Hall Australian Expeditions. London : British Museum Vol. 33 xi 396 pp., 10 pls col. pl. map. (synonymy)
Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1-306 (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Hamley, T. 1977. Feeding behaviour of Scaly-breasted Lorikeets. Sunbird 8: 37-40 (diet, social behaviour)
Leggett, R. & Woodall, P.F. 1987. Hybrid Scaly-breasted x Rainbow Lorikeets. Australian Bird Watcher 12: 122-126 (morphology, genetics)
Mathews, G.M. 1916. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 1. pp. 1-104 pls 275-282. [Date published 22 Nov. 1916: publication dated as 1916–1917] [36] (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Mitchell, P. 1979. Scaly-breasted Lorikeets at Mount Eliza, Victoria. Australian Bird Watcher 8: 99-100 (establishment around Melbourne)
North, A.J. 1912. Nests and Eggs of Birds Found Breeding in Australia and Tasmania. Sydney : Australian Museum Spec. Cat. 1 Vol. 3 vii 362 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Peters, J.L. 1937. Check-list of Birds of the World. Cambridge : Harvard University Press Vol. 3 xiii 311 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls. (synonymy and specific limits)
Walters, I.N. 1979. Transit party size in Trichoglossus (Aves: Loriidae) at Corinda, Queensland. Sunbird 10: 41-43 (behaviour, social organisation)
History of changes
Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
26-Oct-2015 | 01-Mar-2012 | MOVED | ||
12-Feb-2010 | (import) |
- Psittacus haematodus Linnaeus, C. 1771. Mantissa Plantarum. Holmiae : Laurentii Salvii Holmiae Pts 1 & 2 588 pp. [524] (as haematod. in abbreviation).
Type data:
Lectotype MNHNP (ex. W.G. Graaf Bentinck per Réaumur Museum; destroyed, figured on pl. 61 Daubenton (1765-1781)), Amboina [Ambon], Moluccas.
Paralectotype(s) whereabouts unknown (presumed lost; figured on pl. 232 in Edwards (1758)), same data as Lectotype.Subsequent designation references:
Stresemann, E. 1952. On the birds collected by Pierre Poivre in Canton, Manila, India and Madagascar (1751–1756). Ibis 94: 499-523 [511].Secondary source:
Edwards, G. 1758. Gleanings of Natural History, exhibiting figures of Quadrupeds, Birds, Insects, Plants, & c. Most of which have not, till now, been either Figured or Described. London : G. Edwards Part 1 xxxv 108 pp. pls 211-260. [pl. 232]; Daubenton, E.L. 1781. Planches Enluminées d'Histoire Naturelle. In Buffon, G.L. (1770–1786). Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. Paris : l'Imprimerie Royale Vols I–X. [published between as 1765-1781 Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp.] [opp. p. 129].
Introduction
Recognition of a single species for the 'haematodus-complex', following Christidis and Boles (2008: 153), necessitates assignment of a new CAVS number, as merging of rubritorquis changes the concept of the species.
The complex was divided into seven species by del Hoyo & Collar (2014), but is deemed premature by Schweizer et al. (2015) because the phylogenetic relationships at species level have not yet been determined.
Distribution
States
Queensland
IBRA
Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Details of nominate subspecies, not present in Australia
Psittacus haematodus Linnaeus, C. 1771. Mantissa Plantarum. Holmiae : Laurentii Salvii Pts 1 & 2–588 pp. [524] [as haematod. in abbreviation, probably to avoid inserting last syllable on another line, and written by many later authors as haematod (see Peters, J.L. 1937. Check-list of Birds of the World. Cambridge : Harvard University Press Vol. 3 xiii 311 pp.), haematotus (see Gmelin, J.F. 1788. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer Pt 1 pp. 1–500 [For publication date Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84] (316)), haematopus (see Bechstein, J.M. 1811. Kurze Uebersicht aller bekannten Vögel oder ihre Kennzeichen der Art nach Lathams General Synopsis of Birds und seinem Index ornithologicus. Nürnberg : A.G. Schneider & Weigel iv 536 pp. 42 pls (67), where misapplied), and haematodes (see Shaw, G. 1812. General Zoology, or Systematic Natural History. Aves. London : Kearsley, Wilkie & Robinson Vol. VIII Pt 2 vi pp. 244–557 pls 46–84 [publication dated 1811] (415)-corrected here to haematodus following Opinion 67 and Direction 82 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature: all alternative spellings op. cit. have been determined as unjustified and placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Specific Names in Zoology by Direction 82; name based on both the red-breasted Parrakeet on plate 232, p. 45 in Edwards, G. 1758. Gleanings of Natural History, exhibiting figures of Quadrupeds, Birds, Insects, Plants, & c. Most of which have not, till now, been either Figured or Described.. London : G. Edwards Pt I xxxv 108 pp. pls 211-260 and on la Perruche variée d'Amboine on p. 364 in Brisson, M.-J. 1760. Ornithologie ou méthode contenant la Division des oiseaux en Ordres, Sectiones, Genres, Espèces & leurs Variétés. Paris : J.-B. Bauche Vol. IV 576 liv pp. XLVI pls; both descriptions are based on different specimens and possibly taxa, see Jardine, W. & Selby, P.J. 1831. Illustrations of Ornithology. Edinburgh : W.H. Lizars Series Vol. 1 Pt 8 pls 106–120 pp. [Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B [publication dated as from preface, 12 June 1919 given in Appendix B] (Appendix B)] (text to pl. 112); lectotypification effected under ICZN Art. 74(a) & (b) and lectotype figured on pl. 61 of Daubenton, E.L. 1781. Planches Enluminées d'Histoire Naturelle. In Buffon, G.L. (1770–1786). Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. Paris : l'Imprimerie Royale Vols I–X. [published between as 1765-1781 Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp.] (Vol. VII, opposite p. 129), ex W.G. Graaf Bentinck Collection and since destroyed, see Stresemann, E. 1952. On the birds collected by Pierre Poivre in Canton, Manila, India and Madagascar (1751–1756). Ibis 94: 499–523 [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp. Zimmer, J.T. 1926. Catalogue of the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. Field Museum of Natural History Publications, Zoological Series 16: 1–364 (Pt 1, Publ. 239), 365–706 (Pt 2, Publ. 240) Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B [publication dated as from preface, 12 June 1919 given in Appendix B]]]
Type data: lectotype MNHP* (ex W.G. Graaf Bentinck per Réaumur Museum), destroyed, figured on pl. 61 in Daubenton, E.L. 1781. Planches Enluminées d'Histoire Naturelle. In Buffon, G.L. (1770–1786). Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. Paris : l'Imprimerie Royale Vols I–X. [published between as 1765-1781 Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp.]), paralectotype(s)* (ex G. Edwards Collection, whereabouts unknown, lost, figured on pl. 232 Edwards, G. 1758. Gleanings of Natural History, exhibiting figures of Quadrupeds, Birds, Insects, Plants, & c. Most of which have not, till now, been either Figured or Described.. London : G. Edwards Pt I xxxv 108 pp. pls 211-260).
Subsequent designation:Stresemann, E. 1952. On the birds collected by Pierre Poivre in Canton, Manila, India and Madagascar (1751–1756). Ibis 94: 499–523 [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp. Zimmer, J.T. 1926. Catalogue of the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. Field Museum of Natural History Publications, Zoological Series 16: 1–364 (Pt 1, Publ. 239), 365–706 (Pt 2, Publ. 240) Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B [publication dated as from preface, 12 June 1919 given in Appendix B]] (511).
Type locality: Ambon, Moluccas (as Amboina), see Stresemann, E. 1952. On the birds collected by Pierre Poivre in Canton, Manila, India and Madagascar (1751–1756). Ibis 94: 499–523 [Mathews, G.M. 1925. The Birds of Australia. Supplements 4 & 5. Bibliography of the Birds of Australia Pts 1 & 2. London : H.F. & G. Witherby viii 149 pp. Zimmer, J.T. 1926. Catalogue of the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. Field Museum of Natural History Publications, Zoological Series 16: 1–364 (Pt 1, Publ. 239), 365–706 (Pt 2, Publ. 240) Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B [publication dated as from preface, 12 June 1919 given in Appendix B]].
General References
Cain, A.J. 1955. A revision of Trichoglossus haematodus and of the Australian platycercine parrots. Ibis 97: 432-479 (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Forshaw, J.M. 1978. Parrots of the World. 2nd (revised) Edn. Illustrated by W.T. Cooper. Melbourne : Lansdowne Edns 616 pp. 158 pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Forshaw, J.M. 1981. Australian Parrots. 2nd (revised) Edn. Illustrated by W.T. Cooper. Melbourne : Lansdowne Edns 312 pp. 56 pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Peters, J.L. 1937. Check-list of Birds of the World. Cambridge : Harvard University Press Vol. 3 xiii 311 pp. [150-151] (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Schweizer, M., Wright, T.F., Peñalba, J.V., Schirtzinger, E. & Joseph, L. 2015. Molecular phylogenetics suggests a New Guinean origin and frequent episodes of founder-event speciation in the nectarivorous lories and lorikeets (Aves: Psittaciformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 90: 34-48 [41]
Wolters, H.E. 1975. Die Vogelarten der Erde. Eine systematische Liste mit Verbreitungsangaben sowie deutschen und englischen Namen. Hamburg : Paul Parey Lief. 1, 1-80 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement specific limits)
History of changes
Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
10-Nov-2020 | AVES | 29-Feb-2024 | MODIFIED | |
26-Oct-2015 | Loriinae | 05-Apr-2019 | MODIFIED | |
26-Oct-2015 | 01-Mar-2012 | MOVED | ||
12-Feb-2010 | (import) |
Subspecies Trichoglossus haematodus caeruleiceps d'Albertis & Salvadori, 1879
- Trichoglossus caeruleiceps Albertis, L.M. d' & Salvadori, T. 1879. Catalogo degli uccelli raccolti da L.M. d'Albertis durante la 2a e 3a esplorazone del Fiume Fly negli anni 1876 e 1877. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova 14: 21-147 [41].
Type data:
Holotype MCG C.E. 22781 ♀, Katau River, New Guinea (as F. Kataw)
Comment: for identification of holotype, see Arbocco, G., Capocaccia, L. & Violani, C. 1979. Catalogo dei tipi di uccelli del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Genova 82: 184–265.
Distribution
States
Queensland
Extra Distribution Information
Saibai and possibly Boigu Ils., Torres Strait, QLD; Trans-Fly region, Papua New Guinea
IBRA
Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Ecological Descriptors
Arboreal, closed forest, diurnal, frugivorous, gregarious, mellivore, nomadic, open forest, volant, woodland.
Extra Ecological Information
Seasonal breeder, feeds on nectar, pollen, fruit-flesh and (accidentally?) seeds and insects in tree crowns in eucalypt, paperbark and broad-leaf forests and woodlands, flocks and roosts in communal groups, flies directly on swiftly beating wings, nests on bed of wood dust in tree hollows, wanders both locally and regionally to seasonal food sources.
General References
Rand, A.L. 1942. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 42 Birds of the 1936–1937 New Guinea expedition. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 79: 289-366 (status)
History of changes
Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
10-Nov-2020 | AVES | 29-Feb-2024 | MODIFIED | |
26-Oct-2015 | 01-Mar-2012 | MOVED | ||
12-Feb-2010 | (import) |
Introduction
Trichoglossus moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788) is split from Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771) based on various sources including del Hoyo & Collar (2014) Braun et al. (2017) Smith et al. (2020) Joseph et al. (2020)
Distribution
States
Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Eastern Australia from south of Cape York along east coast, mostly east of the Great Dividing Range, then west through southern VIC to southeast SA, also TAS and an introduced population in Perth and surrounds
Australian Endemic.
IBRA
ACT, NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic, WA: Avon Wheatbelt (AW), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Desert Uplands (DEU), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Geraldton Sandplains (GS), Gulf Plains (GUP), Jarrah Forest (JF), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Riverina (RIV), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Tasmanian Southern Ranges (TSR), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Warren (WAR), Wet Tropics (WT) ; NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Gawler (GAW) ; Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
General References
Braun, M.P., Reinschmidt, M., Datzmann, T., Waugh, D., Zamora, R., Häbich, A., Neves, L., Gerlach, H., Arndt, T., Mettke-Hofmann, C., Sauer-Gürth, H. & Wink, M. 2017. Influences of oceanic islands and the Pleistocene on the biogeography and evolution of two groups of Australasian parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes: Eclectus roratus, Trichoglossus haematodus complex). Rapid evolution and implications for taxonomy and conservation. European Journal of Ecology 3(2): 47-66
Joseph, L., Merwin, J. & Smith, B.T. 2020. Improved systematics of lorikeets reflects their evolutionary history and frames conservation priorities. Emu - Austral Ornithology 120(3): 201-215
Schweizer, M., Wright, T.F., Peñalba, J.V., Schirtzinger, E. & Joseph, L. 2015. Molecular phylogenetics suggests a New Guinean origin and frequent episodes of founder-event speciation in the nectarivorous lories and lorikeets (Aves: Psittaciformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 90: 34-48
Smith, B. T., Mauck, W. M., Benz, B., & Andersen, M. J. 2020. Uneven missing data skew phylogenomic relationships within the lories and lorikeets. Genome Biology and Evolution 12(7): 1131-1147
History of changes
Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
AVES | 14-Sep-2023 | ADDED |
Subspecies Trichoglossus moluccanus moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788)
- Psittacus moluccanus Gmelin, J.F. 1788. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer Vol. 1(1) 1-500 pp. [For publication date Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84] [316].
Type data:
Neotype ANWC 42816 ♀ adult, Sydney, NSW (as Amboina). - Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, J.F. 1788. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer Vol. 1(1) 1-500 pp. [For publication date Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84] [316].
Type data:
Syntype(s) whereabouts unknown (ex Joseph Banks coll.), probably Bustard Bay, QLD, or east QLD coast (as nova Hollandia); whereabouts unknown (formerly? HM, ex M. Tunstall Collection, lost, figured on pl. 7 in Brown, P. 1776. Nouvelles Illustrations de Zoologie, contenant cinquante planches enluminées d'Oiseaux curieux, et qui non etés jamais descrits, et quelques de Quadrupeds, de Reptiles et d'Insects, avec de courtes Descriptions systematiques. London : B. White 136 pp. 50 pls [Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B (Appendix B)]), Botany Bay, NSW (as nova Hollandia).Type locality references:
Brown, P. 1776. Nouvelles Illustrations de Zoologie, contenant cinquante planches enluminées d'Oiseaux curieux, et qui non etés jamais descrits, et quelques de Quadrupeds, de Reptiles et d'Insects, avec de courtes Descriptions systematiques. London : B. White 136 pp. 50 pls. [Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B (Appendix B)] [14] (cf. Stresemann, E. 1953. Analyse von C.J. Temmincks "Catalogue Systématique" (1807). Zoologische Mededelingen (Leiden) 31: 319–331); Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [107] (cf. Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171–455 [publication dated Jan. 1912, published 31 Jan.] and subsequent revisions). - Psittacus multicolor Gmelin, J.F. 1788. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Linné, editio decima tertia, aucta, reformata. Regnum Animalium. Leipzig (Lipsiae) : G.E. Beer Vol. 1(1) 1-500 pp. [For publication date Duncan, F.M. 1937. On the dates of publication of the Society's 'Proceedings', 1859–1926. With an appendix containing the dates of publication of 'Proceedings', 1830–1858, compiled by the late F.H. Waterhouse, and of the 'Transactions', 1833–1869, by the late Henry Peavot, originally published in P.Z.S. 1893, 1913. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 107: 71–84] [328].
Type data:
Neotype ANWC 42816 ♀ adult, Sydney, NSW (as insulis oceani indici).Subsequent designation references:
Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [136].Type locality references:
Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912]; Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 5 pp. 373-444 pls 308-316. [Date published 11 Sept. 1917: volume dated as 1916-1917 Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B [publication dated as from preface, 12 June 1919 given in Appendix B] (Appendix B)] [408]; Whittell, H.M. 1954. The Literature of Australian Birds: a History and Bibliography of Australian Ornithology. Perth : Paterson Brokensha xi 116 788 pp. [51] (cf. Warren, R.L.M. & Harrison, C.J.O. 1971. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2 Passerines. London : British Museum vi 628 pp. [Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B (Appendix B)]); Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [136]. - Psittacus semicollaris Latham, J. 1790. Index ornithologicus, sive Systema Ornithologiae; complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates: adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c. London : Leigh & Sotheby Vol. 1 & 2 xviii 920 pp. [103] [nom. nov. for Psittacus multicolor Gmelin, 1788, based on the White-collared Parrot figured on pl. II (pp. 6, 59) in Pennant, T. 1781. Genera of Birds. London : B. White xxv 68 pp. 15 pls; type locality cited as India].
Secondary source:
Pennant, T. 1781. Genera of Birds. London : B. White xxv 68 pp. 15 pls. - Psittacus haematodus daviesianus Kerr, R. 1792. The Animal Kingdom, or Zoological System, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus; being a translation of that part of the Systema Naturae, as lately published, with great improvements, by Professor Gmelin of Goettingen. Class II. Birds. London : J. Murray & R. Faulder xii 644 pp. [565] [as Ps. haematotus daviesianus].
Type data:
Holotype whereabouts unknown (?lost, figured on drawing formerly in General T. Davies coll.), New South Wales (probably) (as New-holland).Type locality references:
Mathews, G.M. 1920. The Birds of Australia. Supplement No. 1. Check List of the Birds of Australia Part 1. Orders Casuariiformes to Menuriformes. London : Witherby pp. iv 1-116. [Zimmer, J.T. 1926. Catalogue of the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. Field Museum of Natural History Publications, Zoological Series 16: 1–364 (Pt 1, Publ. 239), 365–706 (Pt 2, Publ. 240) (collation of livraisons affecting original description) Mathews, G.M. 1911. On some necessary alterations in the nomenclature of birds. Pt II. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 1–22 (collation of livraisons affecting original description) Sherborn, C.D. 1922. Index Animalium; sive, Index nominem quae ab A.D. 1758 generibus et speciebus animalium imposita sunt, societatibus eruditorum adiuvantibus. Sectio Secunda, 1801–1850. London : British Museum Pt 1 cxxxvi 128 pp. [lxxx]] (cf. Mathews, G.M. 1916. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pt 1. pp. 1–104 pls 275–282 [publication dated as 1916–1917, 22 Nov. 1916] [17]). - Psittacus cyanogaster Shaw, G. 1812. General Zoology, or Systematic Natural History. Aves. London : Kearsley, Wilkie & Robinson Vol. VIII Pt 2 vi pp. 244-557 pls 46-84. [Date published 1811] [413] [based largely on Psittacus haematodus var. ß gamma sigma in Latham, J. 1790. Index ornithologicus, sive Systema Ornithologiae; complectens avium divisionem in classes, ordines, genera, species, ipsarumque varietates: adjectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, &c. London : Leigh & Sotheby Vol. 1 & 2 xviii 920 pp. [published Dec. Mathews, G.M. 1927. Systema Avium Australasianarum. A systematic list of the birds of the Australasian region. London : British Ornithologists' Union Pt 1 iv 426 pp. Mathews, G.M. 1913. A List of the Birds of Australia containing the names and synonyms connected with each genus, species, and subspecies of birds found in Australia, at present known to the author. London : Witherby xxvii 453 pp.] (87), and thus on Psittacus moluccanus Gmelin, 1788 (q.v.), P. novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788 (316) (q.v.) and P. haematodus daviesianus Kerr, 1792 (q.v.) together, senior objective synonyms, and on la Perruche à téte bleue, mâle on pl. 24 in Levaillant, F. 1805. Histoire Naturelle des Perroquets. Paris : Levrault, Schoell & Ce Vol. 1 135 pp. pls 1–71 [published between 1801–1805]].
Type data:
Lectotype ANWC 42816 ♀ adult (neotype of Psittascus moluccanus Gmelin, 1788), Sydney, NSW (as several of the Molucca islands, as well as in New Holland).
Paralectotype(s) (that of Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788, p. 316, that of Psittacus haematodus daviesianus Kerr, 1792, that of Psittacus haematodus Linnaeus, 1771, figured on pl. 24 in Levaillant, F. 1805. Histoire Naturelle des Perroquets. Paris : Levrault, Schoell & Ce Vol. 1 135 pp. pls 1–71 [published between 1801–1805]).Subsequent designation references:
Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. (lectotype selection); Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [137].Type locality references:
Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [137] (see Psittacus moluccanus Gmelin, 1788 (above)). - Psittacus ornatus Lesson, R.P. 1828. Manuel d' Ornithologie, ou Description des Genres et des principales Espèces d'Oiseaux. Paris : Roret Vol. 2 448 pp. [147] [junior homonym of Psittacus ornatus Linnaeus, 1758 (=Trichoglossus ornatus (Linnaeus, 1758))].
Type data:
Holotype MNHP (institution uncertain), Port Jackson, NSW. - Australasia novaehollandiae Lesson, R.P. 1830. Traité d'Ornithologie, ou Tableau Méthodique des ordres, sous-ordres, familles, tribus, genres, sous-genres et races d'oiseaux. Paris : F.G. Levrault Vol. 1 xxxii 659 pp., Vol. 2 (Atlas) xii 119. [Date published July 1830: Livr. 3, July 1830, dated 1831; Livr. 6 published 1831] [209] [livr. 3; as Novae Hollandiae ; based in part on specimens from the Blue Mountains, NSW, on Psittacus haematodus Gmelin, 1788 (=Linnaeus, 1771), and on la Perruche à tête bleue, mâle on pl. 24 in Levaillant, F. 1805. Histoire Naturelle des Perroquets. Paris : Levrault, Schoell & Ce Vol. 1 135 pp. pls 1–71 [published between 1801–1805] (=Psittacus cyanogaster Shaw, 1812, q.v., in part)].
Type data:
Lectotype MNHP ♂ (institution uncertain), Blue Mountains, NSW (as la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, dans les montagnes Bleues).
Paralectotype(s) MNHP ♀ (institution uncertain, also that of Psittacus haematodus Linnaeus, 1771, and Psittacus cyanogaster Shaw, 1812).Subsequent designation references:
Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [137] (lectotype selection); Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [137]. - Trichoglossus swainsoni Jardine, W. & Selby, P.J. 1831. Illustrations of Ornithology. Edinburgh : W.H. Lizars Series Vol. 1 Pt 8 pls 106-120. [Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B [publication dated as from preface, 12 June 1919 given in Appendix B] (Appendix B)] [text to pl. 112] [based in part on the Perruche des Moluques, Buffon (=Psittacus moluccanus Gmelin, 1788, q.v.), on the Perruche à tête bleue, mâle on pl. 24 in Levaillant, F. 1805. Histoire Naturelle des Perroquets. Paris : Levrault, Schoell & Ce Vol. 1 135 pp. pls 1–71 [published between 1801–1805] (=Psittacus cyanogaster Shaw, 1812, q.v.), on the Blue-bellied Parrakeet, Brown (=Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788 p. 316, q.v.)), and on 'Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771)' in Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170–331 [publication dated 1826, published Feb. 1827] (288–289)].
Type data:
Syntype(s) ANWC 42816 ♀ adult (neotype of Psittacus moluccanus Gmelin, 1788, that of Psittacus novaehollandiae Gmelin, 1788, that of Psittacus cyanogaster Shaw, 1812, those syntypes included under Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771) by Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170–331 [publication dated 1826, published Feb. 1827]), Sydney, Botany Bay, NSW (as New Holland); whereabouts unknown (?lost, figured on pl. 112 in Jardine, W. & Selby, P.J. 1831. Illustrations of Ornithology. Edinburgh : W.H. Lizars Series Vol. 1 Pt 8 pls 106–120 pp. [Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B [publication dated as from preface, 12 June 1919 given in Appendix B] (Appendix B)]), Sydney, Botany Bay, NSW (as New Holland). - Trichoglossus colesi Le Souëf, D. 1910. Description of a new Queensland lorikeet. The Emu 10: 204-205 [204] [type material not gazetted among type specimens in NMV to which both W.H.D. Le Souëf and RAOU collections were donated].
Type data:
Holotype whereabouts unknown (?lost), Gladstone, QLD. - Trichoglossus haematodus eyrei Mathews, G.M. 1912. A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171-455 [Date published 31 Jan 1912] [258].
Type data:
Holotype AMNH 617559 ♀ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 9600), Eyre Peninsula, SA (as Eyre's Penisula)
Comment: for identification of holotype, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [137]
Generic Combinations
- Trichoglossus moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788). —
del Hoyo, J. & Collar, N.J. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International illustrated checklist of the birds of the world. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Barcelona : Lynx Edicions pp. 903. [746] - Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788) [as subspecies of T. haematodus]. —
Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [138]
Distribution
States
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
Extra Distribution Information
Coastal and subcoastal E Australia, north to the middle Norman-Burdekin River drainages (Croydon-Cairns), QLD—south to southern region of Port Phillip Bay, VIC—and inland to the summit ridges of the Great Dividing Range and its inner western watersheds (Carnarvon and Warrumbungle Ranges), becoming rare and erratic in such uplands southwards into NSW (Southern Tablelands) and central Gippsland, VIC—also larger in-shore islands off east coast, e.g., Hinchinbrook-Palm, Whitsunday group, Fraser, Bribie, Moreton, and North Stradbroke Ils, QLD, but rare and erratic non-breeding visitor to TAS and Bass Strait islands. Introduced and successfully established in metropolitan Perth north to Moore River in 1960s–1970s (presumably this subspecies). Intergrades with T. h. septentrionalis Robinson, 1900 at northern limits between south-east head of Gulf of Carpentaria across foot of Cape York Peninsula to Cairns-Cooktown, QLD, and probably with T. h. eyrei Mathews, 1912 at south-west limits in region of Port Phillip Bay and westwards to Grampians, VIC.
Australian Endemic.
IBRA
NSW, Qld, SA, Tas, Vic: Australian Alps (AA), Brigalow Belt North (BBN), Brigalow Belt South (BBS), Ben Lomond (BEL), Central Mackay Coast (CMC), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Eyre Yorke Block (EYB), Flinders Lofty Block (FLB), Flinders (FLI), Gawler (GAW), Gulf Plains (GUP), Kanmantoo (KAN), King (KIN), Murray Darling Depression (MDD), Nandewar (NAN), Naracoorte Coastal Plain (NCP), New England Tablelands (NET), NSW North Coast (NNC), NSW South Western Slopes (NSS), Sydney Basin (SB), South East Coastal Plain (SCP), South East Corner (SEC), South Eastern Highlands (SEH), South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), Swan Coastal Plain (SWA), Tasmanian Central Highlands (TCH), Tasmanian Northern Midlands (TNM), Tasmanian Northern Slopes (TNS), Tasmanian South East (TSE), Victorian Midlands (VM), Victorian Volcanic Plain (VVP), Wet Tropics (WT)
Ecological Descriptors
Arboreal, closed forest, diurnal, frugivorous, gregarious, mellivore, nomadic, open forest, tall forest, volant, woodland.
Extra Ecological Information
Seasonal breeder, feeds on nectar, pollen, fruit-flesh and (accidentally?) seeds and insects in tree crowns in eucalypt and paperbark (Melaleuca) woodlands and forests and on edges of rainforest and mangroves, flocks and roosts in communal groups, flies directly on swiftly beating wings, nests on bed of wood dust in tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear whitish-downed, dark-billed chicks, wanders locally and regionally to seasonal food sources.
General References
Bell, H.L. 1966. Some feeding habits of the Rainbow Lorikeet. The Emu 66: 71-22 [Mathews, G.M. 1919. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 7 pt 5 pp. 385–499 + xii pls 363–370 Appendixes A & B (Appendix B)] (behaviour)
Cannon, C.E. 1979. Observations on the food and energy requirements of Rainbow Lorikeets, Trichoglossus haematodus (Aves: Psittacidae). Australian Wildlife Research 6: 337-346 (diet, energy budget)
Cannon, C.E. 1984. Movements of lorikeets with an artificially supplemented diet. Australian Wildlife Research 11: 173-179 (movements)
Cannon, C.E. 1984. The diet of lorikeets Trichoglossus spp. in the Queensland - New South Wales border region. The Emu 84: 16-22 (diet)
Coyle, P. 1988. Rainbow Lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus) released on Rottnest Island in 1960. Western Australian Naturalist 17: 109-110 (introductions)
Griffiths, R. 1985. Courtship display of the Rainbow Lorikeet. Australian Birds 19: 47-48 (behaviour)
Lea, A.M. & Gray, J.T. 1935. The food of Australian birds. An analysis of the stomach contents. The Emu 34: 275-292 (diet)
Leggett, R. & Woodall, P.F. 1987. Hybrid Scaly-breasted x Rainbow Lorikeets. Australian Bird Watcher 12: 122-126 (morphology, genetics)
Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1999. The Directory of Australian Birds : Passerines. A Taxonomic and Zoogeographic Atlas of the Biodiversity of Birds in Australia and its Territories. Collingwood, Australia : CSIRO Publishing x 851 pp. [135] (supporting arguments for choice of 'moluccanus' rather than other Gmelin (1788) names, and notes on types)
Storr, G.M. 1973. The Rainbow Lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus) in Perth, Western Australia. Western Australian Naturalist 12: 116 (distribution)
Walters, I.N. 1979. Transit party size in Trichoglossus (Aves: Loriidae) at Corinda, Queensland. Sunbird 10: 41-43 (behaviour, social organisation)
History of changes
Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
14-Sep-2023 | AVES | 14-Sep-2023 | MOVED | |
14-Sep-2023 | AVES | 14-Sep-2023 | MOVED | |
26-Oct-2015 | 01-Mar-2012 | MOVED | ||
12-Feb-2010 | (import) |
Subspecies Trichoglossus moluccanus septentrionalis Robinson, 1900
- Trichoglossus novaehollandiae septentrionalis Robinson, H.C. 1900. Contributions to the zoology of North Queensland. Bulletin of the Liverpool Museum 2: 115-116 [115] [as Trichoglossus novaehollandiae subsp. septentrionalis; for identification of types, see Wagstaffe, R. 1978. Type Specimens of Birds in the Merseyside County Museums. Liverpool : Merseyside County Museums, Merseyside County Council 33 pp.; small female syntype with wing 141 mm and tail 115 mm selected here as lectotype to confirm name for the small subspecies of Cape York Peninsula which begins to intergrade with T. m. moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788) rather abruptly from Cooktown south].
Type data:
Lectotype LIVCM B. 23, 7, 1900, 4 ♀, Cooktown, QLD (as North Queensland (Cooktown)).
Paralectotype(s) LIVCM B. 23, 7, 1900, 4a ♂; LIVCM B. 23, 7, 1900, 4; LIVCM B 23, 7, 1900, 4b.
Distribution
States
Queensland
Extra Distribution Information
Cape York Peninsula, south in west to upper Gilbert and lower Norman-Flinders and upper Gilbert Rivers where it abuts on T. rubritorquis Vigors & Horsfield, 1827, and in east to Endeavour-Daintree Rivers, south of which it intergrades rather abruptly with T. moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788)—also all mainland islands in SW Torres Strait, erratically northwards through eastern islands where may intergrade with T. h. caeruleiceps D'Albertis & Salvadori, 1879.
IBRA
Qld: Cape York Peninsula (CYP)
Other Regions
Torres Strait Islands terrestrial, marine & freshwater
Ecological Descriptors
Arboreal, closed forest, diurnal, frugivorous, gregarious, mellivore, nomadic, open forest, tall forest, volant, woodland.
Extra Ecological Information
Seasonal breeder, feeds on nectar, pollen, fruit-flesh and (accidentally?) seeds and insects in tree crowns in eucalypt and paperbark (Melaleuca) woodlands and forests and fringes of rainforest and mangroves, flocks and roosts in communal groups , flies directly on swiftly beating wings, nests on bed of wood dust in tree hollows, wanders locally and regionally to seasonal food sources.
History of changes
Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
14-Sep-2023 | AVES | 14-Sep-2023 | MOVED | |
14-Sep-2023 | AVES | 14-Sep-2023 | MOVED | |
26-Oct-2015 | 01-Mar-2012 | MOVED | ||
12-Feb-2010 | (import) |
- Trichoglossus rubritorquis Vigors, N.A. & Horsfield, T. 1827. A description of the Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15: 170-331 [Date published 17 Feb 1827: publication dated 1826] [291] [published without clues to restricted locality, see Mathews, G.M. 1917. The Birds of Australia. London : Witherby & Co. Vol. 6 pts 1–6 xix 516 pp. pls 275–324 [publication dated as 1916–1917]; Mathews' (loc. cit.) restriction of the type locality to Derby is illogical because that port was not established until the 1880s—instead, northwest Australia, including Arnhem Land and the Kimberley Division, is as precise a location as possible, given the likelihood that the holotype came from either the collections of Robert Brown, or the coastal explorations of P.P. King, or the attempted settlements at Port Essington or Fort Dundas, Melville Is., before 1826].
Type data:
Holotype BMNH 1863.7.7.55 unsexed adult (ex Linnean Society of London coll.), northwest coast of Australia (as New Holland)
Comment: for deposition and identification of holotype, see Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls (60); Sharpe, R.B. 1906. Birds. pp. 79–515 in, The History of the Collections contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. London : British Museum Vol. 2. (416); Warren, R.L.M. 1966. Type-specimens of Birds in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 1 Non-Passerines. London : British Museum ix 320 pp. - Trichoglossus rubritorquatus Finsch, O. 1868. Die Papageien, monographisch bearbeitet. Leiden : E.J. Brill Vol. 2 vii 996 pp., 5 pls. [824] [unjustified emendation of Trichoglossus rubritorquis Vigors & Horsfield, 1827].
- Trichoglossus rubritorques Salvadori, T. 1891. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots. London : British Museum Vol. 20 xvii 658 pp. XVIII pls. [60] [unjustified emendation of Trichoglossus rubritorquis Vigors & Horsfield, 1827].
- Trichoglossus rubritorquis melvillensis Mathews, G.M. 1912. Additions and corrections to my Reference List to the Birds of Australia. Austral Avian Records 1(2): 25-52 [Date published 2 Apr 1912] [35] [published anonymously—authorship credited in Austral Avian Rec. 1: 65].
Type data:
Holotype AMNH 617445 ♂ (G.M. Mathews' coll. no. 10876), Melville Island, NT
Comment: for identification of holotype, see Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1–306.Type locality references:
Greenway, J.C. 1978. Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Pt 2. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 161: 1-306.
Taxonomic Decision for Synonymy
- Schodde, R. in Schodde, R. & Mason, I.J. 1997. Aves (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In, Houston, W.W.K. & Wells, A. (eds). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Melbourne : CSIRO Publishing, Australia Vol. 37.2 xiii 440 pp. [139] (based on Condon, H.T. 1975. Checklist of the Birds of Australia Pt 1 Non-passerines. Melbourne : Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union xx 311 pp.)
Introduction
Assigned to subspecies status, to follow recognition of a single species T. haematodus by Christidis and Boles (2008: 153), although these authors state that changes are likely when detailed studies are carried out.
Distribution
States
Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia
Extra Distribution Information
Coastal and subcoastal Kimberley Division, Arnhem Land and S Gulf of Carpentaria, west to Dampier Land (Broome), WA, south to the Fitzroy-Margaret Rivers, upper Ord, middle Victoria and S Roper River drainages, WA/NT, and east along the Gulf of Carpentaria drainage to the lower Leichhardt River, QLD, where it abuts on T. h. moluccanus (Gmelin, 1788)-T. h. septentrionalis Robinson, 1900—also main off-shore islands, e.g., Melville-Bathurst, Groote Eylandt, Sir Edward Pellew group, and straggling to Torres Strait, also Kisar and (?)Romang in Lesser Sundas—erratic in south coastal Australian cities as aviary escapees.
IBRA
NT, Qld, WA: Arnhem Coast (ARC), Arnhem Plateau (ARP), Central Arnhem (CA), Central Kimberley (CK), Cape York Peninsula (CYP), Daly Basin (DAB), Darwin Coastal (DAC), Dampierland (DL), Einasleigh Uplands (EIU), Gulf Fall and Uplands (GFU), Gulf Coastal (GUC), Gulf Plains (GUP), Mount Isa Inlier (MII), Northern Kimberley (NK), Ord Victoria Plain (OVP), Pine Creek (PCK), Tiwi Cobourg (TIW), Victoria Bonaparte (VB)
Original AFD Distribution Data
Australian Region
- Australia
- Northern Territory: N Gulf, N coastal
- Queensland: N Gulf
- Western Australia: N coastal
Ecological Descriptors
Arboreal, closed forest, diurnal, frugivorous, gregarious, mellivore, nomadic, open forest, tall forest, volant, woodland.
Extra Ecological Information
Seasonal breeder, feeds on nectar, pollen, fruit-flesh and (accidentally?) seeds and insects in tree crowns in eucalypt and paperbark woodlands and forests and in pockets of rainforest and mangroves, flocks and roosts in communal groups, flies directly on swiftly beating wings, nests on bed of wood dust in tree hollows, incubation by female, both sexes rear whitish-downed, dark-billed chicks, wanders locally and regionally to seasonal food sources.
General References
Forshaw, J.M. 1978. Parrots of the World. 2nd (revised) Edn. Illustrated by W.T. Cooper. Melbourne : Lansdowne Edns 616 pp. 158 pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Forshaw, J.M. 1981. Australian Parrots. 2nd (revised) Edn. Illustrated by W.T. Cooper. Melbourne : Lansdowne Edns 312 pp. 56 pls. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Peters, J.L. 1937. Check-list of Birds of the World. Cambridge : Harvard University Press Vol. 3 xiii 311 pp. [150] (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
White, C.M.N. & Bruce, M.D. 1986. The Birds of Wallacea (Sulawesi, the Moluccas & Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia). An annotated check-list. B.O.U. Check-list No. 7. London : British Ornithologists' Union 524 pp. (extra-limital distribution)
White, C.M.N. & Bruce, M.D. 1986. The Birds of Wallacea (Sulawesi, the Moluccas & Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia). An annotated check-list. B.O.U. Check-list No. 7. London : British Ornithologists' Union 524 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
Wolters, H.E. 1975. Die Vogelarten der Erde. Eine systematische Liste mit Verbreitungsangaben sowie deutschen und englischen Namen. Hamburg : Paul Parey Lief. 1, 1-80 pp. (presenting alternative taxonomic arrangement)
History of changes
Published | As part of group | Action Date | Action Type | Compiler(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
14-Sep-2023 | AVES | 14-Sep-2023 | MOVED | |
26-Oct-2015 | 01-Mar-2012 | MOVED | ||
12-Feb-2010 | (import) |